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The wolf trail
The wolf trail

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The wolf trail is here in full — 516 sentences across 104 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/103 · 5 lines
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THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.
The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.
At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.
He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.
One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The wolf trail

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of The wolf trail is here in full — 516 sentences across 104 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/103 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.
Line 2
The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.
/ðə ˈhɑːrvəst ʌv ðə waɪld fruːt ðə ˈkʌtɪŋ ʌv nuː lɑːdʒ poʊlz tuː ˌriːˈpleɪs ðoʊz wɔːrn ʃɔːrt əˈpɑːn ðə treɪlz ənd ðə ˈrɪtʃuːəlz ʌv ðə ˈmedəsən lɑːdʒ fɪld ðə ˈʃɔːrtənɪŋ deɪz ənˈtɪl ðə ˈæspən liːvz wɜːr ɔːl ə ˈkwɪvərɪŋ ɡoʊld ənd ðə ˈfrɔːsti ˈiːvnɪŋz wɜːr ˈɡɪvən tuː fiːsts ɔːr ˈdænsɪŋ/
Line 3
At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.
Line 4
He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.
Line 5
One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.
/wʌn keɡ ʌv ˈlɪkər hiː ɡeɪv tuː ðə ˈkaʊnsəl lɑːdʒ dɪˈspoʊzɪŋ fɔːr ðæt naɪt ʌv ðə ˈtraɪbəl ˈɡʌvərmənt bʌt ðə kroʊ nuː ˈnʌθɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈblækfʊt ˈlæŋɡwədʒ wɑːz def tuː ɔːl enˈtriːtiz ʌv ðə ˈwɔːriərz fɔːr treɪd ɔːr drɪŋks/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aspen noun US /ˈæspən/

any of several trees of the genus Populus having leaves on flattened stalks so that they flutter in the lightest wind

From this reading “The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.”

Blackfoot noun US /ˈblækfʊt/

a member of a warlike group of Algonquians living in the northwestern plains

From this reading “One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.”

Bloods noun US /blʌdz/

plural of “blood” — the fluid (red in vertebrates) that is pumped through the body by the heart and contains plasma, blood cells, and platelets

From this reading “At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.”

disposing verb US /dɪˈspoʊzɪŋ/

-ing form of “dispose” — give, sell, or transfer to another

From this reading “One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.”

keg noun US /keɡ/

the quantity contained in a keg

From this reading “One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.”

rituals noun US /ˈrɪtʃuːəlz/

plural of “ritual” — any customary observance or practice

From this reading “The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.”

shortening noun US /ˈʃɔːrtənɪŋ/

fat such as butter or lard used in baked goods

From this reading “The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.”

tribal adjective US /ˈtraɪbəl/

relating to or characteristic of a tribe

From this reading “One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

wild fruit adjective + noun

In this reading “The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.”

at sunset preposition + noun

In this reading “He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.”

All words in this reading · 121

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

arrivalnounUS /ərˈaɪvəl/

accomplishment of an objective

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

aspennounUS /ˈæspən/

any of several trees of the genus Populus having leaves on flattened stalks so that they flutter in the lightest wind

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

BentonnounUS /ˈbentən/

United States artist whose paintings portrayed life in the Midwest and South (1889-1975)

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

BerriesnounUS /ˈberiz/

plural of “berry” — any of numerous small and pulpy edible fruits; used as desserts or in making jams and jellies and preserves

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

besetverbUS /bɪˈset/

annoy continually or chronically

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

Blackfeet

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

BlackfootnounUS /ˈblækfʊt/

a member of a warlike group of Algonquians living in the northwestern plains

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

BloodsnounUS /blʌdz/

plural of “blood” — the fluid (red in vertebrates) that is pumped through the body by the heart and contains plasma, blood cells, and platelets

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

buffalonounUS /ˈbʌfəloʊ/

large shaggy-haired brown bison of North American plains

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

cleanedverbUS /kliːnd/

past form of “clean” — make clean by removing dirt, filth, or unwanted substances from

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

CouncilnounUS /ˈkaʊnsəl/

a body serving in an administrative capacity

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

CrowverbUS /kroʊ/

dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

cuttingnounUS /ˈkʌtɪŋ/

the activity of selecting the scenes to be shown and putting them together to create a film

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

dancingnounUS /ˈdænsɪŋ/

taking a series of rhythmical steps (and movements) in time to music

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

day'snounUS /deɪz/

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

deafadjectiveUS /def/

lacking or deprived of the sense of hearing wholly or in part

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

demandingadjectiveUS /dɪˈmændɪŋ/

requiring more than usually expected or thought due; especially great patience and effort and skill

