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The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04
The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 is here in full — 427 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/85 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.
The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.
Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.
Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.
Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04

Chapter XI · Chapter 11

Chapter 11 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 is here in full — 427 sentences across 86 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/85 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.
/ˈiːzi ˈpoʊətri ɪz ðæt ɪn wɪtʃ ˈnætʃərəl θɔːts ɑːr ɪkˈsprest wɪˈθaʊt ˈvaɪələns tuː ðə ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/
Line 2
The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.
/ðə dɪˈskrɪməneɪtɪŋ ˈkerɪktər ʌv iːz kənˈsɪsts ˈprɪnsɪpli ɪn ðə ˈdɪkʃən fɔːr ɔːl truː ˈpoʊətri riˈkwaɪərz ðæt ðə ˈsentəmənts biː ˈnætʃərəl/
Line 3
Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.
Line 4
Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.
/wer ˈeni ˈɑːrtəfɪs əˈpɪrz ɪn ðə kənˈstrʌkʃən ʌv ðə vɜːrs ðæt vɜːrs ɪz noʊ ˈlɔːŋɡər ˈiːzi/
Line 5
Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

artifice noun US /ˈɑːrtəfɪs/

a deceptive maneuver (especially to avoid capture)

From this reading “Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.”

diction noun US /ˈdɪkʃən/

the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience

From this reading “The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.”

diminution noun US /ˌdɪməˈnuːʃən/

change toward something smaller or lower

From this reading “Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.”

discriminating adjective US /dɪˈskrɪməneɪtɪŋ/

showing or indicating careful judgment and discernment especially in matters of taste

From this reading “The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.”

ejected verb US /ɪˈdʒektɪd/

past form of “eject” — put out or expel from a place

From this reading “Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.”

epithet noun US /ˈepəθet/

a defamatory or abusive word or phrase

From this reading “Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.”

iteration noun US /ˌɪtərˈeɪʃən/

(computer science) a single execution of a set of instructions that are to be repeated

From this reading “Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.”

licence noun US /ˈlaɪsəns/

excessive freedom; lack of due restraint

From this reading “Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

acceptations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

appearsverbUS /əˈpɪrz/

third-person singular of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

artificenounUS /ˈɑːrtəfɪs/

a deceptive maneuver (especially to avoid capture)

From this reading Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.

avoidedverbUS /əˈvɔɪdɪd/

past form of “avoid” — stay clear from; keep away from; keep out of the way of someone or something

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

consistsverbUS /kənˈsɪsts/

third-person singular of “consist” — originate

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

constructionnounUS /kənˈstrʌkʃən/

the act of constructing something

From this reading Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

destroyverbUS /dɪˈstrɔɪ/

do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

dictionnounUS /ˈdɪkʃən/

the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

diminutionnounUS /ˌdɪməˈnuːʃən/

change toward something smaller or lower

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

discriminatingadjectiveUS /dɪˈskrɪməneɪtɪŋ/

showing or indicating careful judgment and discernment especially in matters of taste

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

easeverbUS /iːz/

move gently or carefully

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

EasyadjectiveUS /ˈiːzi/

posing no difficulty; requiring little effort

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

ejectedverbUS /ɪˈdʒektɪd/

past form of “eject” — put out or expel from a place

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

epithetnounUS /ˈepəθet/

a defamatory or abusive word or phrase

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

figuresnounUS /ˈfɪɡjərz/

plural of “figure” — a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

gracenounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

harshadjectiveUS /hɑːrʃ/

unpleasantly stern

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

iterationnounUS /ˌɪtərˈeɪʃən/

(computer science) a single execution of a set of instructions that are to be repeated

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

licencenounUS /ˈlaɪsəns/

excessive freedom; lack of due restraint

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

poetrynounUS /ˈpoʊətri/

literature in metrical form

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

principallyadverbUS /ˈprɪnsɪpli/

for the most part

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

prosenounUS /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

requiresverbUS /riˈkwaɪərz/

third-person singular of “require” — require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

sentimentsnounUS /ˈsentəmənts/

plural of “sentiment” — tender, romantic, or nostalgic feeling or emotion

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

speechnounUS /spiːtʃ/

the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

structurenounUS /ˈstrʌktʃər/

a thing constructed; a complex entity constructed of many parts

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

suffersverbUS /ˈsʌfərz/

third-person singular of “suffer” — undergo or be subjected to

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

transpositionnoun

any abnormal position of the organs of the body

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading The discriminating character of ease consists principally in the diction; for all true poetry requires that the sentiments be natural.

ungrammaticaladjective

not grammatical; not conforming to the rules of grammar or accepted usage

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

unusualadjectiveUS /əˈnjuːʒuːəl/

not usual or common or ordinary

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

versenounUS /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.

violencenounUS /ˈvaɪələns/

an act of aggression (as one against a person who resists)

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

WhereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Where any artifice appears in the construction of the verse, that verse is no longer easy.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading Easy poetry is that in which natural thoughts are expressed without violence to the language.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading Any epithet which can be ejected without diminution of the sense, any curious iteration of the same word, and all unusual, though not ungrammatical structure of speech, destroy the grace of easy poetry.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

writernounUS /ˈraɪtər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Language suffers violence by harsh or by daring figures, by transposition, by unusual acceptations of words, and by any licence, which would be avoided by a writer of prose.

Chapter 11 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 by Samuel Johnson holds 427 sentences, grouped into 86 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 contain?

Chapter 11 holds 427 sentences of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04, unabridged, divided into 86 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04 by Samuel Johnson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 427 sentences, grouped into 86 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04?

Work through the 86 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 86 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #12050, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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Vocabulary met early in The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Johnson's
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Works
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Adventurer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Idler
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of Samuel Johnson, LL.D. in Nine — Volume 04; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.