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The Whirligig of Time
The Whirligig of Time

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Whirligig of Time is here in full — 214 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Whirligig of Time
Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.
James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.
Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.
A hot bath, and then breakfast.
Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Whirligig of Time

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31 of The Whirligig of Time is here in full — 214 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.
/ðə taɪd tɜːrnz ə ɡreɪ ˈmɔːrnɪŋ wet ənd kloʊs huːz ˈveri ˈætməsfɪr wɑːz deθ tuː hoʊp/
Line 2
James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.
/dʒeɪmz dɪd hoʊp ˌnevərðəˈles wɪð ɔːl ðə riˈfreʃt ˈenərdʒi ʌv hɪz ˈbiːɪŋ/
Line 3
Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.
/hoʊp keɪm æz suːn æz hiː ˈstɑːrtɪd tuː weɪk ʌp bɪˈfɔːr hiː bɪˈɡæn tuː fiːl ðə kræmps ɪn hɪz lɪmz bɪˈfɔːr hiː hæd taɪm tuː rʌb hɪz aɪz ənd ˈwʌndər wʌt hæd ˈhæpənd/
Line 4
A hot bath, and then breakfast.
/ə hɑːt bæθ ənd ðen ˈbrekfəst/
Line 5
Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bath noun US /bæθ/

a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading “A hot bath, and then breakfast.”

cramps noun US /kræmps/

plural of “cramp” — a painful and involuntary muscular contraction

From this reading “Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.”

humiliated adjective US /hjuːˈmɪlieɪtɪd/

subdued or brought low in condition or status

From this reading “Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.”

limbs noun US /lɪmz/

plural of “limb” — one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading “Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.”

realize verb US /ˈriːəlaɪz/

be fully aware or cognizant of

From this reading “Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.”

refreshed adjective US /riˈfreʃt/

with restored energy

From this reading “James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.”

rub verb US /rʌb/

move over something with pressure

From this reading “Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.”

wake verb US /weɪk/

be awake, be alert, be there

From this reading “Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

hot bath adjective + noun

In this reading “A hot bath, and then breakfast.”

wake up verb + adjective

cause to become awake or conscious

In this reading “Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.”

make a difference verb + article + noun counted as “make … difference”

In this reading “Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

alleviations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

bathnounUS /bæθ/

a vessel containing liquid in which something is immersed (as to process it or to maintain it at a constant temperature or to lubricate it)

From this reading A hot bath, and then breakfast.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading A hot bath, and then breakfast.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

crampsnounUS /kræmps/

plural of “cramp” — a painful and involuntary muscular contraction

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

graynounUS /ɡreɪ/

a neutral achromatic color midway between white and black

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading A hot bath, and then breakfast.

humiliatedadjectiveUS /hjuːˈmɪlieɪtɪd/

subdued or brought low in condition or status

From this reading Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

limbsnounUS /lɪmz/

plural of “limb” — one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

neverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

PhysicaladjectiveUS /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit

From this reading Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

realizeverbUS /ˈriːəlaɪz/

be fully aware or cognizant of

From this reading Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

refreshedadjectiveUS /riˈfreʃt/

with restored energy

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

rubverbUS /rʌb/

move over something with pressure

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading A hot bath, and then breakfast.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Physical alleviations; he was humiliated to realize they did make a difference, even to him.

TIDEnounUS /taɪd/

the periodic rise and fall of the sea level under the gravitational pull of the moon

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

TURNSnounUS /tɜːrnz/

plural of “turn” — a circular segment of a curve

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

wakeverbUS /weɪk/

be awake, be alert, be there

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading THE TIDE TURNS A gray morning, wet and close, whose very atmosphere was death to hope.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading James did hope, nevertheless, with all the refreshed energy of his being.

wondernounUS /ˈwʌndər/

the feeling aroused by something strange and surprising

From this reading Hope came as soon as he started to wake up, before he began to feel the cramps in his limbs, before he had time to rub his eyes and wonder what had happened.

Chapter 31 of The Whirligig of Time by Wayland Wells Williams holds 214 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of The Whirligig of Time contain?

Chapter 31 holds 214 sentences of The Whirligig of Time, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of The Whirligig of Time by Wayland Wells Williams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 214 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of The Whirligig of Time?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Whirligig of Time

Common questions about reading The Whirligig of Time by Wayland Wells Williams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Whirligig of Time?

Yes. All 8770 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37906 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Whirligig of Time is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37906, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Whirligig of Time take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1754 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Whirligig of Time section by section

How to work through The Whirligig of Time section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of The Whirligig of Time to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Whirligig of Time

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Whirligig of Time, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Whirligig
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Whirligig of Time; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Brings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Whirligig of Time; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Revenges
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Whirligig of Time; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Twelfth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Whirligig of Time; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.