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

disposingverbUS /dɪˈspoʊzɪŋ/

-ing form of “dispose” — give, sell, or transfer to another

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

drinksnounUS /drɪŋks/

plural of “drink” — a single serving of a beverage

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

early-summer

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

entreatiesnounUS /enˈtriːtiz/

plural of “entreaty” — earnest or urgent request

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

eveningsnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋz/

plural of “evening” — the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

feastsnounUS /fiːsts/

plural of “feast” — a ceremonial dinner party for many people

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

fivenounUS /faɪv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of four and one

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

FortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

frostyadjectiveUS /ˈfrɔːsti/

devoid of warmth and cordiality; expressive of unfriendliness or disdain

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

fruitnounUS /fruːt/

the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

goldnounUS /ɡoʊld/

coins made of gold

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

harvestnounUS /ˈhɑːrvəst/

the yield from plants in a single growing season

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

huntverbUS /hʌnt/

pursue for food or sport (as of wild animals)

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

kegnounUS /keɡ/

the quantity contained in a keg

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

lakesnounUS /leɪks/

plural of “lake” — a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

leavesnounUS /liːvz/

plural of “leaf” — the main organ of photosynthesis and transpiration in higher plants

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

leenounUS /liː/

United States filmmaker whose works explore the richness of black culture in America (born in 1957)

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

liquornounUS /ˈlɪkər/

an alcoholic beverage that is distilled rather than fermented

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

lodgeverbUS /lɑːdʒ/

be a lodger; stay temporarily

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

marchverbUS /mɑːrtʃ/

march in a procession

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

meadowsnounUS /ˈmedoʊz/

plural of “meadow” — a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

MedicinenounUS /ˈmedəsən/

the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

MoonnounUS /muːn/

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

movedadjectiveUS /muːvd/

being excited or provoked to the expression of an emotion

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

Piegan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

Piegans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

polesnounUS /poʊlz/

plural of “pole” — a long (usually round) rod of wood or metal or plastic

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

quiveringnounUS /ˈkwɪvərɪŋ/

a shaky motion

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

replaceverbUS /ˌriːˈpleɪs/

substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

ritualsnounUS /ˈrɪtʃuːəlz/

plural of “ritual” — any customary observance or practice

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

robesnounUS /roʊbz/

plural of “robe” — any loose flowing garment

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

shortadjectiveUS /ʃɔːrt/

primarily temporal sense; indicating or being or seeming to be limited in duration

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

shorteningnounUS /ˈʃɔːrtənɪŋ/

fat such as butter or lard used in baked goods

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

SpinenounUS /spaɪn/

the series of vertebrae forming the axis of the skeleton and protecting the spinal cord

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

sunsetnounUS /ˈsʌnset/

the time in the evening at which the sun begins to fall below the horizon

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

timbernounUS /ˈtɪmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

trailsnounUS /treɪlz/

plural of “trail” — a track or mark left by something that has passed

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

TRANSLATIONnounUS /trænzˈleɪʃən/

a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

tribaladjectiveUS /ˈtraɪbəl/

relating to or characteristic of a tribe

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

tribenounUS /traɪb/

a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

tribesnounUS /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

villagesnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒəz/

plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

wagonsnounUS /ˈwæɡənz/

plural of “wagon” — any of various kinds of wheeled vehicles drawn by an animal or a tractor

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

warriorsnounUS /ˈwɔːriərz/

plural of “warrior” — someone engaged in or experienced in warfare

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One keg of liquor he gave to the Council Lodge, disposing for that night of the tribal government; but the Crow knew nothing of the Blackfoot language, was deaf to all entreaties of the warriors for trade or drinks.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He reached the Piegan village at sunset after a long day's march, beset on his arrival by the men of the tribe who brought robes demanding drinks.

wildadjectiveUS /waɪld/

marked by extreme lack of restraint or control

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At that season the Crow cleaned out the Blackfeet and the Bloods, taking their robes to Fort Benton, then with five wagons came to the Piegans.

WorldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading THE TRANSLATION From the spring and early-summer buffalo hunt, the robes were not all dressed before the Moon of Berries, when the tribes moved into the lee of the World Spine, to set their villages in river meadows between the lakes and the timber.

wornverbUS /wɔːrn/

Damaged or thinned by continuous use.

From this reading The harvest of the wild fruit, the cutting of new lodge poles to replace those worn short upon the trails, and the rituals of the Medicine Lodge, filled the shortening days until the aspen leaves were all a quivering gold, and the frosty evenings were given to feasts or dancing.

Chapter 10 of The wolf trail by Roger Pocock holds 516 sentences, grouped into 104 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of The wolf trail contain?

Chapter 10 holds 516 sentences of The wolf trail, unabridged, divided into 104 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of The wolf trail by Roger Pocock exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 516 sentences, grouped into 104 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of The wolf trail?

Work through the 104 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 104 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in The wolf trail

Words and structures a reader meets early in The wolf trail, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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