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The Ways of Men
The Ways of Men

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Ways of Men is here in full — 56 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.
During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.
When the youths interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.
At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.
To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Ways of Men

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of The Ways of Men is here in full — 56 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.
Line 2
During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.
/ˈdʊrɪŋ ðiːz ˌɪnˈfɔːrməl ˈaʊərz hiː tɔːkt tuː ðem ʌv ˈlɪtərətʃər ənd ɑːrt ənd ʃoʊd ðem hɪz prɪnts ənd ˈpeɪntɪŋz/
Line 3
When the youthsinterest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.
/wen ðə juːðz ˈɪntrəst wɑːz ərˈaʊzd hiː lent ðem bʊks ðæt ðeɪ maɪt red əˈbaʊt ðə ˈstætʃuːz ənd ˈbɪldɪŋz ðæt hæd əˈtræktɪd ðer əˈtenʃən/
Line 4
At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.
/æt fɜːrst ɪt əˈpɪrd ə ˈhoʊpləs tæsk tuː ərˈaʊz ˈeni ˈɪntrəst əˈmʌŋ ðiːz ˈpezənts ɪn ˈsʌbdʒɪkts nɑːt ˈberɪŋ ɑːn ðer ˈæbdʒekt lɪvz/
Line 5
To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abject adjective US /ˈæbdʒekt/

of the most contemptible kind

From this reading “At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.”

arouse verb US /ərˈaʊz/

call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)

From this reading “At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.”

informal adjective US /ˌɪnˈfɔːrməl/

not formal

From this reading “During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.”

organized adjective US /ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/

formed into a structured or coherent whole, particularly on a large scale

From this reading “I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.”

paintings noun US /ˈpeɪntɪŋz/

plural of “painting” — graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface

From this reading “During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.”

prints noun US /prɪnts/

plural of “print” — the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading “During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.”

saddened verb US /ˈsædənd/

past form of “sadden” — make unhappy

From this reading “I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.”

superfluous adjective US /ˈsuːpərflwʌs/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading “To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

abjectadjectiveUS /ˈæbdʒekt/

of the most contemptible kind

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

arouseverbUS /ərˈaʊz/

call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses)

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

arousedadjectiveUS /ərˈaʊzd/

aroused to action

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

attractedverbUS /əˈtræktɪd/

past form of “attract” — direct toward itself or oneself by means of some psychological power or physical attributes

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

bodiesnounUS /ˈbɑːdiz/

plural of “body” — the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

buildingsnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋz/

plural of “building” — a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

Cevennes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

charmnounUS /tʃɑːrm/

attractiveness that interests or pleases or stimulates

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

classesnounUS /ˈklæsəz/

plural of “class” — a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

cultivatedadjectiveUS /ˈkʌltəveɪtɪd/

(of land or fields) prepared for raising crops by plowing or fertilizing

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

foodnounUS /fuːd/

any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

hopelessadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊpləs/

without hope because there seems to be no possibility of comfort or success

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

idealadjectiveUS /aɪˈdiːl/

conforming to an ultimate standard of perfection or excellence; embodying an ideal

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

informaladjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrməl/

not formal

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

lentnounUS /lent/

a period of 40 weekdays from Ash Wednesday to Holy Saturday

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

MountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

organizedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/

formed into a structured or coherent whole, particularly on a large scale

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

paintingsnounUS /ˈpeɪntɪŋz/

plural of “painting” — graphic art consisting of an artistic composition made by applying paints to a surface

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

peasantsnounUS /ˈpezənts/

plural of “peasant” — a country person

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

printsnounUS /prɪnts/

plural of “print” — the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

raimentnoun

especially fine or decorative clothing

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

saddenedverbUS /ˈsædənd/

past form of “sadden” — make unhappy

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

showedverbUS /ʃoʊd/

past form of “show” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

statuesnounUS /ˈstætʃuːz/

plural of “statue” — a sculpture representing a human or animal

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

subjectsnounUS /ˈsʌbdʒɪkts/

plural of “subject” — the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

superfluousadjectiveUS /ˈsuːpərflwʌs/

serving no useful purpose; having no excuse for being

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

talkverbUS /tɔːk/

exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

talkedverbUS /tɔːkt/

past form of “talk” — exchange thoughts; talk with

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading At first it appeared a hopeless task to arouse any interest among these peasants in subjects not bearing on their abject lives.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading During these informal hours, he talked to them of literature and art and showed them his prints and paintings.

unlovelyadjective

without beauty or charm

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

wallsnounUS /wɔːlz/

plural of “wall” — an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading To talk with boys of the ideal, when their poor bodies were in need of food and raiment, seemed superfluous; but in time the charm worked, as it always will.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading I knew, in my youth, a French village far up among the Cevennes Mountains, where the one cultivated man of the place, saddened by the unlovely lives of the peasants around him and by the bare walls of the village school, organized evening classes for the boys.

youthsnounUS /juːðz/

plural of “youth” — a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading When the youths’ interest was aroused he lent them books, that they might read about the statues and buildings that had attracted their attention.

Chapter 20 of The Ways of Men by Eliot Gregory holds 56 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of The Ways of Men contain?

Chapter 20 holds 56 sentences of The Ways of Men, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of The Ways of Men by Eliot Gregory exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 56 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of The Ways of Men?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Ways of Men

Common questions about reading The Ways of Men by Eliot Gregory on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Ways of Men?

Yes. All 2387 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #319 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Ways of Men is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #319, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Ways of Men take to read?

About 198 minutes of reading across 478 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Ways of Men section by section

How to work through The Ways of Men section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 33 chapters of The Ways of Men to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Ways of Men

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Ways of Men, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Gentleman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ways of Men; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Graced
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ways of Men; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gubernatorial
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ways of Men; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Armchair
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Ways of Men; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.