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The Water-Babies
The Water-Babies

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Water-Babies is here in full — 302 sentences across 61 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Water-Babies
Context Illustration Reading 2/60 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.
He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.
He had never been taught to say his prayers.
He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.
He cried half his time, and laughed the other half.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Water-Babies

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Water-Babies is here in full — 302 sentences across 61 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 2/60 · 5 reading units · Lines 6–10

Line 1
He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.
/hiː lɪvd ɪn ə ɡreɪt taʊn ɪn ðə nɔːrθ ˈkʌntri wer ðer wɜːr ˈplenti ʌv ˈtʃɪmniz tuː swiːp ənd ˈplenti ʌv ˈmʌni fɔːr tɑːm tuː ɜːrn ənd hɪz ˈmæstər tuː spend/
Line 2
He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.
/hiː kʊd nɑːt red nɔːr raɪt ənd dɪd nɑːt ker tuː duː ˈiːðər ənd hiː ˈnevər wɑːʃt hɪmˈself fɔːr ðer wɑːz noʊ ˈwɔːtər ʌp ðə kɔːrt wer hiː lɪvd/
Line 3
He had never been taught to say his prayers.
/hiː hæd ˈnevər bɪn tɔːt tuː seɪ hɪz prerz/
Line 4
He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.
/hiː ˈnevər hæd hɜːrd ʌv ɡɑːd ɔːr ʌv kraɪst ɪkˈsept ɪn wɜːrdz wɪtʃ juː ˈnevər hæv hɜːrd ənd wɪtʃ ɪt wʊd hæv bɪn wel ɪf hiː hæd ˈnevər hɜːrd/
Line 5
He cried half his time, and laughed the other half.
/hiː kraɪd hæf hɪz taɪm ənd læft ðə ˈʌðər hæf/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chimneys noun US /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading “He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.”

Christ noun US /kraɪst/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading “He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.”

earn verb US /ɜːrn/

earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading “He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.”

plenty noun US /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading “He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.”

prayers noun US /prerz/

plural of “prayer” — the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading “He had never been taught to say his prayers.”

spend verb US /spend/

use up a period of time in a specific way

From this reading “He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.”

sweep verb US /swiːp/

sweep across or over

From this reading “He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.”

washed adjective US /wɑːʃt/

clean by virtue of having been washed in water

From this reading “He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He had never been taught to say his prayers.

carenounUS /ker/

the work of providing treatment for or attending to someone or something

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

chimneysnounUS /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

ChristnounUS /kraɪst/

a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

criedverbUS /kraɪd/

inflected form of “cry” — utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading He cried half his time, and laughed the other half.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

earnverbUS /ɜːrn/

earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

GodnounUS /ɡɑːd/

the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had never been taught to say his prayers.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading He cried half his time, and laughed the other half.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

laughedverbUS /læft/

past form of “laugh” — produce laughter

From this reading He cried half his time, and laughed the other half.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

masternounUS /ˈmæstər/

an artist of consummate skill

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading He cried half his time, and laughed the other half.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

prayersnounUS /prerz/

plural of “prayer” — the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading He had never been taught to say his prayers.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading He had never been taught to say his prayers.

spendverbUS /spend/

use up a period of time in a specific way

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

sweepverbUS /swiːp/

sweep across or over

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading He had never been taught to say his prayers.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He cried half his time, and laughed the other half.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

TomnounUS /tɑːm/

male cat

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

washedadjectiveUS /wɑːʃt/

clean by virtue of having been washed in water

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading He lived in a great town in the North country, where there were plenty of chimneys to sweep, and plenty of money for Tom to earn and his master to spend.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

writeverbUS /raɪt/

produce a literary work

From this reading He could not read nor write, and did not care to do either; and he never washed himself, for there was no water up the court where he lived.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading He never had heard of God, or of Christ, except in words which you never have heard, and which it would have been well if he had never heard.

Chapter 1 of The Water-Babies by Charles Kingsley holds 302 sentences, grouped into 61 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Water-Babies contain?

Chapter 1 holds 302 sentences of The Water-Babies, unabridged, divided into 61 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Water-Babies by Charles Kingsley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 302 sentences, grouped into 61 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Water-Babies?

Work through the 61 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 61 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Water-Babies

Common questions about reading The Water-Babies by Charles Kingsley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Water-Babies?

Yes. All 2578 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #1018 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Water-Babies is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #1018, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Water-Babies take to read?

About 214 minutes of reading across 516 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Water-Babies section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Water-Babies

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Water-Babies, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Heard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Water-Babies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thousand
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Water-Babies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Blended
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Water-Babies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Notes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Water-Babies; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.