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The Young Captives
The Young Captives

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of The Young Captives is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.
He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.
He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.
When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.
On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Young Captives

Chapter XXIII · Chapter 23

Chapter 23 of The Young Captives is here in full — 71 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.
Line 2
He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.
/hiː ˈɔːlsoʊ riˈvjuːd hɪz ˈfɔːrsɪz wɪtʃ wɜːr ɪn ə ˈspɪrɪtɪd kənˈdɪʃən/
Line 3
He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.
Line 4
When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.
/wen ˈsaɪrəs dʒʌdʒd hiː hæd səˈfɪʃəntli ˈreɡjəleɪtɪd hɪz əˈferz æt ˈbæbəlɑːn hiː θɔːt ˈprɑːpər tuː teɪk ə ˈdʒɜːrni ˈɪntuː ˈpɜːrʒə/
Line 5
On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Babylon noun US /ˈbæbəlɑːn/

the chief city of ancient Mesopotamia and capital of the ancient kingdom of Babylonia

From this reading “Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.”

chariots noun US /ˈtʃeriəts/

plural of “chariot” — a light four-wheel horse-drawn ceremonial carriage

From this reading “He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.”

favors noun US /ˈfeɪvərz/

plural of “favor” — an act of gracious kindness

From this reading “Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.”

Media noun US /ˈmiːdiə/

plural of “medium” — a means or instrumentality for storing or communicating information

From this reading “On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.”

Persia noun US /ˈpɜːrʒə/

an empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC

From this reading “When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.”

regulated adjective US /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪd/

controlled or governed according to rule or principle or law

From this reading “When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.”

reviewed verb US /riˈvjuːd/

past form of “review” — look at again; examine again

From this reading “He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.”

rewards noun US /rɪˈwɔːrdz/

plural of “reward” — a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading “Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

120,000

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

2,000

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

600,000

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

affairsnounUS /əˈferz/

matters of personal concern

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

applaudedverbUS /əˈplɔːdɪd/

past form of “applaud” — clap one's hands or shout after performances to indicate approval

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

armedadjectiveUS /ɑːrmd/

(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

assembledverbUS /əˈsembəld/

past form of “assemble” — create by putting components or members together

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

attachmentnounUS /əˈtætʃmənt/

a feeling of affection for a person or an institution

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

BabylonnounUS /ˈbæbəlɑːn/

the chief city of ancient Mesopotamia and capital of the ancient kingdom of Babylonia

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

chariotsnounUS /ˈtʃeriəts/

plural of “chariot” — a light four-wheel horse-drawn ceremonial carriage

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

couragenounUS /ˈkɜːrədʒ/

a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

CyrusnounUS /ˈsaɪrəs/

Persian prince who was defeated in battle by his brother Artaxerxes II (424-401 BC)

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

Darius

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

distributedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstrɪbjətəd/

spread out or scattered about or divided up

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

favorsnounUS /ˈfeɪvərz/

plural of “favor” — an act of gracious kindness

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

forcesnounUS /ˈfɔːrsɪz/

plural of “force” — a powerful effect or influence

From this reading He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

godsnounUS /ɡɑːdz/

plural of “god” — the supernatural being conceived as the perfect and omnipotent and omniscient originator and ruler of the universe; the object of worship in monotheistic religions

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

ImmediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.

interpositionnoun

the action of interjecting or interposing an action or remark that interrupts

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

judgedverbUS /dʒʌdʒd/

past form of “judge” — determine the result of (a competition)

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

MedianounUS /ˈmiːdiə/

plural of “medium” — a means or instrumentality for storing or communicating information

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

nobleadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊbəl/

impressive in appearance

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

orderedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrdərd/

having a systematic arrangement; especially having elements succeeding in order according to rule

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

palacenounUS /ˈpæləs/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

PersianounUS /ˈpɜːrʒə/

an empire in southern Asia created by Cyrus the Great in the 6th century BC and destroyed by Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

pleaseverbUS /pliːz/

give pleasure to or be pleasing to

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

presentsnounUS /ˈprezənts/

plural of “present” — the period of time that is happening now; any continuous stretch of time including the moment of speech

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

prudencenounUS /ˈpruːdəns/

discretion in practical affairs

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

publiclyadverbUS /ˈpʌblɪkli/

in a manner accessible to or observable by the public; openly

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

regulatedadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjəleɪtɪd/

controlled or governed according to rule or principle or law

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

reviewedverbUS /riˈvjuːd/

past form of “review” — look at again; examine again

From this reading He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.

rewardsnounUS /rɪˈwɔːrdz/

plural of “reward” — a recompense for worthy acts or retribution for wrongdoing

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

scythes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

spiritedadjectiveUS /ˈspɪrɪtɪd/

displaying animation, vigor, or liveliness

From this reading He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

tellingadjectiveUS /ˈtelɪŋ/

disclosing unintentionally something concealed

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

thanksgivingnounUS /ˌθæŋksˈɡɪvɪŋ/

fourth Thursday in November in the United States; second Monday in October in Canada; commemorates a feast held in 1621 by the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

thitheradverbUS /ˈðɪθɜːr/

an old word meaning “to that place”

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Cyrus judged he had sufficiently regulated his affairs at Babylon, he thought proper to take a journey into Persia.

wheneverconjunctionUS /weˈnevər/

at any time that; every time that

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He also reviewed his forces, which were in a spirited condition.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He found they consisted of 120,000 horse, 2,000 chariots armed with scythes, and 600,000 foot.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading On his way thither he went through Media, to visit Darius, to whom he carried many presents, telling him at the same time that he would find a noble palace at Babylon ready prepared for him whenever he should please to go thither.

zealnounUS /ziːl/

a feeling of strong eagerness (usually in favor of a person or cause)

From this reading Immediately after the taking of Babylon, Cyrus ordered a day of public thanksgiving to the gods, for their wonderful favors and their kind interposition; and then, having assembled his principal officers, he publicly applauded their courage and prudence, their zeal and attachment to his person, and distributed rewards to his whole army.

Chapter 23 of The Young Captives by Erasmus W. Jones holds 71 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 23 of The Young Captives contain?

Chapter 23 holds 71 sentences of The Young Captives, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 23 of The Young Captives by Erasmus W. Jones exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 71 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 23 of The Young Captives?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 23 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 23 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Young Captives

Common questions about reading The Young Captives by Erasmus W. Jones on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Young Captives?

Yes. All 3250 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #12792 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Young Captives is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #12792, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Young Captives take to read?

About 270 minutes of reading across 650 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read The Young Captives section by section

How to work through The Young Captives section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 26 chapters of The Young Captives to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in The Young Captives

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Young Captives, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Clash
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Captives; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Swords
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Captives; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cries
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Captives; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Excited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Captives; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.