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The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars
The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE POWDER MINE THE night was dark.
The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.
It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.
It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?
A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars is here in full — 108 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE POWDER MINE THE night was dark.
/ðə ˈpaʊdər maɪn ðə naɪt wɑːz dɑːrk/
Line 2
The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.
Line 3
It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.
Line 4
It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?
Line 5
A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

continuous adjective US /kənˈtɪnjuːəs/

continuing in time or space without interruption

From this reading “The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.”

downpour noun US /ˈdaʊnpɔːr/

a heavy rain

From this reading “The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.”

drizzle noun US /ˈdrɪzəl/

very light rain; stronger than mist but less than a shower

From this reading “The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.”

gleamed verb US /ɡliːmd/

past form of “gleam” — be shiny, as if wet

From this reading “A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.”

loomed verb US /luːmd/

past form of “loom” — come into view indistinctly, often threateningly

From this reading “It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.”

masses noun US /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading “It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.”

rebels noun US /ˈrebəlz/

plural of “rebel” — “Johnny” was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; “greyback” derived from their grey Confederate uniforms

From this reading “It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?”

rendering noun US /ˈrendərɪŋ/

a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.

From this reading “The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

various parts adjective + noun

In this reading “It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?”

certain amount adjective + noun

In this reading “It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?”

within sight preposition + noun

In this reading “The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.”

black masses adjective + noun

In this reading “It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.”

narrow window verb + noun

In this reading “A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.”

gleamed through verb + particle counted as “gleam through”

In this reading “A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.”

came within verb + particle counted as “come within”

In this reading “The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.”

at the sight preposition + article + noun counted as “at … sight”

In this reading “It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.”

All words in this reading · 99

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

amountnounUS /əˈmaʊnt/

a quantity of money

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

aroseverbUS /ərˈoʊz/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

belongverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋ/

be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

castlenounUS /ˈkæsəl/

a large and stately mansion

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

continuousadjectiveUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəs/

continuing in time or space without interruption

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading THE POWDER MINE THE night was dark.

darknessnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

Didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

downpournounUS /ˈdaʊnpɔːr/

a heavy rain

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

drivenadjectiveUS /ˈdrɪvən/

compelled forcibly by an outside agency

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

drizzlenounUS /ˈdrɪzəl/

very light rain; stronger than mist but less than a shower

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

Emsworth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

ereconjunctionUS /er/

an old word for “before”

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

father'snounUS /ˈfɑːðərz/

possessive form of “father” — a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

gatehousenoun

a house built at a gateway; usually the gatekeeper's residence

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

gleamedverbUS /ɡliːmd/

past form of “gleam” — be shiny, as if wet

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

heapnounUS /hiːp/

a collection of objects laid on top of each other

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

indistinctlyadverb

in a dim indistinct manner

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

loomedverbUS /luːmd/

past form of “loom” — come into view indistinctly, often threateningly

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

Markhams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

massesnounUS /ˈmæsəz/

the common people generally

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

metverbUS /met/

inflected form of “meet” — come together

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

midnightnounUS /ˈmɪdnaɪt/

12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

MINEpronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading THE POWDER MINE THE night was dark.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading THE POWDER MINE THE night was dark.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

POWDERnounUS /ˈpaʊdər/

a solid substance in the form of tiny loose particles; a solid that has been pulverized

From this reading THE POWDER MINE THE night was dark.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

rebelsnounUS /ˈrebəlz/

plural of “rebel” — “Johnny” was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; “greyback” derived from their grey Confederate uniforms

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

reducedadjectiveUS /rəˈduːst/

made less in size or amount or degree

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

renderingnounUS /ˈrendərɪŋ/

a performance of a musical composition or a dramatic role etc.

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

satisfactionnounUS /ˌsætəˈsfækʃən/

the contentment one feels when one has fulfilled a desire, need, or expectation

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

solitaryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːləteri/

characterized by or preferring solitude

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE POWDER MINE THE night was dark.

throbbed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

tillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

violentlyadverbUS /ˈvaɪələntli/

in a violent manner

From this reading It must have been nearly midnight ere the black masses of the castle loomed indistinctly against the darkness, and at the sight of the familiar building my heart throbbed violently.

walkingadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːkɪŋ/

close enough to be walked to

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

wardnounUS /wɔːrd/

a person who is under the protection or in the custody of another

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE POWDER MINE THE night was dark.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

wayfarernoun

a pedestrian who walks from place to place

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It was a certain amount of satisfaction to find that the castle had not been reduced to a heap of stone, like many I had seen in various parts of the country; but the question arose in my mind, Did it still belong to the Markhams, or were my people driven out by the rebels?

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading A solitary light gleamed through the narrow window above the gatehouse, so that I knew that watch and ward was being kept.

withinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading The drizzle had increased to a continuous downpour, rendering walking a matter of difficulty, and from the time I left Emsworth till the time I came within sight of my father's home I never met a solitary wayfarer.

Chapter 12 of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman holds 108 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars contain?

Chapter 12 holds 108 sentences of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 108 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars by Percy F. (Percy Francis) Westerman on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #42689, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 212 minutes of reading across 509 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Shall
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Remember
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
August
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grace
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Cavalier: A Story of the Civil Wars; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.