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The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15
The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15 is here in full — 2310 sentences across 462 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/462 · 5 lines
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ARGUMENT.
_Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.
He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.
As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.
Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15 is here in full — 2310 sentences across 462 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/462 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ARGUMENT.
/ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/
Line 2
_Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.
Line 3
He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.
Line 4
As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.
Line 5
Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.
/ˈtrembəlɪŋ wɪð reɪdʒ ərˈaʊnd ðə kɔːrt hiː ræn æt leŋkθ əˈproʊtʃt ðə kɪŋ ənd ðʌs bɪˈɡæn noʊ mɔːr ɪksˈkjuːsɪz ɔːr dɪˈleɪz aɪ stænd ɪn ɑːrmz priˈperd tuː ˈkɑːmbæt hænd tuː hænd ðɪs beɪs ˈdezərtər ʌv hɪz ˈneɪtɪv lænd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

challenges noun US /ˈtʃæləndʒɪz/

plural of “challenge” — a demanding or stimulating situation

From this reading “_Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.”

erects verb US /ɪˈrekts/

third-person singular of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading “As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.”

expire verb US /ɪkˈspaɪr/

lose validity

From this reading “As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.”

javelin noun US /ˈdʒævələn/

an athletic competition in which a javelin is thrown as far as possible

From this reading “As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.”

Latins noun US /ˈlætənz/

plural of “latin” — any dialect of the language of ancient Rome

From this reading “He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.”

Libyan noun US /ˈlɪbiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Libya

From this reading “As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.”

quelled adjective US /kweld/

subdued or overcome

From this reading “He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.”

wrenches noun US /ˈrentʃɪz/

plural of “wrench” — a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments

From this reading “As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

single combat adjective + noun

a fight between two people

In this reading “_Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.”

native land adjective + noun

the country where you were born

In this reading “Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.”

At length preposition + noun

in a lengthy or prolix manner

In this reading “Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.”

with rage preposition + noun

In this reading “Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.”

clouds of verb + particle counted as “cloud of”

In this reading “As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.”

All words in this reading · 137

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

agreedadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːd/

united by being of the same opinion

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

approachedverbUS /əˈproʊtʃt/

past form of “approach” — move towards

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

ARGUMENTnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənt/

a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading ARGUMENT.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

armsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

basenounUS /beɪs/

installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

beastnounUS /biːst/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

boiledadjectiveUS /bɔɪld/

cooked in hot water

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

breastnounUS /brest/

the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

challengesnounUS /ˈtʃæləndʒɪz/

plural of “challenge” — a demanding or stimulating situation

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

chaseverbUS /tʃeɪs/

go after with the intent to catch

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

cloudsnounUS /klaʊdz/

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

combatnounUS /ˈkɑːmbæt/

an engagement fought between two military forces

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

concludesverbUS /kənˈkluːdz/

third-person singular of “conclude” — decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

courtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

curedadjectiveUS /kjʊrd/

freed from illness or injury

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

debateverbUS /dəˈbeɪt/

argue with one another

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

delaysnounUS /dɪˈleɪz/

plural of “delay” — time during which some action is awaited

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

deserternounUS /ˈdezərtər/

a disloyal person who betrays or deserts his cause or religion or political party or friend etc.

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

doubleverbUS /ˈdʌbəl/

increase twofold

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

duelnounUS /ˈduːəl/

a prearranged fight with deadly weapons by two people (accompanied by seconds) in order to settle a quarrel over a point of honor

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

erectsverbUS /ɪˈrekts/

third-person singular of “erect” — construct, build, or erect

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

excusesnounUS /ɪksˈkjuːsɪz/

plural of “excuse” — a defense of some offensive behavior or some failure to keep a promise etc.

