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The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II
The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II
Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.
_Flor_.
Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.
_King_.
Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.
Line 2
_Flor_.
Line 3
Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.
Line 4
_King_.
/kɪŋ/
Line 5
Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?
/wer lɜːrnt juː ˈferɪst soʊ mʌtʃ ˈkruːlti tuː tʃɑːrdʒ miː wɪð ðə ˈpaʊər ʌv ˈɪndʒərɪŋ ðiː/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cruelty noun US /ˈkruːlti/

a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering

From this reading “Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?”

Fairest adjective US /ˈferɪst/

superlative of “fair” — free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading “Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?”

injuring verb US /ˈɪndʒərɪŋ/

-ing form of “injure” — cause injuries or bodily harm to

From this reading “Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?”

learnt verb US /lɜːrnt/

inflected form of “learn” — gain knowledge or skills

From this reading “Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?”

merciful adjective US /ˈmɜːrsɪfəl/

showing or giving mercy

From this reading “Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.”

preserve verb US /prəˈzɜːrv/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading “Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.”

retain verb US /rɪˈteɪn/

hold back within

From this reading “Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.”

Sighs noun US /saɪz/

plural of “sigh” — an utterance made by exhaling audibly

From this reading “Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

Ah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading _Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

breatheverbUS /briːð/

draw air into, and expel out of, the lungs

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

crueladjectiveUS /ˈkruːəl/

(of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

CrueltynounUS /ˈkruːlti/

a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

DeathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

DutynounUS /ˈduːti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

dyingadjectiveUS /ˈdaɪɪŋ/

in or associated with the process of passing from life or ceasing to be

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

EnterverbUS /ˈentər/

to come or go into

From this reading _Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.

FairestadjectiveUS /ˈferɪst/

superlative of “fair” — free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading _Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.

FearsnounUS /fɪrz/

plural of “fear” — an emotion experienced in anticipation of some specific pain or danger (usually accompanied by a desire to flee or fight)

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

FeetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

Flor

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Flor_.

Florella

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.

GodsnounUS /ɡɑːdz/

plural of “god” — the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

HonournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.

injuringverbUS /ˈɪndʒərɪŋ/

-ing form of “injure” — cause injuries or bodily harm to

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading _Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.

leadingadjectiveUS /ˈliːdɪŋ/

indicating the most important performer or role

From this reading _Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.

learntverbUS /lɜːrnt/

inflected form of “learn” — gain knowledge or skills

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

mercifuladjectiveUS /ˈmɜːrsɪfəl/

showing or giving mercy

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

PowernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

preserveverbUS /prəˈzɜːrv/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

quicklyadverbUS /ˈkwɪkli/

with speed

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

retainverbUS /rɪˈteɪn/

hold back within

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

SighsnounUS /saɪz/

plural of “sigh” — an utterance made by exhaling audibly

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

ThanksnounUS /θæŋks/

an acknowledgment of appreciation

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Enter the_ King, _leading in_ Florella _all in fear_.

theepronounUS /ðiː/

an old word for “you”, as the object, speaking to one person

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Where learnt you, Fairest, so much Cruelty To charge me with the Power of injuring thee?

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Ah, Sir, the Gods and you would be more merciful, If by a Death less cruel than my Fears, You would preserve my Honour; begin it quickly, And after that I will retain my Duty, And at your Feet breathe Thanks in dying Sighs.

Chapter 4 of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II by Aphra Behn holds 393 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II contain?

Chapter 4 holds 393 sentences of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II by Aphra Behn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 393 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II

Common questions about reading The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II by Aphra Behn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II?

Yes. All 13266 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8885 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #8885, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2654 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II section by section

How to work through The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Spain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Having
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Conquered
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Killed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Aphra Behn, Volume II; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.