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The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07
The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07 is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.
[Sidenote: A.D.
799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.
The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.
There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07 is here in full — 59 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.
Line 2
[Sidenote: A.D.
Line 3
799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.
Line 4
The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.
/ðə ˈmænərz ʌv ðə ˈsæksənz ˌʌndərˈwent ə ˈnoʊtəbəl ˌɔːltərˈeɪʃən baɪ ðɪs tʃeɪndʒ ɪn ðer rɪˈlɪdʒən ðer fərˈɑːsəti wɑːz mʌtʃ əˈbeɪtɪd ðeɪ bɪˈkeɪm mɔːr maɪld ənd ˈsoʊʃəbəl ənd ðer lɔːz bɪˈɡæn tuː pɑːrˈteɪk ʌv ðə ˈsɔːftnəs ʌv ðer ˈmænərz ˈevriwer ˌrekəˈmendɪŋ ˈmɜːrsi ənd ə ˈtendərnəs fɔːr ˈkrɪstʃən blʌd/
Line 5
There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abated verb US /əˈbeɪtɪd/

past form of “abate” — make less active or intense

From this reading “The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.”

danes noun US /deɪnz/

plural of “dane” — a native or inhabitant of Denmark

From this reading “SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.”

ethelbert noun US /ˈeθɪlbərt/

Anglo-Saxon king of Kent who was converted to Christianity by Saint Augustine; codified English law (552-616)

From this reading “SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.”

kingdoms noun US /ˈkɪŋdəmz/

plural of “kingdom” — a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading “799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.”

recommending verb US /ˌrekəˈmendɪŋ/

-ing form of “recommend” — push for something

From this reading “The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.”

Saxons noun US /ˈsæksənz/

plural of “saxon” — a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading “The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.”

sociable adjective US /ˈsoʊʃəbəl/

inclined to or conducive to companionship with others

From this reading “The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.”

underwent verb US /ˌʌndərˈwent/

inflected form of “undergo” — pass through

From this reading “The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.”

All words in this reading · 76

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

799

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading [Sidenote: A.D.

abatedverbUS /əˈbeɪtɪd/

past form of “abate” — make less active or intense

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

ALFREDnounUS /ˈælfrəd/

king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

alterationnounUS /ˌɔːltərˈeɪʃən/

an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

ANGLO-SAXONnoun

a native or inhabitant of England prior to the Norman Conquest

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

Anglo-Saxons

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

DnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading [Sidenote: A.D.

DANESnounUS /deɪnz/

plural of “dane” — a native or inhabitant of Denmark

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

embracedverbUS /emˈbreɪst/

past form of “embrace” — include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

ETHELBERTnounUS /ˈeθɪlbərt/

Anglo-Saxon king of Kent who was converted to Christianity by Saint Augustine; codified English law (552-616)

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

everywhereadverbUS /ˈevriwer/

to or in any or all places

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

ferocitynounUS /fərˈɑːsəti/

the property of being wild or turbulent

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

ferventadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrvənt/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

FROMprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

INVASIONnounUS /ˌɪnˈveɪʒən/

the act of invading; the act of an army that invades for conquest or plunder

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

KentnounUS /kent/

a county in southeastern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom, it was the first to be colonized by the Romans

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

kingdomsnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəmz/

plural of “kingdom” — a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

KINGSnounUS /kɪŋz/

plural of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

lawsnounUS /lɔːz/

the first of three divisions of the Hebrew Scriptures comprising the first five books of the Hebrew Bible considered as a unit

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

mannersnounUS /ˈmænərz/

social deportment

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

mercynounUS /ˈmɜːrsi/

leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

mildadjectiveUS /maɪld/

moderate in type or degree or effect or force; far from extreme

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

norconjunctionUS /nɔːr/

and not; used after a negative to add a second negative

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

notableadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəbəl/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

partakeverbUS /pɑːrˈteɪk/

have some of the qualities or attributes of something

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

rapiditynounUS /rəˈpɪdəti/

a rate that is rapid

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

recommendingverbUS /ˌrekəˈmendɪŋ/

-ing form of “recommend” — push for something

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

rootnounUS /ruːt/

(botany) the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

SaxonnounUS /ˈsæksən/

a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

SaxonsnounUS /ˈsæksənz/

plural of “saxon” — a member of a Germanic people who conquered England and merged with the Angles and Jutes to become Anglo-Saxons; dominant in England until the Norman Conquest

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

SERIESnounUS /ˈsɪriz/

similar things placed in order or happening one after another

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

Sidenote

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading [Sidenote: A.D.

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

sociableadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəbəl/

inclined to or conducive to companionship with others

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

softnessnounUS /ˈsɔːftnəs/

the property of giving little resistance to pressure and being easily cut or molded

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

spreadverbUS /spred/

distribute or disperse widely

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

tendernessnounUS /ˈtendərnəs/

a tendency to express warm and affectionate feeling

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

throughoutprepositionUS /θruːˈaʊt/

in every part of a place, or for the whole of a period

From this reading 799] The Christian religion, having once taken root in Kent, spread itself with great rapidity throughout all the other Saxon kingdoms in England.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

underwentverbUS /ˌʌndərˈwent/

inflected form of “undergo” — pass through

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The manners of the Saxons underwent a notable alteration by this change in their religion: their ferocity was much abated; they became more mild and sociable; and their laws began to partake of the softness of their manners, everywhere recommending mercy and a tenderness for Christian blood.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading SERIES OF ANGLO-SAXON KINGS FROM ETHELBERT TO ALFRED: WITH THE INVASION OF THE DANES.

zealnounUS /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading There never was any people who embraced religion with a more fervent zeal than the Anglo-Saxons, nor with more simplicity of spirit.

Chapter 8 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07 by Edmund Burke holds 59 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07 contain?

Chapter 8 holds 59 sentences of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07 by Edmund Burke exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 59 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07

Common questions about reading The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07 by Edmund Burke on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07?

Yes. All 4735 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16292 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #16292, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07 take to read?

About 394 minutes of reading across 947 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07 section by section

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Vocabulary met early in The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

State
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Europe
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Norman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Invasion
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Works of the Right Honourable Edmund Burke — Vol. 07; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.