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The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry
The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry is here in full — 513 sentences across 103 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/102 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
[134] I.
[The slain were borne on their shields.
Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.
MS.
31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry is here in full — 513 sentences across 103 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/102 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
[134] I.
Line 2
[The slain were borne on their shields.
/ðə sleɪn wɜːr bɔːrn ɑːn ðer ʃiːldz/
Line 3
Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.
Line 4
MS.
/mɪz/
Line 5
31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

buckler noun US /ˈbʌkələr/

armor carried on the arm to intercept blows

From this reading “Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.”

delivered verb US /dɪˈlɪvərd/

past form of “deliver” — deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading “Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.”

reviving adjective US /rɪˈvaɪvɪŋ/

tending to impart new life and vigor to

shields noun US /ʃiːldz/

plural of “shield” — a protective covering or structure

From this reading “[The slain were borne on their shields.”

slain noun US /sleɪn/

people who have been slain (as in battle)

From this reading “[The slain were borne on their shields.”

Spartan adjective US /ˈspɑːrtən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Sparta or its people

From this reading “Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.”

tastes noun US /teɪsts/

plural of “taste” — the sensation that results when taste buds in the tongue and throat convey information about the chemical composition of a soluble stimulus

tread verb US /tred/

put down or press the foot, place the foot

From this reading “31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]”

All words in this reading · 36

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

134

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [134] I.

31,038

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

Addit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

borneverbUS /bɔːrn/

inflected form of “bear” — have

From this reading [The slain were borne on their shields.

bucklernounUS /ˈbʌkələr/

armor carried on the arm to intercept blows

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

CnounUS /siː/

a degree on the centigrade scale of temperature

From this reading 31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

deliveredverbUS /dɪˈlɪvərd/

past form of “deliver” — deliver (a speech, oration, or idea)

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading [134] I.

life-blood

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

MnounUS /em/

the basic unit of length adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites (approximately 1.094 yards)

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

mother'snounUS /ˈmʌðərz/

possessive form of “mother” — a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

MSnounUS /mɪz/

a chronic progressive nervous disorder involving loss of myelin sheath around certain nerve fibers

From this reading MS.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading 31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading [The slain were borne on their shields.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

revivingadjectiveUS /rɪˈvaɪvɪŋ/

tending to impart new life and vigor to

From this reading 31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

shieldsnounUS /ʃiːldz/

plural of “shield” — a protective covering or structure

From this reading [The slain were borne on their shields.

slainnounUS /sleɪn/

people who have been slain (as in battle)

From this reading [The slain were borne on their shields.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

SpartanadjectiveUS /ˈspɑːrtən/

of or relating to or characteristic of Sparta or its people

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

speechnounUS /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

tastesnounUS /teɪsts/

plural of “taste” — the sensation that results when taste buds in the tongue and throat convey information about the chemical composition of a soluble stimulus

From this reading 31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading [The slain were borne on their shields.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading [The slain were borne on their shields.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

treadverbUS /tred/

put down or press the foot, place the foot

From this reading 31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

viinoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of six and one

From this reading 31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

viiinoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of seven and one

From this reading 31,038).] [vii] _My life-blood tastes_----.--[M.C.] [viii] _I tread reviving_----.--[M.C.]

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading [The slain were borne on their shields.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

WitnessnounUS /ˈwɪtnəs/

someone who sees an event and reports what happened

From this reading Witness the Spartan mother's speech to her son, delivered with his buckler: "either _with_ this _or on_ this" (B.M. Addit.

Chapter 4 of The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry by George Gordon Byron, Baron Byron holds 513 sentences, grouped into 103 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry contain?

Chapter 4 holds 513 sentences of The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry, unabridged, divided into 103 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry by George Gordon Byron, Baron Byron exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 513 sentences, grouped into 103 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Works of Lord Byron, Vol. 7. Poetry?

Work through the 103 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 103 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 22155 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27577 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #27577, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 600 minutes of reading across 4431 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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