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Theatrical and Circus Life
Theatrical and Circus Life

Chapter XL

Chapter 40 of Theatrical and Circus Life is here in full — 221 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Theatrical and Circus Life
Context Illustration Reading 1/44 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IN THE MENAGERIE.
Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.
It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.
There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.
It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Theatrical and Circus Life

Chapter XL

Chapter 40 of Theatrical and Circus Life is here in full — 221 sentences across 45 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/44 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN THE MENAGERIE.
/ɪn ðə məˈnædʒəri/
Line 2
Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.
Line 3
It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.
/ɪt lʊks laɪk ə ˈpɑːndərəs əˈfer bʌt ˌɪnvestəˈɡeɪʃən ʃoʊz ðæt ɪt ɪz meɪd ʌv wʊd/
Line 4
There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.
/ðer ɪz ə ˌlætəˈtuːdənəl slɪt æt ðə ˈloʊər end ənd ə ˈlevər/
Line 5
It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.
/ɪt riˈkwaɪərz æn ˈefərt tuː pʊʃ ðə ˈlevər bæk wɪtʃ ˈɪndɪkeɪts ðæt ðer ɪz ə ˈprɪti strɔːŋ sprɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈbɑːtəm ʌv ðə ˈkænən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

indicates verb US /ˈɪndɪkeɪts/

third-person singular of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading “It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.”

investigation noun US /ˌɪnvestəˈɡeɪʃən/

an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities

From this reading “It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.”

latitudinal adjective US /ˌlætəˈtuːdənəl/

of or relating to latitudes north or south

From this reading “There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.”

lever noun US /ˈlevər/

a rigid bar pivoted about a fulcrum

From this reading “There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.”

menagerie noun US /məˈnædʒəri/

a collection of live animals for study or display

From this reading “IN THE MENAGERIE.”

ponderous adjective US /ˈpɑːndərəs/

slow and laborious because of weight

From this reading “It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.”

requires verb US /riˈkwaɪərz/

third-person singular of “require” — require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading “It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.”

slit noun US /slɪt/

a long narrow opening

From this reading “There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

lower end verb + noun

In this reading “There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.”

look at verb + particle

take into consideration for exemplifying purposes

In this reading “Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.”

Before entering preposition + noun

In this reading “Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.”

All words in this reading · 48

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

affairnounUS /əˈfer/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

cannonnounUS /ˈkænən/

a large artillery gun that is usually on wheels

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

dressing-tent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.

enteringnounUS /ˈentərɪŋ/

a movement into or inward

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

hugeadjectiveUS /hjuːdʒ/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN THE MENAGERIE.

indicatesverbUS /ˈɪndɪkeɪts/

third-person singular of “indicate” — be a signal for or a symptom of

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

investigationnounUS /ˌɪnvestəˈɡeɪʃən/

an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

latitudinaladjectiveUS /ˌlætəˈtuːdənəl/

of or relating to latitudes north or south

From this reading There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

levernounUS /ˈlevər/

a rigid bar pivoted about a fulcrum

From this reading There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

looksnounUS /lʊks/

plural of “look” — the feelings expressed on a person's face

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

MENAGERIEnounUS /məˈnædʒəri/

a collection of live animals for study or display

From this reading IN THE MENAGERIE.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

outsideadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtˈsaɪd/

relating to or being on or near the outer side or limit

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

ponderousadjectiveUS /ˈpɑːndərəs/

slow and laborious because of weight

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

prettyadjectiveUS /ˈprɪti/

pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

pushverbUS /pʊʃ/

move with force

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

requiresverbUS /riˈkwaɪərz/

third-person singular of “require” — require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

showsnounUS /ʃoʊz/

plural of “show” — the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

slitnounUS /slɪt/

a long narrow opening

From this reading There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.

springnounUS /sprɪŋ/

the season of growth

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN THE MENAGERIE.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is a latitudinal slit at the lower end and a lever.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Before entering the menagerie let us look at the huge cannon standing here outside the dressing-tent.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It requires an effort to push the lever back which indicates that there is a pretty strong spring in the bottom of the cannon.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading It looks like a ponderous affair, but investigation shows that it is made of wood.

Chapter 40 of Theatrical and Circus Life by John J. (John Joseph) Jennings holds 221 sentences, grouped into 45 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 40 of Theatrical and Circus Life contain?

Chapter 40 holds 221 sentences of Theatrical and Circus Life, unabridged, divided into 45 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 40 of Theatrical and Circus Life by John J. (John Joseph) Jennings exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 221 sentences, grouped into 45 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 40 of Theatrical and Circus Life?

Work through the 45 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 45 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 40 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 40 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Theatrical and Circus Life

Common questions about reading Theatrical and Circus Life by John J. (John Joseph) Jennings on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Theatrical and Circus Life?

Yes. All 5488 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #49517 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Theatrical and Circus Life is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #49517, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Theatrical and Circus Life take to read?

About 457 minutes of reading across 1098 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Theatrical and Circus Life section by section

How to work through Theatrical and Circus Life section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Theatrical and Circus Life to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Theatrical and Circus Life

Words and structures a reader meets early in Theatrical and Circus Life, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Secrets
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Theatrical and Circus Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stage
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Theatrical and Circus Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Green-room
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Theatrical and Circus Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sawdust
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Theatrical and Circus Life; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.