Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the is here in full — 94 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

By William F. Drannan • Curated US English Learning Edition

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MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

--A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

But to make sure that no more of the crawling trains would be winding along that way this season, myself and another scout, with two days' rations, started on a little scurry eastward.

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LEARNER DICTIONARY

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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Chapter XXXI Reading 1/18

Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the William F. Drannan

Chapter XXXI

Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the is here in full — 94 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION. --A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS. We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians. When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma. But to make sure that no more of the crawling trains would be winding along that way this season, myself and another scout, with two days' rations, started on a little scurry eastward.

Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the is here in full — 94 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1

MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

Line 2

--A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

Line 3

We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

/wiː rɪˈmeɪnd hiːr fɔːr sʌm wiːks jet ˈpaɪlətɪŋ ənd ˈeskɔːrtɪŋ ˈeməɡrənts θruː ðə ˈmaʊntənz bʌt ˈhævɪŋ ˈveri fjuː skræps wɪð ðə ˈɪndiənz/

Line 4

When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

/wen ðə ˈeməɡrənts kwɪt ˈkʌmɪŋ ənd ˈaʊər prəˈvɪʒənz hæd rʌn ˈveri loʊ wiː meɪd ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz tuː rɪˈtɜːrn tuː fɔːrt ˈjuːmə/

Line 5

But to make sure that no more of the crawling trains would be winding along that way this season, myself and another scout, with two days' rations, started on a little scurry eastward.

/bʌt tuː meɪk ʃʊr ðæt noʊ mɔːr ʌv ðə ˈkrɔːlɪŋ treɪnz wʊd biː ˈwaɪndɪŋ əˈlɔːŋ ðæt weɪ ðɪs ˈsiːzən ˌmaɪˈself ənd əˈnʌðər skaʊt wɪð tuː deɪz ˈræʃənz ˈstɑːrtɪd ɑːn ə ˈlɪtəl ˈskɜːri ˈiːstwərd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

emigrants noun US /ˈeməɡrənts/

plural of “emigrant” — someone who leaves one country to settle in another

From this reading “We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.”

escorting verb US /ˈeskɔːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “escort” — accompany as an escort

From this reading “We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.”

massacre verb US /ˈmæsəkər/

kill a large number of people indiscriminately

From this reading “MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.”

piloting noun US /ˈpaɪlətɪŋ/

the guidance of ships or airplanes from place to place

From this reading “We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.”

rations noun US /ˈræʃənz/

plural of “ration” — the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel)

From this reading “But to make sure that no more of the crawling trains would be winding along that way this season, myself and another scout, with two days' rations, started on a little scurry eastward.”

retribution noun US /ˌret.rəˈbjuː.ʃən/

Punishment inflicted on someone as vengeance for a wrong act. (Sự trừng phạt, quả báo thích đáng.)

From this reading “MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.”

scurry verb US /ˈskɜːri/

to move about or proceed hurriedly

Yuma noun US /ˈjuːmə/

a member of the North American Indian people of Arizona and adjacent Mexico and California

From this reading “When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading But to make sure that no more of the crawling trains would be winding along that way this season, myself and another scout, with two days' rations, started on a little scurry eastward.

AMauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading --A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

BURIALnounUS /ˈberiəl/

the ritual placing of a corpse in a grave

From this reading --A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

BUSINESSnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading --A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

crawlingnounUS /ˈkrɔːlɪŋ/

a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body

DAVISnounUS /ˈdeɪvəs/

English navigator who explored the Arctic while searching for the Northwest Passage (1550-1605)

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

DEADadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading --A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

eastwardadjectiveUS /ˈiːstwərd/

moving toward the east

emigrantsnounUS /ˈeməɡrənts/

plural of “emigrant” — someone who leaves one country to settle in another

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

escortingverbUS /ˈeskɔːrtɪŋ/

-ing form of “escort” — accompany as an escort

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

FAMILYnounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

FortnounUS /fɔːrt/

a fortified military post where troops are stationed

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

HARDadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading --A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

MASSACREverbUS /ˈmæsəkər/

kill a large number of people indiscriminately

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

pilotingnounUS /ˈpaɪlətɪŋ/

the guidance of ships or airplanes from place to place

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

PITIFULadjectiveUS /ˈpɪtəfəl/

inspiring mixed contempt and pity

From this reading --A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

preparationsnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

provisionsnounUS /prəˈvɪʒənz/

a stock or supply of foods

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

quitverbUS /kwɪt/

put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

rationsnounUS /ˈræʃənz/

plural of “ration” — the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel)

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

RETRIBUTIONnounUS /ˌret.rəˈbjuː.ʃən/

Punishment inflicted on someone as vengeance for a wrong act. (Sự trừng phạt, quả báo thích đáng.)

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

RIDEverbUS /raɪd/

sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

runverbUS /rʌn/

move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

scoutnounUS /skaʊt/

a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

scrapsnounUS /skræps/

food that is discarded (as from a kitchen)

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

scurryverbUS /ˈskɜːri/

to move about or proceed hurriedly

seasonnounUS /ˈsiːzən/

a period of the year marked by special events or activities in some field

SICKadjectiveUS /sɪk/

affected by an impairment of normal physical or mental function

From this reading --A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

STORYnounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading --A PITIFUL STORY.--BURIAL OF THE DEAD.--I AM SICK OF THE BUSINESS.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

SWIFTadjectiveUS /swɪft/

moving very fast

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MASSACRE OF THE DAVIS FAMILY.--A HARD RIDE AND SWIFT RETRIBUTION.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

trainsnounUS /treɪnz/

plural of “train” — public transport provided by a line of railway cars coupled together and drawn by a locomotive

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

windingadjectiveUS /ˈwaɪndɪŋ/

marked by repeated turns and bends

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading We remained here for some weeks yet, piloting and escorting emigrants through the mountains, but having very few scraps with the Indians.

YumanounUS /ˈjuːmə/

a member of the North American Indian people of Arizona and adjacent Mexico and California

From this reading When the emigrants quit coming and our provisions had run very low, we made preparations to return to Fort Yuma.

Chapter 31 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the by William F. Drannan holds 94 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 31 holds 94 sentences of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the by William F. Drannan exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 94 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

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