Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Things To Make
Things To Make

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Things To Make is here in full — 756 sentences across 152 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Things To Make
Context Illustration Reading 1/151 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.
It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).
XXVIII.
WIND VANES WITH DIALS.
It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Things To Make

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Things To Make is here in full — 756 sentences across 152 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/151 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.
Line 2
It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).
Line 3
XXVIII.
Line 4
WIND VANES WITH DIALS.
/waɪnd veɪnz wɪð ˈdaɪəlz/
Line 5
It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.
/ɪt ɪz ˈdɪfəkəlt tuː tel frʌm ə ˈdɪstəns ɪn wɪtʃ dərˈekʃən ðə ˈæroʊ ʌv ə waɪnd veɪn pɔɪnts wen ðə ˈæroʊ laɪz əˈbliːkli tuː ðə ˈspekteɪtər ɔːr pɔɪnts dərˈektli təˈwɔːrdz ɔːr əˈweɪ frʌm hɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dials noun US /ˈdaɪəlz/

plural of “dial” — the face of a timepiece; graduated to show the hours

From this reading “WIND VANES WITH DIALS.”

diameter noun US /daɪˈæmətər/

the length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference

From this reading “It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).”

freezing noun US /ˈfriːzɪŋ/

the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid

From this reading “Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.”

hinge noun US /hɪndʒ/

a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing relative to the other

From this reading “It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).”

obliquely adverb US /əˈbliːkli/

to, toward or at one side

From this reading “It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.”

thicker adjective US /ˈθɪkər/

comparative of “thick” — not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading “It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).”

vane noun US /veɪn/

mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind

From this reading “It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.”

vanes noun US /veɪnz/

plural of “vane” — mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind

From this reading “WIND VANES WITH DIALS.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

from a distance preposition + article + noun counted as “from … distance”

In this reading “It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.”

All words in this reading · 66

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

154

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

arrownounUS /ˈæroʊ/

a mark to indicate a direction or relation

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

burstverbUS /bɜːrst/

come open suddenly and violently, as if from internal pressure

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

DIALSnounUS /ˈdaɪəlz/

plural of “dial” — the face of a timepiece; graduated to show the hours

From this reading WIND VANES WITH DIALS.

diameternounUS /daɪˈæmətər/

the length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

difficultadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfəkəlt/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

directlyadverbUS /dərˈektli/

without deviation

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

FignounUS /fɪɡ/

a diagram or picture illustrating textual material

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

fitverbUS /fɪt/

be agreeable or acceptable to

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

freezingnounUS /ˈfriːzɪŋ/

the withdrawal of heat to change something from a liquid to a solid

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

frostnounUS /frɔːst/

ice crystals forming a white deposit (especially on objects outside)

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

groovedadjective

established as if settled into a groove or rut

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

hingenounUS /hɪndʒ/

a joint that holds two parts together so that one can swing relative to the other

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

inchnounUS /ɪntʃ/

a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

obliquelyadverbUS /əˈbliːkli/

to, toward or at one side

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

piecenounUS /piːs/

a separate part of a whole

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

ProtectionnounUS /prəˈtekʃən/

the activity of protecting someone or something

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

rain-gauge

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

requiresverbUS /riˈkwaɪərz/

third-person singular of “require” — require as useful, just, or proper

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

shutverbUS /ʃʌt/

move so that an opening or passage is obstructed; make shut

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

spectatornounUS /ˈspekteɪtər/

a close observer; someone who looks at something (such as an exhibition of some kind)

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

supportnounUS /səˈpɔːrt/

the activity of providing for or maintaining by supplying with money or necessities

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

thickeradjectiveUS /ˈθɪkər/

comparative of “thick” — not thin; of a specific thickness or of relatively great extent from one surface to the opposite usually in the smallest of the three solid dimensions

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

towardsprepositionUS /təˈwɔːrdz/

in the direction of

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

tubenounUS /tuːb/

conduit consisting of a long hollow object (usually cylindrical) used to hold and conduct objects or liquids or gases

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

vanenounUS /veɪn/

mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

VANESnounUS /veɪnz/

plural of “vane” — mechanical device attached to an elevated structure; rotates freely to show the direction of the wind

From this reading WIND VANES WITH DIALS.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

WeathernounUS /ˈweðər/

the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It is difficult to tell from a distance in which direction the arrow of a wind vane points when the arrow lies obliquely to the spectator, or points directly towards or away from him.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

WINDnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading WIND VANES WITH DIALS.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading WIND VANES WITH DIALS.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading It will be sufficient to hinge to the front of the support a piece of wood half an inch thicker than the diameter of the tube, grooved out so as to fit the tube when shut round it (Fig 154).

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Protection against the Weather.—A rain-gauge of this kind requires protection against frost, as the freezing of the water would burst the tube.

XXVIIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of twenty-seven and one

From this reading XXVIII.

Chapter 7 of Things To Make by Archibald Williams holds 756 sentences, grouped into 152 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Things To Make contain?

Chapter 7 holds 756 sentences of Things To Make, unabridged, divided into 152 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Things To Make by Archibald Williams exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 756 sentences, grouped into 152 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Things To Make?

Work through the 152 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 152 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Things To Make

Common questions about reading Things To Make by Archibald Williams on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Things To Make?

Yes. All 3209 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #14664 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Things To Make is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #14664, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Things To Make take to read?

About 267 minutes of reading across 642 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Things To Make section by section

How to work through Things To Make section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 7 chapters of Things To Make to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Things To Make

Words and structures a reader meets early in Things To Make, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Version
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Things To Make; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Viewed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Things To Make; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Using
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Things To Make; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Facing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Things To Make; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.