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The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05
The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 is here in full — 488 sentences across 98 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/97 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.
My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.
The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.
On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.
My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 is here in full — 488 sentences across 98 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/97 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.
/ɑːn ðə ˈdʒiːnjəs ənd ˈkerɪktər ʌv ðə frentʃ ˌrevəˈluːʃən æz ɪt rɪˈɡɑːrdz ˈʌðər ˈneɪʃənz/
Line 2
My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.
Line 3
The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.
/ðə ˈsɪstəm ʌv piːs mʌst hæv ə ˈrefərəns tuː ðə ˈsɪstəm ʌv ðə wɔːr/
Line 4
On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.
/ɑːn ðæt ɡraʊnd aɪ mʌst ˈðerfɔːr əˈɡen ˈriːkɔːl jɔːr maɪnd tuː ˈaʊər ərˈɪdʒənəl əˈpɪnjənz wɪtʃ taɪm ənd ɪˈvents hæv nɑːt tɔːt miː tuː ˈveri/
Line 5
My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.
/maɪ aɪˈdiːəz ənd maɪ ˈprɪnsəpəlz led miː ɪn ðɪs ˈkɑːntest tuː ɪnˈkaʊntər fræns nɑːt æz ə steɪt bʌt æz ə ˈfækʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

contest noun US /ˈkɑːntest/

an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading “My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.”

encounter verb US /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

come together

From this reading “My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.”

faction noun US /ˈfækʃən/

a clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue

From this reading “My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.”

nations noun US /ˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading “ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.”

reference noun US /ˈrefərəns/

a remark that calls attention to something or someone

From this reading “The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.”

regards noun US /rɪˈɡɑːrdz/

plural of “regard” — (usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading “ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.”

revolution noun US /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading “ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.”

vary verb US /ˈveri/

become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence

From this reading “On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

ASconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

CHARACTERnounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

closedadjectiveUS /kloʊzd/

not open or affording passage or access

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

contestnounUS /ˈkɑːntest/

an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

dearadjectiveUS /dɪr/

dearly loved

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

encounterverbUS /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

come together

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

factionnounUS /ˈfækʃən/

a clique (often secret) that seeks power usually through intrigue

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

FRENCHnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

GENIUSnounUS /ˈdʒiːnjəs/

someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

ideasnounUS /aɪˈdiːəz/

plural of “idea” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

ITpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

lednounUS /led/

diode such that light emitted at a p-n junction is proportional to the bias current; color depends on the material used

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

letternounUS /ˈletər/

a written message addressed to a person or organization

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

NATIONSnounUS /ˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “nation” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

originaladjectiveUS /ərˈɪdʒənəl/

preceding all others in time or being as first made or performed

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

OTHERadjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

recallverbUS /ˈriːkɔːl/

recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

referencenounUS /ˈrefərəns/

a remark that calls attention to something or someone

From this reading The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.

REGARDSnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdz/

plural of “regard” — (usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

REVOLUTIONnounUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃən/

a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

seriousadjectiveUS /ˈsɪriəs/

concerned with work or important matters rather than play or trivialities

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

systemnounUS /ˈsɪstəm/

instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity

From this reading The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.

taughtverbUS /tɔːt/

inflected form of “teach” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ON THE GENIUS AND CHARACTER OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AS IT REGARDS OTHER NATIONS.

thereforeadverbUS /ˈðerfɔːr/

for that reason; as a result

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading My ideas and my principles led me, in this contest, to encounter France, not as a state, but as a faction.

thoughtsnounUS /θɔːts/

plural of “thought” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.

varyverbUS /ˈveri/

become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading The system of peace must have a reference to the system of the war.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading On that ground, I must therefore again recall your mind to our original opinions, which time and events have not taught me to vary.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading My dear Sir,--I closed my first letter with serious matter, and I hope it has employed your thoughts.

Chapter 3 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 by Edmund Burke holds 488 sentences, grouped into 98 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 contain?

Chapter 3 holds 488 sentences of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05, unabridged, divided into 98 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 by Edmund Burke exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 488 sentences, grouped into 98 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05?

Work through the 98 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 98 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Yes. All 5105 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15701 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15701, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05 take to read?

About 425 minutes of reading across 1021 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Session
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Parliament
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Portland
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fitzwilliam
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 05; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.