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The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa
The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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THE CONGO FREE STATE.
As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.
The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.
On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.
Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.
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The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa is here in full — 127 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE CONGO FREE STATE.
/ðə ˈkɑːŋɡoʊ friː steɪt/
Line 2
As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.
/æz ˈstænliz ˈlɪtəl fliːt pʌft ɪts weɪ ˈhaɪər ənd ˈhaɪər ʌp ðə striːm ʌv ðə ˈmaɪti ˈkɑːŋɡoʊ ˈrɪtʃər ənd ˈrɪtʃər əˈpɪrd ðə ˈkʌntri θruː wɪtʃ ðə ˌekspəˈdɪʃən wɑːz ˈpæsɪŋ/
Line 3
The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.
Line 4
On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.
/ɑːn ˈiːðər hænd ðə bæŋks wɜːr laɪnd wɪð maɪl əˈpɑːn maɪl ʌv ðə moʊst ˈvæljəbəl ʌv ðə ˈdʒaɪənt ɡroʊθs ʌv ðə ˈfɔːrəsts/
Line 5
Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

congo noun US /ˈkɑːŋɡoʊ/

a republic in central Africa; achieved independence from Belgium in 1960

From this reading “THE CONGO FREE STATE.”

decomposed verb US /ˌdiːkəmˈpoʊzd/

past form of “decompose” — separate (substances) into constituent elements or parts

From this reading “The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.”

growths noun US /ɡroʊθs/

plural of “growth” — (biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading “On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.”

gum noun US /ɡʌm/

a preparation (usually made of sweetened chicle) for chewing

From this reading “Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.”

Stanley's noun US /ˈstænliz/

possessive form of “stanley” — United States inventor who built a steam-powered automobile (1849-1918)

From this reading “As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.”

tracts noun US /trækts/

plural of “tract” — an extended area of land

From this reading “Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.”

unparalleled adjective US /ənˈperəleld/

radically distinctive and without equal

From this reading “The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.”

vegetable noun US /ˈvedʒtəbəl/

edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant

From this reading “The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

most valuable adverb + adjective

In this reading “On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.”

vegetable matter noun + noun

matter produced by plants or growing in the manner of a plant

In this reading “The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.”

seemed almost verb + particle counted as “seem almost”

In this reading “The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.”

for hours preposition + noun

In this reading “Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.”

All words in this reading · 68

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

anythingpronounUS /ˈeniθɪŋ/

any thing at all

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

appearancenounUS /əˈpɪrəns/

outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

AsconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

banksnounUS /bæŋks/

English botanist who accompanied Captain Cook on his first voyage to the Pacific Ocean (1743-1820)

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

CONGOnounUS /ˈkɑːŋɡoʊ/

a republic in central Africa; achieved independence from Belgium in 1960

From this reading THE CONGO FREE STATE.

copalnoun

a brittle aromatic resin used in varnishes

From this reading Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

decomposedverbUS /ˌdiːkəmˈpoʊzd/

past form of “decompose” — separate (substances) into constituent elements or parts

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

fertileadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrtəl/

capable of reproducing

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

filledadjectiveUS /fɪld/

(usually followed by “with” or used as a combining form) generously supplied with

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.

forestsnounUS /ˈfɔːrəsts/

plural of “forest” — the trees and other plants in a large densely wooded area

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

FREEverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading THE CONGO FREE STATE.

giantnounUS /ˈdʒaɪənt/

any creature of exceptional size

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

growthsnounUS /ɡroʊθs/

plural of “growth” — (biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

gumnounUS /ɡʌm/

a preparation (usually made of sweetened chicle) for chewing

From this reading Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

higheradjectiveUS /ˈhaɪər/

advanced in complexity or elaboration

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

hoursnounUS /ˈaʊərz/

a period of time assigned for work

From this reading Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

journeyings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

linedadjectiveUS /laɪnd/

bordered by a line of things

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

mightyadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪti/

having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

milenounUS /maɪl/

a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

puffedadjectiveUS /pʌft/

gathered for protruding fullness

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

richeradjectiveUS /ˈrɪtʃər/

comparative of “rich” — possessing material wealth

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

StanleynounUS /ˈstænli/

United States inventor who built a steam-powered automobile (1849-1918)

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

Stanley'snounUS /ˈstænliz/

possessive form of “stanley” — United States inventor who built a steam-powered automobile (1849-1918)

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

STATEnounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading THE CONGO FREE STATE.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE CONGO FREE STATE.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.

tractsnounUS /trækts/

plural of “tract” — an extended area of land

From this reading Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.

unparalleledadjectiveUS /ənˈperəleld/

radically distinctive and without equal

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

valuableadjectiveUS /ˈvæljəbəl/

having great material or monetary value especially for use or exchange

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

vegetablenounUS /ˈvedʒtəbəl/

edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading On either hand the banks were lined with mile upon mile of the most valuable of the giant growths of the forests.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading As Stanley's little fleet puffed its way higher and higher up the stream of the mighty Congo, richer and richer appeared the country through which the expedition was passing.

WholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Whole tracts of gum copal trees were seen for hours together.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The soil seemed almost black, so filled was it with decomposed vegetable matter, and its fertile appearance was unparalleled by anything which Stanley had seen in his journeyings.

Chapter 11 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa by Anna B. Badlam holds 127 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa contain?

Chapter 11 holds 127 sentences of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa by Anna B. Badlam exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 127 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #35245, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 558 minutes of reading across 1340 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Words and structures a reader meets early in The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Master
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boston
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Normal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.