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The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts
The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts is here in full — 708 sentences across 142 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/141 · 5 lines
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THE WIDOW's VOW.
AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.
Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.
Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!
A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts is here in full — 708 sentences across 142 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/141 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE WIDOW's VOW.
/ðə ˈwɪdoʊz vaʊ/
Line 2
AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.
Line 3
Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.
Line 4
Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!
Line 5
A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

allied adjective US /əˈlaɪd/

related by common characteristics or ancestry

From this reading “Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!”

bannister noun US /ˈbænəstər/

English runner who in 1954 became the first person to run a mile in less than four minutes (born in 1929)

From this reading “Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.”

caustic adjective US /ˈkɑːstɪk/

harsh or corrosive in tone

From this reading “Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!”

degenerate noun US /dɪˈdʒenərət/

a person whose behavior deviates from what is acceptable especially in sexual behavior

From this reading “Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!”

knaves noun US /neɪvz/

plural of “knave” — a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel

From this reading “Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!”

probe verb US /proʊb/

question or examine thoroughly and closely

From this reading “Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!”

spleen noun US /spliːn/

a large dark-red oval organ on the left side of the body between the stomach and the diaphragm; produces cells involved in immune responses

From this reading “Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!”

WIDOW's noun US /ˈwɪdoʊz/

possessive form of “widow” — a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

From this reading “THE WIDOW's VOW.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

ten thousand noun + noun

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and one thousand

In this reading “Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!”

degenerate days noun + noun

In this reading “Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!”

thousand ways noun + noun

In this reading “Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!”

AT THE THEATRE preposition + article + noun counted as “at … theatre”

In this reading “AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.”

All words in this reading · 56

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

ACTEDverbUS /ˈæktɪd/

past form of “act” — perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.

alliedadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪd/

related by common characteristics or ancestry

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

ASconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.

BANNISTERnounUS /ˈbænəstər/

English runner who in 1954 became the first person to run a mile in less than four minutes (born in 1929)

From this reading Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.

causticadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːstɪk/

harsh or corrosive in tone

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

degeneratenounUS /dɪˈdʒenərət/

a person whose behavior deviates from what is acceptable especially in sexual behavior

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

foolsnounUS /fuːlz/

plural of “fool” — a person who lacks good judgment

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

HAY-MARKET

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.

HOLCROFT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.

ISauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.

ITpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.

jun

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.

knavesnounUS /neɪvz/

plural of “knave” — a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

probeverbUS /proʊb/

question or examine thoroughly and closely

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

Prologues

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

proveverbUS /pruːv/

be shown or be found to be

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

ROYALadjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.

shewverbUS /ʃuː/

establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

spleennounUS /spliːn/

a large dark-red oval organ on the left side of the body between the stomach and the diaphragm; produces cells involved in immune responses

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

SpokenadjectiveUS /ˈspoʊkən/

uttered through the medium of speech or characterized by speech; sometimes used in combination

From this reading Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE WIDOW's VOW.

THEATREnounUS /ˈθiːətər/

a building where theatrical performances or motion-picture shows can be presented

From this reading AS IT IS ACTED AT THE THEATRE ROYAL, _HAY-MARKET_.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

touchverbUS /tʌtʃ/

make physical contact with, come in contact with

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

twistedadjectiveUS /ˈtwɪstɪd/

having an intended meaning altered or misrepresented

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

VOWverbUS /vaʊ/

make a vow; promise

From this reading THE WIDOW's VOW.

waysnounUS /weɪz/

structure consisting of a sloping way down to the water from the place where ships are built or repaired

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

We'll

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

WIDOW'snounUS /ˈwɪdoʊz/

possessive form of “widow” — a woman whose husband is dead especially one who has not remarried

From this reading THE WIDOW's VOW.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

witnounUS /wɪt/

a message whose ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

WrittenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading Written by Mr. HOLCROFT, Spoken by Mr. BANNISTER, jun.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading A different task be ours.--We'll prove that you Are wise and happy.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Prologues, with caustic touch, have often tried To probe your spleen, prove knaves and fools allied; Have twisted words and wit ten thousand ways, To shew that these are most degenerate days!

Chapter 1 of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts by Mrs. Inchbald holds 708 sentences, grouped into 142 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts contain?

Chapter 1 holds 708 sentences of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts, unabridged, divided into 142 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts by Mrs. Inchbald exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 708 sentences, grouped into 142 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts?

Work through the 142 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 142 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts by Mrs. Inchbald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts section by section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of The Widow's Vow: A Farce, in Two Acts, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.