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Thomas Carlyle
Thomas Carlyle

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Thomas Carlyle is here in full — 320 sentences across 64 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/64 · 5 lines
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ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.
His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.
Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.
[Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]
The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Thomas Carlyle

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Thomas Carlyle is here in full — 320 sentences across 64 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/64 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.
Line 2
His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.
Line 3
Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.
Line 4
[Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]
/ˈfʊtnoʊt ˈiːvɪn ðə moʊst ædˈvɜːrs ˈkrɪtɪks ʌv ˈkɑːrlaɪl ɑːr ˈɔːfən hɪz ˈɪmɪteɪtərz ðer hændz ˈteɪkɪŋ ə daɪ frʌm wʌt ðeɪ wɜːrk ɪn/
Line 5
The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Athenaeum noun US /ˌæθəˈniːəm/

a literary or scientific association for the promotion of learning

biographies noun US /baɪˈɑːɡrəfiz/

plural of “biography” — an account of the series of events making up a person's life

From this reading “ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.”

deductions noun US /dɪˈdʌkʃənz/

plural of “deduction” — a reduction in the gross amount on which a tax is calculated; reduces taxes by the percentage fixed for the taxpayer's income bracket

From this reading “His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.”

divides noun US /dɪˈvaɪdz/

plural of “divide” — a serious disagreement between two groups of people (typically producing tension or hostility)

From this reading “Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.”

genealogy noun US /ˌdʒiːniˈɑːlədʒi/

successive generations of kin

From this reading “ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.”

imitators noun US /ˈɪmɪteɪtərz/

plural of “imitator” — someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another

From this reading “[Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]”

overrate verb US /ˌoʊvərˈreɪt/

make too high an estimate of

From this reading “ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.”

prefaced verb US /ˈprefəst/

past form of “preface” — furnish with a preface or introduction

From this reading “ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.”

All words in this reading · 136

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1795

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

1826

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

aboundverbUS /əