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The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05
The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 is here in full — 2190 sentences across 438 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05
Context Illustration Reading 1/438 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LAST SESSION OF PARLIAMENT.
THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.
HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF PORTLAND.
MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.
A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 is here in full — 2190 sentences across 438 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/438 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LAST SESSION OF PARLIAMENT.
/læst ˈseʃən ʌv ˈpɑːrləmənt/
Line 2
THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.
Line 3
HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF PORTLAND.
/hɪz ɡreɪs ðə duːk ʌv ˈpɔːrtlənd/
Line 4
MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.
Line 5
A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

duke noun US /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading “THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.”

greater adjective US /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading “MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.”

liberty noun US /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading “MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.”

observations noun US /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃənz/

plural of “observation” — the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading “A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.”

parliament noun US /ˈpɑːrləmənt/

a legislative assembly in certain countries

From this reading “LAST SESSION OF PARLIAMENT.”

portland noun US /ˈpɔːrtlənd/

freshwater port and largest city in Oregon; located in northwestern Oregon on the Willamette River which divides the city into east and west sections; renowned for its beautiful natural setting among the mountains

From this reading “THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.”

sending noun US /ˈsendɪŋ/

the act of causing something to go (especially messages)

From this reading “MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.”

session noun US /ˈseʃən/

a meeting for execution of a group's functions

From this reading “LAST SESSION OF PARLIAMENT.”

All words in this reading · 37

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

addedverbUS /ˈædəd/

past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

DEARadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

DUKEnounUS /duːk/

a British peer of the highest rank

From this reading THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

FITZWILLIAM

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

GRACEnounUS /ɡreɪs/

(Christian theology) a state of sanctification by God; the state of one who is under such divine influence

From this reading HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF PORTLAND.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF PORTLAND.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

LASTadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading LAST SESSION OF PARLIAMENT.

libertynounUS /ˈlɪb.ər.ti/

The state of being free within society from oppressive restrictions on one's way of life.

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

LORDnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.

MYdeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

observationsnounUS /ˌɑːbzərˈveɪʃənz/

plural of “observation” — the act of making and recording a measurement

From this reading A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading LAST SESSION OF PARLIAMENT.

papernounUS /ˈpeɪpər/

a material made of cellulose pulp derived mainly from wood or rags or certain grasses

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

PARLIAMENTnounUS /ˈpɑːrləmənt/

a legislative assembly in certain countries

From this reading LAST SESSION OF PARLIAMENT.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

PORTLANDnounUS /ˈpɔːrtlənd/

freshwater port and largest city in Oregon; located in northwestern Oregon on the Willamette River which divides the city into east and west sections; renowned for its beautiful natural setting among the mountains

From this reading THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.

prorogationnoun

discontinuation of the meeting (of a legislative body) without dissolving it

From this reading A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

sendingnounUS /ˈsendɪŋ/

the act of causing something to go (especially messages)

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

SESSIONnounUS /ˈseʃən/

a meeting for execution of a group's functions

From this reading LAST SESSION OF PARLIAMENT.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE DUKE OF PORTLAND AND LORD FITZWILLIAM.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading A few days after the prorogation some few observations were added.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading MY DEAR LORD,--The paper which I take the liberty of sending to your Grace was, for the greater part, written during the last session.

Chapter 1 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 by Edmund Burke holds 2190 sentences, grouped into 438 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 contain?

Chapter 1 holds 2190 sentences of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05, unabridged, divided into 438 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 by Edmund Burke exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 2190 sentences, grouped into 438 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05?

Work through the 438 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 438 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 by Edmund Burke on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05?

Yes. All 5105 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15701 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15701, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 take to read?

About 425 minutes of reading across 1021 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 section by section

How to work through The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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Vocabulary met early in The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Session
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Parliament
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Portland
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fitzwilliam
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.