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The White Conquerors
The White Conquerors

Chapter XXXIX

Chapter 39 of The White Conquerors is here in full — 77 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.
On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.
As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.
These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.
They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The White Conquerors

Chapter XXXIX

Chapter 39 of The White Conquerors is here in full — 77 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.
Line 2
On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.
/ɑːn ðɪs əˈkeɪʒən ðə ˈspænjərdz fɪld wɪð ˈheɪtrəd əˈɡenst ðə ˈeɪn.ʃənt ˈpæləs ɪn wɪtʃ ðeɪ hæd ˈsʌfərd soʊ mʌtʃ set ˈfaɪər tuː ɪt ɪn ə ˈhʌndrəd ˈpleɪsəz ənd suːn hæd ðə ˌsætəˈsfækʃən ʌv ˈsiːɪŋ ɪt ɪn ˈruːənz/
Line 3
As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.
/æz ɑːn ðə ˈpriːviəs əˈkeɪʒən ðə riˈtriːt tuː ðer oʊn kæmp wɑːz soʊ ˈbɪtərli əˈseɪld ðæt fjuː riːtʃt ɪt wɪˈθaʊt ˈberɪŋ ɑːn ðer ˈbɑːdiz ˈsmɑːrtɪŋ ˈtoʊkənz ʌv ðə faɪt/
Line 4
These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.
Line 5
They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.
/ðeɪ ˈɔːlsoʊ ˈkɑːntreri tuː ðer ˈjuːʒəwəl ˈkʌstəm meɪd ˈkɑːnstənt naɪt əˈtæks əˈpɑːn ðə ˈkrɪstʃən kæmps soʊ ðæt ðə ˈspænjərdz wɜːr əˈlaʊd noʊ rest/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assailed verb US /əˈseɪld/

past form of “assail” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading “As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.”

assaults noun US /əˈsɔːlts/

plural of “assault” — close fighting during the culmination of a military attack

From this reading “These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.”

attacks noun US /əˈtæks/

plural of “attack” — (military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading “They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.”

Aztecs noun US /ˈæzteks/

plural of “aztec” — a member of the Nahuatl people who established an empire in Mexico that was overthrown by Cortes in 1519

From this reading “These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.”

camps noun US /kæmps/

plural of “camp” — temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading “They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.”

openings noun US /ˈoʊpənɪŋz/

plural of “opening” — an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading “These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.”

smarting noun US /ˈsmɑːrtɪŋ/

a kind of pain such as that caused by a wound or a burn or a sore

From this reading “As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.”

tokens noun US /ˈtoʊkənz/

plural of “token” — an individual instance of a type of symbol

From this reading “As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

FATAL ERROR adjective + noun

In this reading “ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.”

usual custom adjective + noun

In this reading “They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.”

next day adjective + noun

In this reading “ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.”

previous occasion adjective + noun

In this reading “As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.”

many days adjective + noun

In this reading “These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.”

during the day preposition + article + noun counted as “during … day”

In this reading “These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.”

at night preposition + noun

In this reading “These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.”

All words in this reading · 96

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

ALDERETE'S

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

ancientadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

assailedverbUS /əˈseɪld/

past form of “assail” — attack someone physically or emotionally

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

assaultnounUS /əˈsɔːlt/

close fighting during the culmination of a military attack

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

assaultsnounUS /əˈsɔːlts/

plural of “assault” — close fighting during the culmination of a military attack

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

attacksnounUS /əˈtæks/

plural of “attack” — (military) an offensive against an enemy (using weapons)

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

AztecsnounUS /ˈæzteks/

plural of “aztec” — a member of the Nahuatl people who established an empire in Mexico that was overthrown by Cortes in 1519

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

besiegers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

bitterlyadverbUS /ˈbɪtərli/

with bitterness; in a resentful manner

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

bodiesnounUS /ˈbɑːdiz/

plural of “body” — the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

campnounUS /kæmp/

temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

campsnounUS /kæmps/

plural of “camp” — temporary living quarters specially built by the army for soldiers

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

canalnounUS /kəˈnæl/

(astronomy) an indistinct surface feature of Mars once thought to be a system of channels; they are now believed to be an optical illusion

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

clearedadjectiveUS /klɪrd/

rid of objects or obstructions such as e.g. trees and brush

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

constantadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstənt/

unvarying in nature

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

continuedadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːd/

without stop or interruption

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

contraryadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːntreri/

very opposed in nature or character or purpose

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

ERRORnounUS /ˈerər/

a wrong action attributable to bad judgment or ignorance or inattention

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

FATALadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪtəl/

bringing death

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

hatrednounUS /ˈheɪtrəd/

the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

openingsnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋz/

plural of “opening” — an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

penetratedverbUS /ˈpenətreɪtɪd/

past form of “penetrate” — pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

resultsnounUS /rɪˈzʌlts/

plural of “result” — a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

ruinsnounUS /ˈruːənz/

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

seeingnounUS /ˈsiːɪŋ/

perception by means of the eyes

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

slightnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

smartingnounUS /ˈsmɑːrtɪŋ/

a kind of pain such as that caused by a wound or a burn or a sore

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

SpaniardsnounUS /ˈspænjərdz/

plural of “spaniard” — a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

squareverbUS /skwer/

make square

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

sufferedverbUS /ˈsʌfərd/

past form of “suffer” — undergo or be subjected to

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

templenounUS /ˈtempəl/

place of worship consisting of an edifice for the worship of a deity

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

tokensnounUS /ˈtoʊkənz/

plural of “token” — an individual instance of a type of symbol

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading They also, contrary to their usual custom, made constant night attacks upon the Christian camps, so that the Spaniards were allowed no rest.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ALDERETE'S FATAL ERROR The next day another assault was made that penetrated, as before, to the square of the temple.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

whereverconjunctionUS /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading These assaults were continued for many days, though with but slight results; for, wherever the besiegers filled canal openings during the day, the Aztecs cleared them out again at night.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On this occasion the Spaniards, filled with hatred against the ancient palace in which they had suffered so much, set fire to it in a hundred places, and soon had the satisfaction of seeing it in ruins.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading As on the previous occasion, the retreat to their own camp was so bitterly assailed that few reached it without bearing on their bodies smarting tokens of the fight.

Chapter 39 of The White Conquerors by Kirk Munroe holds 77 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 39 of The White Conquerors contain?

Chapter 39 holds 77 sentences of The White Conquerors, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 39 of The White Conquerors by Kirk Munroe exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 77 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 39 of The White Conquerors?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 39 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 39 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The White Conquerors

Common questions about reading The White Conquerors by Kirk Munroe on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The White Conquerors?

Yes. All 2939 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47810 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The White Conquerors is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47810, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The White Conquerors take to read?

About 244 minutes of reading across 588 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The White Conquerors section by section

How to work through The White Conquerors section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The White Conquerors to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The White Conquerors

Words and structures a reader meets early in The White Conquerors, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The White Conquerors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wakulla
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The White Conquerors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Flamingo
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The White Conquerors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Feather
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The White Conquerors; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.