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The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa
The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
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NEW VIEWS OF NATIVES.
Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.
Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.
Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.
"Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Chapter XXXIV

Chapter 34 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa is here in full — 179 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
NEW VIEWS OF NATIVES.
/nuː vjuːz ʌv ˈneɪtɪvz/
Line 2
Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.
Line 3
Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.
/ˈlɪvɪŋstoʊn raɪts ʌv ðem ðeɪ bɪld ðer hʌts ərˈaʊnd hɪz ənd ðə ˈɡreɪtər ðə ˈnʌmbər ʌv ˈtʃɪldrən ðə mɔːr hɪz ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns ɪnˈkriːsəz/
Line 4
Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.
/hens ˈtʃɪldrən ɑːr ɪˈstiːmd wʌn ʌv ðə ˈɡreɪtəst ˈblesɪŋz ənd ɑːr ˈɔːlweɪz ˈtriːtɪd ˈkaɪndli/
Line 5
"Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

blessings noun US /ˈblesɪŋz/

plural of “blessing” — the formal act of approving

From this reading “Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.”

esteemed adjective US /ɪˈstiːmd/

having an illustrious reputation; respected

From this reading “Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.”

fireplace noun US /ˈfaɪərpleɪs/

an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be built

From this reading “"Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.”

huts noun US /hʌts/

plural of “hut” — temporary military shelter

From this reading “Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.”

increases noun US /ɪnˈkriːsəz/

plural of “increase” — a quantity that is added

From this reading “Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.”

Livingstone noun US /ˈlɪvɪŋstoʊn/

Scottish missionary and explorer who discovered the Zambezi River and Victoria Falls (1813-1873)

From this reading “Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.”

patriarchal adjective US /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːrkəl/

characteristic of a form of social organization in which the male is the family head and title is traced through the male line

From this reading “Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.”

tribes noun US /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading “Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

greatest blessings adjective + noun counted as “greatest blessing”

In this reading “Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.”

always treated adverb + adjective

In this reading “Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.”

own children verb + noun counted as “own child”

In this reading “Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.

AmongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

Bechuananoun

a member of a Bantu people living chiefly in Botswana and western South Africa

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

blessingsnounUS /ˈblesɪŋz/

plural of “blessing” — the formal act of approving

From this reading Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.

buildverbUS /bɪld/

make by combining materials and parts

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

centernounUS /ˈsɛn.tər/

The middle point or core of an area.

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

circlenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

eatverbUS /iːt/

take in solid food

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

esteemedadjectiveUS /ɪˈstiːmd/

having an illustrious reputation; respected

From this reading Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.

fireplacenounUS /ˈfaɪərpleɪs/

an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be built

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

gossipnounUS /ˈɡɑːsəp/

light informal conversation for social occasions

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

governmentnounUS /ˈɡʌvərmənt/

the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

greateradjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtər/

greater in size or importance or degree

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.

HenceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

hutsnounUS /hʌts/

plural of “hut” — temporary military shelter

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

increasesnounUS /ɪnˈkriːsəz/

plural of “increase” — a quantity that is added

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

kindlyadjectiveUS /ˈkaɪndli/

showing or motivated by sympathy and understanding and generosity

From this reading Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.

kotla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

LivingstonenounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋstoʊn/

Scottish missionary and explorer who discovered the Zambezi River and Victoria Falls (1813-1873)

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

NATIVESnounUS /ˈneɪtɪvz/

plural of “native” — an indigenous person who was born in a particular place

From this reading NEW VIEWS OF NATIVES.

NearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

NEWadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading NEW VIEWS OF NATIVES.

newsnounUS /nuːz/

information about recent and important events

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading NEW VIEWS OF NATIVES.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

patriarchaladjectiveUS /ˌpeɪtriˈɑːrkəl/

characteristic of a form of social organization in which the male is the family head and title is traced through the male line

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

sitverbUS /sɪt/

be seated

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

treatedadjectiveUS /ˈtriːtɪd/

subjected to a physical (or chemical) treatment or action or agent

From this reading Hence, children are esteemed one of the greatest blessings, and are always treated kindly.

tribesnounUS /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading Among the Bechuana tribes the government is patriarchal, and each man is chief over his own children.

VIEWSnounUS /vjuːz/

plural of “view” — a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading NEW VIEWS OF NATIVES.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading "Near the center of each circle of huts there is a spot called a 'kotla' with a fireplace; here they work, eat, or sit and gossip over the news of the day.

writesverbUS /raɪts/

third-person singular of “write” — produce a literary work

From this reading Livingstone writes of them: "They build their huts around his, and the greater the number of children, the more his importance increases.

Chapter 34 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa by Anna B. Badlam holds 179 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 34 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa contain?

Chapter 34 holds 179 sentences of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 34 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa by Anna B. Badlam exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 179 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 34 of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 34 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 34 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Common questions about reading The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa by Anna B. Badlam on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa?

Yes. All 6699 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #35245 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #35245, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa take to read?

About 558 minutes of reading across 1340 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa section by section

How to work through The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa

Words and structures a reader meets early in The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Master
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Boston
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Normal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
School
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The World and Its People, Book — Book VII, Views in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.