Chapter III

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

present in great quantity

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

-ing form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

plural of “beast” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

plural of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

an onerous or difficult concern

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

actively or fully engaged or occupied

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

showing who or what does the action

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

a system of timekeeping that defines the beginning and length and divisions of the year

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

plural of “canal” — (astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

plural of “canoe” — small and light boat; pointed at both ends; propelled with a paddle

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

plural of “causeway” — a road that is raised above water or marshland or sand

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

concrete pavement is sometimes referred to as cement

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

plural of “city” — a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

cleansing the body by washing; especially ritual washing of e.g. hands

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

the first light of day

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

devoted to a cause or ideal or purpose

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

comparative of “easy” — posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

to or in any or all places

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

marked by eager anticipation

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

to certain extent or degree

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

a day or period of time set aside for feasting and celebration

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

plural of “fleet” — group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

highest in quality

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

crossed or intersected in the form of an X

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

moving to the inside of something

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

filled with a great quantity

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

immediately past

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

the main land mass of a country or continent; as distinguished from an island or peninsula

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

a republic in southern North America; became independent from Spain in 1810

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

to a great degree or extent

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

not any; not one

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

amounting to a large indefinite number

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

above and across; more than

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

plural of “party” — an organization to gain political power

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

plural of “pavement” — the paved surface of a thoroughfare

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

past form of “pour” — cause to run

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

inflected form of “shine” — be bright by reflecting or casting light

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

plural of “slave” — a person who is owned by someone

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

small or little relative to something else

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

having a surface free from roughness or bumps or ridges or irregularities

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

a person who follows next in order

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

taking in or moving over (or as if over) a wide area; often used in combination

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

in or at that place or location

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

filled with great numbers crowded together

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

the aggregation of things (pedestrians or vehicles) coming and going in a particular locality during a specified period of time

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

soldiers collectively

From this reading From earliest dawn troops of country people had thronged the three great causeways leading from the mainland, and poured over them into the city.

(of sound or color) free from anything that dulls or dims

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

up to a particular time

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

a formal word for “on”

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading Fleets of canoes from Tezcuco, on the opposite side of the lake, and from various smaller cities and villages on its border, were constantly arriving laden with parties of expectant sight-seers.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

shedding tears

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading As there were no horses nor other beasts of burden in all the land, as all heavy traffic of the city was carried on in boats by means of the numerous intersecting canals, and as water was everywhere abundant, the cleansing of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan was a much easier task than is that of Mexico, its modern successor.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading IN THE MARKET-PLACE OF TENOCHTITLAN On the morning of the last and greatest day of the festival by which the mighty calendar stone was dedicated, the rising sun shone from an unclouded sky upon the fair city of Tenochtitlan.

in the company of; together with

From this reading All night long a thousand slaves had been busy sweeping and watering its streets, until now their smooth pavements of cement fairly shone with cleanliness.