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The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04
The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 is here in full — 425 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04
Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."
Lady of the Lake, Canto v.
9.
[2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."
Lord Byron's Euthanasia.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 is here in full — 425 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."
Line 2
Lady of the Lake, Canto v.
/ˈleɪdi ʌv ðə leɪk ˈkæntoʊ viː/
Line 3
9.
Line 4
[2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."
Line 5
Lord Byron's Euthanasia.
/lɔːrd ˈbaɪrənz ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bracken noun US /ˈbrækən/

fern of southeastern Asia; not hardy in cold temperate regions

From this reading “"From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."”

bristling verb US /ˈbrɪsəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “bristle” — be in a state of movement or action

From this reading “"From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."”

Byron's noun US /ˈbaɪrənz/

possessive form of “byron” — English romantic poet notorious for his rebellious and unconventional lifestyle (1788-1824)

From this reading “Lord Byron's Euthanasia.”

Canto noun US /ˈkæntoʊ/

the highest part (usually the melody) in a piece of choral music

From this reading “Lady of the Lake, Canto v.”

dart verb US /dɑːrt/

move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading “"From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."”

Euthanasia noun US /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

the act of killing someone painlessly (especially someone suffering from an incurable illness)

From this reading “Lord Byron's Euthanasia.”

shingles noun US /ˈʃɪŋɡəlz/

eruptions along a nerve path often accompanied by severe neuralgia

From this reading “"From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."”

wand noun US /wɑːnd/

a rod used by a magician or water diviner

From this reading “"From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."”

All words in this reading · 52

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

9

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 9.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

anguishnounUS /ˈæŋɡwɪʃ/

extreme mental distress

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

Areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

axenounUS /æks/

an edge tool with a heavy bladed head mounted across a handle

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

brackennounUS /ˈbrækən/

fern of southeastern Asia; not hardy in cold temperate regions

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

brandnounUS /brænd/

a name given to a product or service

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

bristlingverbUS /ˈbrɪsəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “bristle” — be in a state of movement or action

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

bushnounUS /bʊʃ/

a low woody perennial plant usually having several major stems

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

Byron'snounUS /ˈbaɪrənz/

possessive form of “byron” — English romantic poet notorious for his rebellious and unconventional lifestyle (1788-1824)

From this reading Lord Byron's Euthanasia.

CantonounUS /ˈkæntoʊ/

the highest part (usually the melody) in a piece of choral music

From this reading Lady of the Lake, Canto v.

CountverbUS /kaʊnt/

determine the number or amount of

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

dartverbUS /dɑːrt/

move along rapidly and lightly; skim or dart

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

EuthanasianounUS /ˌjuːθəˈneɪʒə/

the act of killing someone painlessly (especially someone suffering from an incurable illness)

From this reading Lord Byron's Euthanasia.

forthadverbUS /fɔːrθ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

greyadjectiveUS /ɡreɪ/

of an achromatic color of any lightness intermediate between the extremes of white and black

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

hastauxiliary verbUS /hæst/

an old form of “have”, used with “thou”

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

joysnounUS /dʒɔɪz/

plural of “joy” — the emotion of great happiness

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading Lady of the Lake, Canto v.

LakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading Lady of the Lake, Canto v.

lances

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading Lord Byron's Euthanasia.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

o'eradverb

throughout a period of time

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Lady of the Lake, Canto v.

rushesnounUS /ˈrʌʃəz/

plural of “rush” — the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

sendsverbUS /sendz/

third-person singular of “send” — cause to go somewhere

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

shinglesnounUS /ˈʃɪŋɡəlz/

eruptions along a nerve path often accompanied by severe neuralgia

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

startverbUS /stɑːrt/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

thinepronounUS /ðaɪn/

an old word for “yours”

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

thoupronounUS /ðaʊ/

an old word for “you”, as the subject, speaking to one person

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

thydeterminerUS /ðaɪ/

an old word for “your”, speaking to one person

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

TisnounUS /tɪz/

plural of “ti” — a light strong grey lustrous corrosion-resistant metallic element used in strong lightweight alloys (as for airplane parts); the main sources are rutile and ilmenite

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

vnounUS /viː/

a unit of potential equal to the potential difference between two points on a conductor carrying a current of 1 ampere when the power dissipated between the two points is 1 watt

From this reading Lady of the Lake, Canto v.

wandnounUS /wɑːnd/

a rod used by a magician or water diviner

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

whateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading [2] "Count o'er the joys thine hours have seen, Count o'er thy days from anguish free, And know, whatever thou hast been, 'Tis something better not to be."

willownounUS /ˈwɪloʊ/

any of numerous deciduous trees and shrubs of the genus Salix

From this reading "From shingles grey the lances start, The bracken bush sends forth the dart, The rushes and the willow wand Are bristling into axe and brand."

Chapter 4 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 by Samuel Johnson holds 425 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 contain?

Chapter 4 holds 425 sentences of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 by Samuel Johnson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 425 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04

Common questions about reading The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 by Samuel Johnson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04?

Yes. All 5087 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12050 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12050, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 take to read?

About 423 minutes of reading across 1018 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 section by section

How to work through The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Johnson's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Works
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Adventurer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Idler
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.