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

expireverbUS /ɪkˈspaɪr/

lose validity

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

eyeballsnounUS /ˈaɪbɔːlz/

plural of “eyeball” — the ball-shaped capsule containing the vertebrate eye

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

faresnounUS /ferz/

plural of “fare” — an agenda of things to do

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

fieldnounUS /fiːld/

a piece of land cleared of trees and usually enclosed

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

flashverbUS /flæʃ/

gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

furynounUS /ˈfjʊri/

a feeling of intense anger

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

hatenounUS /heɪt/

the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

haughtyadjectiveUS /ˈhɔːti/

having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

HimselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

javelinnounUS /ˈdʒævələn/

an athletic competition in which a javelin is thrown as far as possible

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

kingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

lashesnounUS /ˈlæʃɪz/

plural of “lash” — any of the short curved hairs that grow from the edges of the eyelids

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

LatinsnounUS /ˈlætənz/

plural of “latin” — any dialect of the language of ancient Rome

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

LibyannounUS /ˈlɪbiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Libya

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

lionnounUS /ˈlaɪən/

large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

lordlyadjectiveUS /ˈlɔːrdliː/

of or befitting a lord

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

makesnounUS /meɪks/

plural of “make” — a recognizable kind

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

manenounUS /meɪn/

long coarse hair growing from the crest of the animal's neck

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

markverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

mends

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

miraculouslyadverbUS /mərˈækjələsli/

in a miraculous manner

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

nostrilsnounUS /ˈnɑːstrəlz/

plural of “nostril” — either one of the two external openings to the nasal cavity in the nose

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

oppressedadjectiveUS /əˈprest/

burdened psychologically or mentally

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

pacenounUS /peɪs/

the rate of moving (especially walking or running)

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

painnounUS /peɪn/

a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

pierceverbUS /pɪrs/

cut or make a way through

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

poemnounUS /ˈpoʊəm/

a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

pointedadjectiveUS /ˈpɔɪntɪd/

having a point

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

pridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

promisedverbUS /ˈprɑːməst/

past form of “promise” — make a promise or commitment

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

quelledadjectiveUS /kweld/

subdued or overcome

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

questionedverbUS /ˈkwestʃənd/

past form of “question” — challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

ragenounUS /reɪdʒ/

a feeling of intense anger

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

returnsnounUS /rɪˈtɜːrnz/

plural of “return” — document giving the tax collector information about the taxpayer's tax liability

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

roarsnounUS /rɔːrz/

plural of “roar” — a deep prolonged loud noise

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

rousedverbUS /raʊzd/

past form of “rouse” — become active

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

Rutuli

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

singleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

smokenounUS /smoʊk/

a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

SoconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

sourverbUS /ˈsaʊər/

go sour or spoil

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

swains

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

ThroughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

TremblingnounUS /ˈtrembəlɪŋ/

a shaky motion

From this reading Trembling with rage, around the court he ran, At length approached the king, and thus began:-- "No more excuses or delays: I stand } In arms prepared to combat, hand to hand, } This base deserter of his native land.

Turnus

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

VenusnounUS /ˈviːnəs/

the second nearest planet to the sun

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

vigournoun

forceful exertion

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

vulgaradjectiveUS /ˈvʌlɡər/

lacking refinement or cultivation or taste

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading He is miraculously cured by Venus, forces Turnus to a duel, and concludes the poem with his death._ When Turnus saw the Latins leave the field, Their armies broken, and their courage quelled, Himself become the mark of public spite, His honour questioned for the promised fight-- The more he was with vulgar hate oppressed, The more his fury boiled within his breast: He roused his vigour for the last debate, And raised his haughty soul, to meet his fate.

woundnounUS /waʊnd/

an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

wrenchesnounUS /ˈrentʃɪz/

plural of “wrench” — a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments

From this reading As, when the swains the Libyan lion chase, He makes a sour retreat, nor mends his pace; But, if the pointed javelin pierce his side, The lordly beast returns with double pride: He wrenches out the steel, he roars for pain, His sides he lashes, and erects his mane: So Turnus fares: his eyeballs flash with fire; Through his wide nostrils clouds of smoke expire.

Æneas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _Turnus challenges Æneas to a single combat: articles are agreed on, but broken by the Rutuli, who wound Æneas.

Chapter 5 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15 by John Dryden holds 2310 sentences, grouped into 462 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15 contain?

Chapter 5 holds 2310 sentences of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15, unabridged, divided into 462 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15 by John Dryden exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 2310 sentences, grouped into 462 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15?

Work through the 462 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 462 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15 by John Dryden on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15?

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Project Gutenberg eBook #47641, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 327 minutes of reading across 786 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Argument
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Being
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Begun
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Generals
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of John Dryden, Now First Collected — Volume 15; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.