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The Young Carpenters of Freiberg
The Young Carpenters of Freiberg

Chapter X

Cover illustration for The Young Carpenters of Freiberg
Context Illustration Reading 1/29 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
WAR OFTEN OPPOSES THE TEACHINGS OF CHRISTIANITY.
Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.
It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.
He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.
In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Young Carpenters of Freiberg

Chapter X

Reading 1/29 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
WAR OFTEN OPPOSES THE TEACHINGS OF CHRISTIANITY.
Line 2
Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.
Line 3
It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.
Line 4
He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.
Line 5
In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

Learner Dictionary

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, audio, and collocations from this reading.

Against preposition US /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading “In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.”

Been auxiliary verb US /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.”

Beneath preposition US /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading “In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.”

Between preposition US /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading “He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.”

Camp noun US /camp/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.”

Length noun US /leŋθ/

a period of time or extent

From this reading “It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.”

Plunder noun US /ˈplʌn.dər/

Goods or treasure taken by force or theft, especially in war or banditry.

From this reading “In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.”

Time noun US /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading “In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word is available to listen to. Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1297

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

arched

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

camp

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.

CHRISTIANITY

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WAR OFTEN OPPOSES THE TEACHINGS OF CHRISTIANITY.

Conrad

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.

days

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.

detained

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.

Donat

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

enemy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

enter

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

entrance

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

Erbis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

evening

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

exit

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

flowed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

flows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.

foundations

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

Gates

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

guarded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

hastened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

lengthnounUS /leŋθ/

a period of time or extent

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

made

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

Muenzbach

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

now

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading WAR OFTEN OPPOSES THE TEACHINGS OF CHRISTIANITY.

OFTEN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WAR OFTEN OPPOSES THE TEACHINGS OF CHRISTIANITY.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

OPPOSES

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WAR OFTEN OPPOSES THE TEACHINGS OF CHRISTIANITY.

overcast

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

permission

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

plundernounUS /ˈplʌn.dər/

Goods or treasure taken by force or theft, especially in war or banditry.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

points

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

rainy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

reach

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

received

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

return

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

river

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

streams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

strong

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

surprise

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

Swedish

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.

TEACHINGS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WAR OFTEN OPPOSES THE TEACHINGS OF CHRISTIANITY.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading WAR OFTEN OPPOSES THE TEACHINGS OF CHRISTIANITY.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

three

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.

timenounUS /time/

an important story-specific word used in this passage

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It was on an overcast, rainy evening that he at length received permission to return.

towers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

town

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

treacherous

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

two

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

use

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.

WAR

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading WAR OFTEN OPPOSES THE TEACHINGS OF CHRISTIANITY.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Conrad was detained for three days in the Swedish camp.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He hastened to reach the Muenzbach, which flows into the town in two streams between the Erbis and Donat Gates.

year

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the year 1297, an enemy had made treacherous use of this river to enter and plunder the town; and the points of its entrance and exit had from that time been guarded against surprise by strong towers, beneath the arched foundations of which the river now flowed.