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The Wing-and-Wing
The Wing-and-Wing

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Wing-and-Wing is here in full — 217 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."
_Night Thoughts_ Bolt had not been tried.
His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.
The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.
Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Wing-and-Wing

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of The Wing-and-Wing is here in full — 217 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."
Line 2
_Night Thoughts_ Bolt had not been tried.
/naɪt θɔːts boʊlt hæd nɑːt bɪn traɪd/
Line 3
His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.
/hɪz keɪs hæd ˈsevrəl ˈsɪriəs ˈdɪfəkəltiz ənd ðə ˈɔːrdərz əˈlaʊd ʌv ə dɪˈskreʃən/
Line 4
The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.
/ðə ˈpʌnɪʃmənt kʊd ˈskersli biː les ðæn deθ ənd ɪn əˈdɪʃən tuː ðə lɔːs ʌv ə staʊt ˈsɪnjuːi mæn ɪt ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd ˈkwestʃənz ʌv ˈnætʃərəl raɪt ðæt wɜːr nɑːt ˈɔːlweɪz ˈplezənt tuː biː kənˈsɪdərd/
Line 5
Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.
/ˌɔːlˈðoʊ ðə ˌɪmˈpresmənt ʌv əˈmerəkən ˈsiːmən ˈɪntuː ðə ˈbrɪtɪʃ ʃɪps ʌv wɔːr wɑːz ˈprɑːbəbliː wʌn ʌv ðə moʊst ˈsɪriəs ˈmɔːrəl æz wel æz pəˈlɪtəkəl rɔːŋz ðæt wʌn ˌɪndɪˈpendənt ˈneɪʃən ˈevər rəˈsiːvd æt ðə hændz ʌv əˈnʌðər vjuːd æz ə ˈpræktəs ʌv ə ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz kənˈtɪnjuːəns ɪt wɑːz nɑːt ˈhoʊli wɪˈθaʊt sʌm rɪˈliːvɪŋ pɔɪnts/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

continuance noun US /kənˈtɪnjuːəns/

the act of continuing an activity without interruption

From this reading “Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.”

generation's noun US /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

possessive form of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading “Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.”

hooted verb US /ˈhuːtɪd/

past form of “hoot” — to utter a loud clamorous shout

From this reading “"The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."”

impressment noun US /ˌɪmˈpresmənt/

the act of coercing someone into government service

From this reading “Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.”

relieving verb US /rɪˈliːvɪŋ/

-ing form of “relieve” — provide physical relief, as from pain

From this reading “Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.”

scorned adjective US /skɔːrnd/

treated with dislike or contempt

From this reading “"The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."”

seamen noun US /ˈsiːmən/

plural of “seaman” — a man who serves as a sailor

From this reading “Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.”

sinewy adjective US /ˈsɪnjuːi/

(of meat) full of sinews; especially impossible to chew

From this reading “The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.”

All words in this reading · 91

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.

additionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

a component that is added to something to improve it

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

allowedverbUS /əˈlaʊd/

past form of “allow” — make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen

From this reading His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading _Night Thoughts_ Bolt had not been tried.

BoltnounUS /boʊlt/

a discharge of lightning accompanied by thunder

From this reading _Night Thoughts_ Bolt had not been tried.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

contentsnounUS /ˈkɑːntents/

(usually plural) everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

continuancenounUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəns/

the act of continuing an activity without interruption

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

difficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.

discretionnounUS /dɪˈskreʃən/

freedom to act or judge on one's own

From this reading His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

generation'snounUS /ˌdʒenərˈeɪʃənz/

possessive form of “generation” — all the people living at the same time or of approximately the same age

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading _Night Thoughts_ Bolt had not been tried.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

hootedverbUS /ˈhuːtɪd/

past form of “hoot” — to utter a loud clamorous shout

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

impressmentnounUS /ˌɪmˈpresmənt/

the act of coercing someone into government service

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

independentadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/

free from external control and constraint

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

involvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd/

connected by participation or association or use

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

Isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

lossnounUS /lɔːs/

something that is lost

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

NightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading _Night Thoughts_ Bolt had not been tried.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading _Night Thoughts_ Bolt had not been tried.

nudities

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

ordersnounUS /ˈɔːrdərz/

plural of “order” — (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.

pleasantadjectiveUS /ˈplezənt/

affording pleasure; being in harmony with your taste or likings

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

practicenounUS /ˈpræktəs/

a customary way of operation or behavior

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

punishmentnounUS /ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/

the act of punishing

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

questionsnounUS /ˈkwestʃənz/

plural of “question” — an instance of questioning

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

relievingverbUS /rɪˈliːvɪŋ/

-ing form of “relieve” — provide physical relief, as from pain

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

scornedadjectiveUS /skɔːrnd/

treated with dislike or contempt

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

seamennounUS /ˈsiːmən/

plural of “seaman” — a man who serves as a sailor

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

seriousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪriəs/

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading His case had several serious difficulties, and the orders allowed of a discretion.

shipsnounUS /ʃɪps/

plural of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

sinewyadjectiveUS /ˈsɪnjuːi/

(of meat) full of sinews; especially impossible to chew

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

stoutadjectiveUS /staʊt/

dependable

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

there's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

ThoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading _Night Thoughts_ Bolt had not been tried.

title-page

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

triedadjectiveUS /traɪd/

tested and proved useful or correct

From this reading _Night Thoughts_ Bolt had not been tried.

viewedverbUS /vjuːd/

past form of “view” — deem to be

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The punishment could scarcely be less than death, and, in addition to the loss of a stout, sinewy man, it involved questions of natural right, that were not always pleasant to be considered.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

whollyadverbUS /ˈhoʊli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

world'snounUS /wɜːrldz/

possessive form of “world” — everything that exists anywhere

From this reading "The world's all title-page; there's no contents; The world's all face; the man who shows his heart, Is hooted for his nudities, and scorned."

wrongsnounUS /rɔːŋz/

plural of “wrong” — that which is contrary to the principles of justice or law

From this reading Although the impressment of American seamen into the British ships of war was probably one of the most serious moral as well as political wrongs that one independent nation ever received at the hands of another, viewed as a practice of a generation's continuance it was not wholly without some relieving points.

Chapter 19 of The Wing-and-Wing by James Fenimore Cooper holds 217 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of The Wing-and-Wing contain?

Chapter 19 holds 217 sentences of The Wing-and-Wing, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of The Wing-and-Wing by James Fenimore Cooper exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 217 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of The Wing-and-Wing?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Wing-and-Wing

Common questions about reading The Wing-and-Wing by James Fenimore Cooper on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Wing-and-Wing?

Yes. All 6427 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #11957 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Wing-and-Wing is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #11957, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Wing-and-Wing take to read?

About 535 minutes of reading across 1286 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Wing-and-Wing section by section

How to work through The Wing-and-Wing section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of The Wing-and-Wing to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Wing-and-Wing

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Wing-and-Wing, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Filled
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Wing-and-Wing; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Heaven
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Wing-and-Wing; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Comes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Wing-and-Wing; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Waters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Wing-and-Wing; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.