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The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa
The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa is here in full — 186 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/37 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
VIEWS OF THE BOERS.
The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.
They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.
The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.
The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Chapter XXII

Chapter 22 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa is here in full — 186 sentences across 38 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/37 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
VIEWS OF THE BOERS.
/vjuːz ʌv ðə bɔːrz/
Line 2
The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.
/ðə bɔːrz meɪ biː kənˈsɪdərd ðə riːl streŋkθ ʌv ðə ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən ʌv ðə trænzˈvɑːl ɔːr saʊθ ˈæfrəkən riˈpʌblək/
Line 3
They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.
/ðeɪ ˈnʌmbər æt liːst eɪt ˈθaʊzənd ˈfæməliz wɪtʃ səˈpɔːrt ðemˈselvz baɪ fɑːrm wɜːrk ʌv sʌm dɪˈskrɪpʃən/
Line 4
The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.
/ðə bɔːrz ɑːr ˈdʒenərəli ˈpezənts ðoʊ ðeɪ ɑːr ˈjuːʒəwəli ðə ˈwelθiəst lænd ˈoʊnərz ɪn ðə ˈkʌntri/
Line 5
The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.
/ðə ˈkerɪktər ʌv ðə bɔːrz hæz bɪn ˈstrɔːŋli ˌɪmˈprest baɪ ðer ˈwɑːndərɪŋz ənd ˈsʌfərɪŋz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

African adjective US /ˈæfrəkən/

of or relating to the nations of Africa or their peoples

From this reading “The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.”

boers noun US /bɔːrz/

plural of “boer” — a white native of Cape Province who is a descendant of Dutch settlers and who speaks Afrikaans

From this reading “VIEWS OF THE BOERS.”

owners noun US /ˈoʊnərz/

plural of “owner” — (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading “The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.”

peasants noun US /ˈpezənts/

plural of “peasant” — a country person

From this reading “The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.”

Republic noun US /riˈpʌblək/

a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them

From this reading “The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.”

Transvaal noun US /trænzˈvɑːl/

a province of northeastern South Africa originally inhabited by Africans who spoke Bantu; colonized by the Boers

From this reading “The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.”

wanderings noun US /ˈwɑːndərɪŋz/

plural of “wandering” — travelling about without any clear destination

From this reading “The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.”

wealthiest adjective US /ˈwelθiəst/

superlative of “wealthy” — having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading “The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

strongly impressed adverb + adjective

In this reading “The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.”

eight thousand adjective + noun

In this reading “They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.”

in the country preposition + article + noun counted as “in … country”

In this reading “The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.”

All words in this reading · 49

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AfricanadjectiveUS /ˈæfrəkən/

of or relating to the nations of Africa or their peoples

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.

BOERSnounUS /bɔːrz/

plural of “boer” — a white native of Cape Province who is a descendant of Dutch settlers and who speaks Afrikaans

From this reading VIEWS OF THE BOERS.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

descriptionnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.

impressedadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈprest/

deeply or markedly affected or influenced

From this reading The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading VIEWS OF THE BOERS.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

ownersnounUS /ˈoʊnərz/

plural of “owner” — (law) someone who owns (is legal possessor of) a business

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

peasantsnounUS /ˈpezənts/

plural of “peasant” — a country person

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

populationnounUS /ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən/

the people who inhabit a territory or state

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

RepublicnounUS /riˈpʌblək/

a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

strengthnounUS /streŋkθ/

the property of being physically or mentally strong

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

stronglyadverbUS /ˈstrɔːŋli/

with strength or in a strong manner

From this reading The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.

sufferingsnounUS /ˈsʌfərɪŋz/

plural of “suffering” — a state of acute pain

From this reading The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.

supportnounUS /səˈpɔːrt/

the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading VIEWS OF THE BOERS.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

TransvaalnounUS /trænzˈvɑːl/

a province of northeastern South Africa originally inhabited by Africans who spoke Bantu; colonized by the Boers

From this reading The Boers may be considered the real strength of the population of the Transvaal, or South African Republic.

usuallyadverbUS /ˈjuːʒəwəli/

under normal conditions

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

VIEWSnounUS /vjuːz/

plural of “view” — a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading VIEWS OF THE BOERS.

wanderingsnounUS /ˈwɑːndərɪŋz/

plural of “wandering” — travelling about without any clear destination

From this reading The character of the Boers has been strongly impressed by their wanderings and sufferings.

wealthiestadjectiveUS /ˈwelθiəst/

superlative of “wealthy” — having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading The Boers are generally peasants, though they are usually the wealthiest land owners in the country.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading They number at least eight thousand families, which support themselves by farm work of some description.

Chapter 22 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa by Anna B. Badlam holds 186 sentences, grouped into 38 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 22 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa contain?

Chapter 22 holds 186 sentences of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa, unabridged, divided into 38 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 22 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa by Anna B. Badlam exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 186 sentences, grouped into 38 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 22 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa?

Work through the 38 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 38 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 22 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 22 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Common questions about reading The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa by Anna B. Badlam on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa?

Yes. All 6699 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35245 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35245, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa take to read?

About 558 minutes of reading across 1340 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa section by section

How to work through The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Words and structures a reader meets early in The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Master
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boston
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Normal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.