Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
The Whites and the Blues
The Whites and the Blues

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of The Whites and the Blues is here in full — 282 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Whites and the Blues
Context Illustration Reading 1/56 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.
Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.
He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.
Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.
Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Whites and the Blues

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of The Whites and the Blues is here in full — 282 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/56 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.
Line 2
Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.
Line 3
He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.
Line 4
Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.
/ðen θruː aɪ noʊ nɑːt wʌt kəˈpriːs ʌv hɪz ˈfɑːðərz huː ˈprɑːbəbliː ˈwɔːntɪd tuː hæv ə ˈprelɪt ɪn ðə ˈfæməli hiː hæd bɪn sent tuː ə ˈseməneri wer ɪf wiː meɪ dʒʌdʒ frʌm ðə ˈletərz wɪtʃ ɑːr ˈlaɪɪŋ bɪˈfɔːr ʌs hɪz ˈstʌdiz dɪd nɑːt ɪkˈstend soʊ fɑːr æz tuː ɡɪv hɪm ə ˈprɑːpər ˈnɑːlədʒ ʌv ɔːrˈθɑːɡrəfi/
Line 5
Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bonaparte noun US /ˈboʊnəpɑːrt/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading “AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.”

dictating verb US /ˈdɪkteɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “dictate” — issue commands or orders for

From this reading “AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.”

innkeeper noun US /ˈɪnkiːpər/

the owner or manager of an inn

From this reading “He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.”

orthography noun US /ɔːrˈθɑːɡrəfi/

a method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols

From this reading “Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.”

postmaster noun US /ˈpoʊstmæstər/

the person in charge of a post office

From this reading “He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.”

prelate noun US /ˈprelɪt/

a senior clergyman and dignitary

From this reading “Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.”

seminaries noun US /ˈseməneriz/

plural of “seminary” — a private place of education for the young

From this reading “Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.”

seminary noun US /ˈseməneri/

a private place of education for the young

From this reading “Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next day adjective + noun

In this reading “AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.”

young man adjective + noun

a teenager or a young adult male

In this reading “Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.”

early age adjective + noun

In this reading “He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.”

at the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.”

judge from verb + particle

In this reading “Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.”

All words in this reading · 113

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

aides-de-camp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

announcedadjectiveUS /əˈnaʊnst/

declared publicly; made widely known

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

AUGEREAU

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

avenuenounUS /ˈævənuː/

a line of approach

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

BonapartenounUS /ˈboʊnəpɑːrt/

French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821)

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

Bourrienne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

Cahors

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

capricenounUS /kəˈpriːs/

a sudden desire

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

dictatingverbUS /ˈdɪkteɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “dictate” — issue commands or orders for

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

discreetlyadverbUS /dɪˈskriːtli/

with discretion; prudently and with wise self-restraint

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

distinguishverbUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/

mark as different

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

doorsnounUS /dɔːrz/

plural of “door” — a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle

From this reading Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

excellentadjectiveUS /ˈeksələnt/

very good; of the highest quality

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

extendverbUS /ɪkˈstend/

extend in scope or range or area

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

favoritenounUS /ˈfeɪvərɪt/

something regarded with special favor or liking

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

handsomeadjectiveUS /ˈhænsəm/

pleasing in appearance especially by reason of conformity to ideals of form and proportion

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

horsemannounUS /ˈhɔːrsmən/

a man skilled in equitation

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

innkeepernounUS /ˈɪnkiːpər/

the owner or manager of an inn

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

judgeverbUS /dʒʌdʒ/

determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

Labastide

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

LuckilyadverbUS /ˈlʌkəli/

by good fortune

From this reading Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

manageverbUS /ˈmænədʒ/

be successful; achieve a goal

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

Marmont

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

massiveadjectiveUS /ˈmæsɪv/

imposing in size or bulk or solidity

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

Murat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

orthographynounUS /ɔːrˈθɑːɡrəfi/

a method of representing the sounds of a language by written or printed symbols

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

plumeverbUS /pluːm/

rip off; ask an unreasonable price

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

postmasternounUS /ˈpoʊstmæstər/

the person in charge of a post office

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

prelatenounUS /ˈprelɪt/

a senior clergyman and dignitary

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

RevolutionnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

seminariesnounUS /ˈseməneriz/

plural of “seminary” — a private place of education for the young

From this reading Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.

seminarynounUS /ˈseməneri/

a private place of education for the young

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

studiesnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He was the son of an innkeeper of Labastide, near Cahors; and his father being also postmaster, Murat, at an early age, learned how to manage horses, and in time became an excellent horseman.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

twenty-threenounUS /ˈtwentiθriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-two and one

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

unluckilyadverb

by bad luck

From this reading Luckily, or unluckily for him, the Revolution opened the doors of the seminaries.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

wantedadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːntɪd/

desired or wished for or sought

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

wavingnounUS /ˈweɪvɪŋ/

the act of signaling by a movement of the hand

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Then through I know not what caprice of his father's (who probably wanted to have a prelate in the family), he had been sent to a seminary, where, if we may judge from the letters which are lying before us, his studies did not extend so far as to give him a proper knowledge of orthography.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading AUGEREAU On the next day, while Bonaparte was dictating his letters to Bourrienne, Marmont, one of his favorite aides-de-camp, who was discreetly looking out of the window, announced that he could distinguish at the end of the avenue the waving plume of Murat and the somewhat massive form of Augereau.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading Murat was then, as we have said, a handsome young man of twenty-three or four.

Chapter 28 of The Whites and the Blues by Alexandre Dumas holds 282 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of The Whites and the Blues contain?

Chapter 28 holds 282 sentences of The Whites and the Blues, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of The Whites and the Blues by Alexandre Dumas exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 282 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of The Whites and the Blues?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Whites and the Blues

Common questions about reading The Whites and the Blues by Alexandre Dumas on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Whites and the Blues?

Yes. All 11274 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59938 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Whites and the Blues is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59938, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Whites and the Blues take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2255 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Whites and the Blues section by section

How to work through The Whites and the Blues section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of The Whites and the Blues to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Whites and the Blues

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Whites and the Blues, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Whites and the Blues; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Companions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Whites and the Blues; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Romance
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Whites and the Blues; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Written
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Whites and the Blues; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.