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The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08
The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08 is here in full — 360 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08
Context Illustration Reading 1/72 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.
_Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.
Your pardon, royal sir.
_Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.
[XIMENA _whispers_ ALPHONSO _for a moment_.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08

Chapter XIV

Chapter 14 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08 is here in full — 360 sentences across 72 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/72 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.
Line 2
_Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.
Line 3
Your pardon, royal sir.
/jɔːr ˈpɑːrdən ˈrɔɪəl sɜːr/
Line 4
_Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.
Line 5
[XIMENA _whispers_ ALPHONSO _for a moment_.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ado noun US /əˈduː/

a rapid active commotion

From this reading “_Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.”

combat noun US /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading “_Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.”

conquer verb US /ˈkɑːŋkər/

bring under control by force or authority

From this reading “_Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.”

coped verb US /koʊpt/

past form of “cope” — succeed in doing, achieving, or producing (something) with the limited or inadequate means available

From this reading “_Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.”

engage verb US /enˈɡeɪdʒ/

carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading “_Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.”

kings noun US /kɪŋz/

plural of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading “_Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.”

prerogative noun US /prɪˈrɑːɡətɪv/

a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right)

From this reading “_Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.”

whispers noun US /ˈwɪspərz/

plural of “whisper” — speaking softly without vibration of the vocal cords

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

coped with verb + particle counted as “cope with”

In this reading “_Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.”

for a moment preposition + article + noun counted as “for … moment”

temporarily

In this reading “[XIMENA _whispers_ ALPHONSO _for a moment_.”

old men adjective + noun

In this reading “_Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

adonounUS /əˈduː/

a rapid active commotion

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

Alph

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

ALPHONSO

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [XIMENA _whispers_ ALPHONSO _for a moment_.

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

combatnounUS /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

conquerverbUS /ˈkɑːŋkər/

bring under control by force or authority

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

copedverbUS /koʊpt/

past form of “cope” — succeed in doing, achieving, or producing (something) with the limited or inadequate means available

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

engageverbUS /enˈɡeɪdʒ/

carry out or participate in an activity; be involved in

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

fearverbUS /fɪr/

be afraid or feel anxious or apprehensive about a possible or probable situation or event

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading [XIMENA _whispers_ ALPHONSO _for a moment_.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

heavennounUS /ˈhevən/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

kingsnounUS /kɪŋz/

plural of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading [XIMENA _whispers_ ALPHONSO _for a moment_.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

pardonverbUS /ˈpɑːrdən/

accept an excuse for

From this reading Your pardon, royal sir.

parentsnounUS /ˈperənts/

plural of “parent” — a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

prerogativenounUS /prɪˈrɑːɡətɪv/

a right reserved exclusively by a particular person or group (especially a hereditary or official right)

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

pricenounUS /praɪs/

the property of having material worth (often indicated by the amount of money something would bring if sold)

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

royaladjectiveUS /ˈrɔɪəl/

of or relating to or indicative of or issued or performed by a king or queen or other monarch

From this reading Your pardon, royal sir.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

sirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Your pardon, royal sir.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

Ver

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

Vera

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Vera._ I give it you; Your battle now is paid at the full price.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

whispersnounUS /ˈwɪspərz/

plural of “whisper” — speaking softly without vibration of the vocal cords

From this reading [XIMENA _whispers_ ALPHONSO _for a moment_.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading _Alph._ The world knows how I fought: But old men have prerogative of tongue, And kings of power, and parents that of nature.

XIMENA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [XIMENA _whispers_ ALPHONSO _for a moment_.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading _Ver._ By heaven, I think, That, when you coped with him in single fight, You had so much ado to conquer then, You fear to engage him in a second combat.

YourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading Your pardon, royal sir.

Chapter 14 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08 by John Dryden holds 360 sentences, grouped into 72 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08 contain?

Chapter 14 holds 360 sentences of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08, unabridged, divided into 72 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08 by John Dryden exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 360 sentences, grouped into 72 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08?

Work through the 72 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 72 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #47679, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 515 minutes of reading across 1238 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Eighteen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Volumes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Walter
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scott
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 08; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.