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The White Riband
The White Riband

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The White Riband is here in full — 53 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.
Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.
They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.
By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.
The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The White Riband

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of The White Riband is here in full — 53 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.
Line 2
Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.
/ɔːlˈredi ðə θɔːt ʌv ðə dæns wɑːz ɪn ðer hedz ənd ɪts ˈtrɪpɪŋ ɪn ðer fiːt ənd ðeɪ sæŋ θruː ðə leɪnz/
Line 3
They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.
Line 4
By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.
Line 5
The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adornment noun US /əˈdɔːrnmənt/

a decoration of color or interest that is added to relieve plainness

From this reading “IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.”

attends verb US /əˈtendz/

third-person singular of “attend” — be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.

From this reading “IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.”

contributions noun US /ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃənz/

plural of “contribution” — the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result

From this reading “They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.”

fiddles noun US /ˈfɪdəlz/

plural of “fiddle” — bowed stringed instrument that is the highest member of the violin family; this instrument has four strings and a hollow body and an unfretted fingerboard and is played with a bow

From this reading “The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.”

outlying adjective US /ˈaʊtlaɪɪŋ/

relatively far from a center or middle

From this reading “By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.”

polishing noun US /ˈpɑːlɪʃɪŋ/

the work of making something smooth and shiny by rubbing or waxing it

From this reading “IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.”

tripping adjective US /ˈtrɪpɪŋ/

characterized by a buoyant rhythm

From this reading “Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.”

waylaid verb US /ˈweɪleɪd/

inflected form of “waylay” — wait in hiding to attack

From this reading “They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.”

All words in this reading · 133

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

adornmentnounUS /əˈdɔːrnmənt/

a decoration of color or interest that is added to relieve plainness

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

AlreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

assembledverbUS /əˈsembəld/

past form of “assemble” — create by putting components or members together

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

ATTENDSverbUS /əˈtendz/

third-person singular of “attend” — be present at (meetings, church services, university), etc.

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

bandnounUS /bænd/

an unofficial association of people or groups

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

bandmasternoun

the conductor of a band

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

bigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

boughsnounUS /baʊz/

plural of “bough” — any of the larger branches of a tree

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

Bugletown

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

cleaningnounUS /ˈkliːnɪŋ/

the act of making something clean

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

contributionsnounUS /ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃənz/

plural of “contribution” — the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

dancenounUS /dæns/

an artistic form of nonverbal communication

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

dancedverbUS /dænst/

past form of “dance” — move in a graceful and rhythmical way

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

dancersnounUS /ˈdænsərz/

plural of “dancer” — a performer who dances professionally

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

dawnedverbUS /dɔːnd/

past form of “dawn” — become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

deckedverbUS /dekt/

past form of “deck” — be beautiful to look at

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

drewnounUS /druː/

United States actor (born in Ireland); father of Georgiana Emma Barrymore (1827-1862)

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

drumnounUS /drʌm/

a musical percussion instrument; usually consists of a hollow cylinder with a membrane stretched across each end

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

eighthadjectiveUS /eɪtθ/

coming next after the seventh and just before the ninth in position

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

fairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

fiddlesnounUS /ˈfɪdəlz/

plural of “fiddle” — bowed stringed instrument that is the highest member of the violin family; this instrument has four strings and a hollow body and an unfretted fingerboard and is played with a bow

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

figurenounUS /ˈfɪɡjər/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

FLORAnounUS /ˈflɔːrə/

all the plant life in a particular region or period

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

gayadjectiveUS /ɡeɪ/

bright and pleasant; promoting a feeling of cheer

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

gentrynounUS /ˈdʒentri/

the most powerful members of a society

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

glossyadjectiveUS /ˈɡlɔːsi/

based on pretense; deceptively pleasing

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

greyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

hairnounUS /her/

a covering for the body (or parts of it) consisting of a dense growth of threadlike structures (as on the human head); helps to prevent heat loss

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

heatedadjectiveUS /ˈhiːtəd/

made warm or hot (“het” is a dialectal variant of “heated”)

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

hospitablyadverb

in a hospitable manner

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

hournounUS /ˈaʊər/

a period of time equal to 1/24th of a day

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

housesnounUS /ˈhaʊsəz/

plural of “house” — a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

lanesnounUS /leɪnz/

plural of “lane” — a narrow way or road

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

LOVEDAY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

maidservants

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

mainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

Maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

noonnounUS /nuːn/

the middle of the day

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

outlyingadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtlaɪɪŋ/

relatively far from a center or middle

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

passagenounUS /ˈpæsədʒ/

the act of passing from one state or place to the next

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

pluckverbUS /plʌk/

pull or pull out sharply

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

polishingnounUS /ˈpɑːlɪʃɪŋ/

the work of making something smooth and shiny by rubbing or waxing it

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

portlyadjectiveUS /ˈpɔːrtli/

euphemisms for “fat”

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

regionsnounUS /ˈriːdʒənz/

plural of “region” — the extended spatial location of something

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

sangnounUS /sæŋ/

North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

shiningadjectiveUS /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/

marked by exceptional merit

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

silvernounUS /ˈsɪlvər/

a soft white precious univalent metallic element having the highest electrical and thermal conductivity of any metal; occurs in argentite and in free form; used in coins and jewelry and tableware and photography

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

sleekadjectiveUS /sliːk/

well-groomed and neatly tailored; especially too well-groomed

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

SpentadjectiveUS /spent/

depleted of energy, force, or strength

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

strangersnounUS /ˈstreɪndʒərz/

plural of “stranger” — anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

streamedverbUS /striːmd/

past form of “stream” — to extend, wave or float outward, as if in the wind

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

streetsnounUS /striːts/

plural of “street” — a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

trippingadjectiveUS /ˈtrɪpɪŋ/

characterized by a buoyant rhythm

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

trumpetsnounUS /ˈtrʌmpəts/

pitcher plant of southeastern United States having erect yellow trumpet-shaped pitchers with wide mouths and erect lids

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

tunenounUS /tuːn/

a succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Already the thought of the dance was in their heads, and its tripping in their feet, and they sang through the lanes.

waylaidverbUS /ˈweɪleɪd/

inflected form of “waylay” — wait in hiding to attack

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

well-oiled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading They waylaid strangers coming into Bugletown and drew contributions of silver from them, according to custom, and all they did went to a gay measure.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

WHICHpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading By the time the gentry, both of the place itself and of outlying regions, were assembled for the dance every house in the main streets of the grey little old town was decked with boughs, its front and back doors opened wide for the dancers, who at the Flora always danced through every house set hospitably open for their passage.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading The band, that all day long plays but the one tune, hour after hour, was gathered together by noon, sleek and not yet heated, their trumpets shining in the sun, their fiddles glossy as their well-oiled hair, their big drum round as the portly figure of the bandmaster himself.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading IN WHICH LOVEDAY ATTENDS THE FLORA The eighth of May dawned fair and clear, and from early morning the young men and maidservants of Bugletown, who had Spent the past week cleaning and polishing the houses, streamed out into the country to pluck green branches for their further adornment.

Chapter 12 of The White Riband by F. Tennyson (Fryniwyd Tennyson) Jesse holds 53 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The White Riband contain?

Chapter 12 holds 53 sentences of The White Riband, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The White Riband by F. Tennyson (Fryniwyd Tennyson) Jesse exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 53 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The White Riband?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The White Riband

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Is this the complete text of The White Riband?

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Which edition of The White Riband is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The White Riband take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The White Riband section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The White Riband

Words and structures a reader meets early in The White Riband, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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