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The White Shield
The White Shield

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The White Shield is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The White Shield
Context Illustration Reading 1/82 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.
The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.
Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.
We could see the sky above.
The wind was rising.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The White Shield

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The White Shield is here in full — 414 sentences across 83 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/82 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.
/wʌns wɪˈðɪn ðə ˈɪnər wɔːl wiː faʊnd wiː kʊd briːð mɔːr ˈfriːli/
Line 2
The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.
/ðə smoʊk roʊld ɪn ɪts θɪk ˈtʃoʊ.kɪŋ fjuːmz bʌt baɪ ˈkraʊtʃɪŋ loʊ tuː ðə ɡraʊnd wiː kʊd stɪl faɪnd er bʌt wʌt er ðer wɑːz wiː nuː wɑːz ˈɡoʊɪŋ ˈaʊər ˈsensɪz wɜːr ˈɡoʊɪŋ ˈaʊər hedz ɡruː hɑːt ənd ˈaʊər breɪn wɑːz ˈθrɑːbɪŋ æz ðoʊ tuː bɜːrst/
Line 3
Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.
/ðen ðer keɪm fɔːr ðə fɜːrst taɪm ə feɪnt pʌf ʌv er ˈfɑːloʊd baɪ əˈnʌðər les feɪnt/
Line 4
We could see the sky above.
/wiː kʊd siː ðə skaɪ əˈbʌv/
Line 5
The wind was rising.
/ðə waɪnd wɑːz ˈraɪzɪŋ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

breathe verb US /briːð/

draw air into, and expel out of, the lungs

From this reading “Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.”

choking adjective US /ˈtʃoʊ.kɪŋ/

Causing difficulty in breathing.

From this reading “The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.”

crouching verb US /ˈkraʊtʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “crouch” — bend one's back forward from the waist on down

From this reading “The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.”

freely adverb US /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading “Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.”

fumes noun US /fjuːmz/

gases ejected from an engine as waste products

From this reading “The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.”

inner adjective US /ˈɪnər/

located inward

From this reading “Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.”

puff verb US /pʌf/

smoke and exhale strongly

From this reading “Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.”

throbbing noun US /ˈθrɑːbɪŋ/

an instance of rapid strong pulsation (of the heart)

From this reading “The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

crouching low verb + adjective counted as “crouch low”

In this reading “The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.”

inner wall adjective + noun

In this reading “Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.”

grew hot verb + adjective counted as “grow hot”

In this reading “The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.”

first time adjective + noun

In this reading “Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.”

followed by verb + particle counted as “follow by”

In this reading “Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.”

puff of verb + particle

In this reading “Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.”

breathe more verb + adjective

In this reading “Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.”

All words in this reading · 61

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading We could see the sky above.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

brainnounUS /breɪn/

that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

breatheverbUS /briːð/

draw air into, and expel out of, the lungs

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

burstverbUS /bɜːrst/

come open suddenly and violently, as if from internal pressure

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

chokingadjectiveUS /ˈtʃoʊ.kɪŋ/

Causing difficulty in breathing.

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

crouchingverbUS /ˈkraʊtʃɪŋ/

-ing form of “crouch” — bend one's back forward from the waist on down

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

faintadjectiveUS /feɪnt/

deficient in magnitude; barely perceptible; lacking clarity or brightness or loudness etc

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

freelyadverbUS /ˈfriːli/

in a free manner

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

fumesnounUS /fjuːmz/

gases ejected from an engine as waste products

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

grewverbUS /ɡruː/

inflected form of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

hotadjectiveUS /hɑːt/

used of physical heat; having a high or higher than desirable temperature or giving off heat or feeling or causing a sensation of heat or burning

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

inneradjectiveUS /ˈɪnər/

located inward

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

OnceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

puffverbUS /pʌf/

smoke and exhale strongly

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

risingadjectiveUS /ˈraɪzɪŋ/

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading The wind was rising.

rolledadjectiveUS /roʊld/

especially of petals or leaves in bud; having margins rolled inward

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading We could see the sky above.

sensesnounUS /ˈsensɪz/

plural of “sens” — street names for marijuana

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading We could see the sky above.

smokenounUS /smoʊk/

a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

ThenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

thickadjectiveUS /θɪk/

not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

throbbingnounUS /ˈθrɑːbɪŋ/

an instance of rapid strong pulsation (of the heart)

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Then there came for the first time a faint puff of air, followed by another less faint.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The smoke rolled in its thick, choking fumes, but by crouching low to the ground we could still find air; but what air there was we knew was going: our senses were going, our heads grew hot, and our brain was throbbing as though to burst.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading The wind was rising.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Once within the inner wall, we found we could breathe more freely.

Chapter 4 of The White Shield by Bertram Mitford holds 414 sentences, grouped into 83 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The White Shield contain?

Chapter 4 holds 414 sentences of The White Shield, unabridged, divided into 83 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The White Shield by Bertram Mitford exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 414 sentences, grouped into 83 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The White Shield?

Work through the 83 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 83 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The White Shield

Common questions about reading The White Shield by Bertram Mitford on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The White Shield?

Yes. All 4145 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32893 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The White Shield is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32893, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The White Shield take to read?

About 345 minutes of reading across 829 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The White Shield section by section

How to work through The White Shield section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of The White Shield to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The White Shield

Words and structures a reader meets early in The White Shield, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

White
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The White Shield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Shield
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The White Shield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bertram
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The White Shield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mitford
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The White Shield; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.