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The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories
The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories is here in full — 198 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/39 · 5 lines
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There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.
There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.
Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.
How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.
In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories is here in full — 198 sentences across 40 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/39 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.
Line 2
There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.
Line 3
Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.
Line 4
How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.
Line 5
In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

coves noun US /koʊvz/

plural of “cove” — a small inlet

From this reading “Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.”

denominated verb US /dɪˈnɑːməneɪtɪd/

past form of “denominate” — assign a name or title to

From this reading “Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.”

Ike noun US /aɪk/

United States general who supervised the invasion of Normandy and the defeat of Nazi Germany; 34th President of the United States (1890-1961)

From this reading “How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.”

jutting adjective US /ˈdʒʌtɪŋ/

extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary

From this reading “In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.”

sandstone noun US /ˈsændstoʊn/

a sedimentary rock consisting of sand consolidated with some cement (clay or quartz etc.)

From this reading “There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.”

stepfather noun US /ˈstepfɑːðər/

the husband of your mother by a subsequent marriage

From this reading “In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.”

sterility noun US /stərˈɪlɪti/

(of non-living objects) the state of being free of pathogenic organisms

From this reading “Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.”

vales noun US /veɪlz/

plural of “vale” — a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading “Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

aroundprepositionUS /ərˈaʊnd/

surrounding, or on every side of, something

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

bareadjectiveUS /ber/

completely unclothed

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

basenounUS /beɪs/

installation from which a military force initiates operations

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

beetlingadjective

jutting or overhanging

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

BetweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

BigadjectiveUS /bɪɡ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

bitterlyadverbUS /ˈbɪtərli/

with bitterness; in a resentful manner

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

blacksmith's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

bull-tongue

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

cabinnounUS /ˈkæbən/

small room on a ship or boat where people sleep

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

chertyadjective

resembling or containing chert

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

cliffnounUS /klɪf/

a steep high face of rock

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

closeadjectiveUS /kloʊs/

at or within a short distance in space or time or having elements near each other

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

contrastnounUS /ˈkɑːntræst/

the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

covesnounUS /koʊvz/

plural of “cove” — a small inlet

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

cragsnounUS /kræɡz/

plural of “crag” — a steep rugged rock or cliff

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

crappin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

denominatedverbUS /dɪˈnɑːməneɪtɪd/

past form of “denominate” — assign a name or title to

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

fertileadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrtəl/

capable of reproducing

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

forgeverbUS /fɔːrdʒ/

create by hammering

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

furrows

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

grimadjectiveUS /ɡrɪm/

not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

growthnounUS /ɡroʊθ/

(biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

Hooden

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

IkenounUS /aɪk/

United States general who supervised the invasion of Normandy and the defeat of Nazi Germany; 34th President of the United States (1890-1961)

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

Injunnoun

(slang) offensive term for Native Americans

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

intervalsnounUS /ˈɪntərvəlz/

plural of “interval” — a definite length of time marked off by two instants

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

juttingadjectiveUS /ˈdʒʌtɪŋ/

extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

logverbUS /lɔːɡ/

enter into a log, as on ships and planes

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

logsnounUS /lɔːɡz/

plural of “log” — a segment of the trunk of a tree when stripped of branches

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

lurkedverbUS /lɜːrkt/

past form of “lurk” — lie in wait, lie in ambush, behave in a sneaky and secretive manner

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

melancholynounUS /ˈmelənkɑːli/

a feeling of thoughtful sadness

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

MountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

pinesnounUS /paɪnz/

plural of “pine” — a coniferous tree

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

piteouslyadverb

in a piteous manner

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

ploughnounUS /plaʊ/

a group of seven bright stars in the constellation Ursa Major

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

PooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

poorestadjectiveUS /ˈpuːrɪst/

superlative of “poor” — deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

sandstonenounUS /ˈsændstoʊn/

a sedimentary rock consisting of sand consolidated with some cement (clay or quartz etc.)

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

sandyadjectiveUS /ˈsændi/

of hair color; pale yellowish to yellowish brown

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

shadownounUS /ˈʃæd.oʊ/

A dark area or shape produced by a body coming between rays of light and a surface.

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

shantynounUS /ˈʃænti/

small crude shelter used as a dwelling

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

shopverbUS /ʃɑːp/

do one's shopping

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

soilnounUS /sɔɪl/

the state of being covered with unclean things

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

sorryadjectiveUS /ˈsɑːri/

feeling or expressing regret or sorrow or a sense of loss over something done or undone

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

StatenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

stepfathernounUS /ˈstepfɑːðər/

the husband of your mother by a subsequent marriage

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

sterilitynounUS /stərˈɪlɪti/

(of non-living objects) the state of being free of pathogenic organisms

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

stretchverbUS /stretʃ/

occupy a large, elongated area

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

stuntedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌntɪd/

inferior in size or quality

From this reading There was the long line of cherty hills to the left, covered by a dark growth of stunted pines.

TennesseenounUS /ˌtenəˈsiː/

a state in east central United States

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

testifyverbUS /ˈtestəfaɪ/

give testimony in a court of law

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

unhewnadjective

(of stone especially) not given a finished form by or as if by hewing

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

valesnounUS /veɪlz/

plural of “vale” — a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

ValleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

valleysnounUS /ˈvæliz/

plural of “valley” — a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Between lay that melancholy stretch of sterility known as Poor Valley,--the poorest of the several valleys in Tennessee thus piteously denominated, because of the sorry contrast which they present to the rich coves and fertile vales so usual among the mountains of the State.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There was the grim Big Injun Mountain to the right, with its bare, beetling sandstone crags.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading In the intervals of "crappin'" he worked at the forge with his stepfather, for close at hand, in the shadow of a great jutting cliff, lurked a dark little shanty of unhewn logs that was a blacksmith's shop.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading How poor the soil was, Ike Hooden might bitterly testify; for ever since he could hold a plough he had, year after year, followed the old "bull-tongue" through the furrows of the sandy fields which lay around the log cabin at the base of the mountain.

Chapter 1 of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories by Charles Egbert Craddock holds 198 sentences, grouped into 40 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories contain?

Chapter 1 holds 198 sentences of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories, unabridged, divided into 40 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories by Charles Egbert Craddock exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 198 sentences, grouped into 40 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories?

Work through the 40 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 40 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories

Common questions about reading The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories by Charles Egbert Craddock on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories?

Yes. All 2223 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #20365 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #20365, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories take to read?

About 185 minutes of reading across 445 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories

Words and structures a reader meets early in The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Injun
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mountain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Right
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beetling
A word that appears in the opening chapter of The Young Mountaineers: Short Stories; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.