Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the
Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the is here in full — 237 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the
Context Illustration Reading 1/47 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.
Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.
Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.
We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.
Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the is here in full — 237 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/47 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.
Line 2
Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.
Line 3
Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.
Line 4
We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.
/wiː tʊk ðə treɪl əˈlɔːŋ ðə fʊt ʌv ðə ˈrɑːki ˈmaʊntənz ˈrʌnɪŋ nɔːrθ ənˈtɪl ˈæftər ˈkrɔːsɪŋ nɔːrθ plæt/
Line 5
Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.
/hiːr wiː strʌk əˈkrɔːs ðə bæd lændz ənd aɪ θɔːt ðæt ɪf ðer ˈevər wɑːz ə pleɪs ˈraɪtli neɪmd ɪt ˈʃʊrli wɑːz ðɪs ˈsekʃən ʌv ˈkʌntri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

carson noun US /ˈkɑːrsən/

United States biologist remembered for her opposition to the use of pesticides that were hazardous to wildlife (1907-1964)

From this reading “KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.”

company's noun US /ˈkʌmpəniz/

possessive form of “company” — an institution created to conduct business

From this reading “KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.”

emigrants noun US /ˈeməɡrənts/

plural of “emigrant” — someone who leaves one country to settle in another

From this reading “KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.”

Platte noun US /plæt/

a river in Nebraska that flows eastward to become a tributary of the Missouri River

From this reading “We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.”

spoiling noun US /ˈspɔɪlɪŋ/

the process of becoming spoiled

From this reading “KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.”

Taos noun US /taʊz/

a member of the Pueblo people living in northern New Mexico

From this reading “Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.”

trapper noun US /ˈtræpər/

someone who sets traps for animals (usually to obtain their furs)

From this reading “KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.”

trapping noun US /ˈtræpɪŋ/

stable gear consisting of a decorated covering for a horse, especially (formerly) for a warhorse

From this reading “Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.”

All words in this reading · 101

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1852

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

ArrivingverbUS /ərˈaɪvɪŋ/

-ing form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

BadadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

BAYnounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

Beckwith

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

Bridger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

CARSONnounUS /ˈkɑːrsən/

United States biologist remembered for her opposition to the use of pesticides that were hazardous to wildlife (1907-1964)

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

COMPANY'SnounUS /ˈkʌmpəniz/

possessive form of “company” — an institution created to conduct business

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

consistingverbUS /kənˈsɪstɪŋ/

-ing form of “consist” — originate

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

crossingnounUS /ˈkrɔːsɪŋ/

traveling across

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

eightadjectiveUS /eɪt/

being one more than seven

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

EMIGRANTSnounUS /ˈeməɡrənts/

plural of “emigrant” — someone who leaves one country to settle in another

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

fallverbUS /fɔːl/

descend in free fall under the influence of gravity

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

FIGHTverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

footnounUS /fʊt/

the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

FORprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

GOODadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

GreennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

Harrington

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

HUDSONnounUS /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

Jake

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

Jim

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

Johnnie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

KILLSnounUS /kɪlz/

plural of “kill” — the act of terminating a life

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

KITnounUS /kɪt/

a case for containing a set of articles

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

LandsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

MountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

northnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

organizedadjectiveUS /ˈɔːrɡənaɪzd/

formed into a structured or coherent whole, particularly on a large scale

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

PlattenounUS /plæt/

a river in Nebraska that flows eastward to become a tributary of the Missouri River

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

pulledverbUS /pʊld/

past form of “pull” — cause to move by pulling

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

rightlyadverbUS /ˈraɪtli/

with honesty

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

RockyadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːki/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

roughadjectiveUS /rʌf/

having or caused by an irregular surface

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

sectionnounUS /ˈsekʃən/

a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical)

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

SOCIALadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

SPOILINGnounUS /ˈspɔɪlɪŋ/

the process of becoming spoiled

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

struckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

surelyadverbUS /ˈʃʊrli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

TaosnounUS /taʊz/

a member of the Pueblo people living in northern New Mexico

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

tediousadjectiveUS /ˈtiːdiəs/

so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Here we struck across the Bad Lands, and I thought that if there ever was a place rightly named, it surely was this section of country.

TIMEnounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

trailnounUS /treɪl/

a track or mark left by something that has passed

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

TRAINverbUS /treɪn/

create by training and teaching

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

TRAPPERnounUS /ˈtræpər/

someone who sets traps for animals (usually to obtain their furs)

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

trappingnounUS /ˈtræpɪŋ/

stable gear consisting of a decorated covering for a horse, especially (formerly) for a warhorse

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

UnclenounUS /ˈʌŋkəl/

the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading We took the trail along the foot of the Rocky Mountains, running north until after crossing North Platte.

WASauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Early in the fall of 1852 we pulled out for the head of Green river, which was a long and tedious journey, being more than eight hundred miles from Taos and over a rough country.

WHOpronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading Arriving at Taos I learned that Uncle Kit had his trapping company already organized for the coming winter, consisting of himself, Jim Bridger, Jim Beckwith, Jake Harrington, Johnnie West and myself, six in all.

WITHprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading KIT CARSON KILLS A HUDSON BAY COMPANY'S TRAPPER, WHO WAS SPOILING FOR A FIGHT.--SOCIAL GOOD TIME WITH A TRAIN OF EMIGRANTS.

Chapter 7 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the by William F. Drannan holds 237 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the contain?

Chapter 7 holds 237 sentences of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the by William F. Drannan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 237 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 48 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the

Common questions about reading Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the by William F. Drannan on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the?

Yes. All 5390 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5337 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5337, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the take to read?

About 449 minutes of reading across 1078 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the section by section

How to work through Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the

Words and structures a reader meets early in Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beginning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Adventurous
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Turkey
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.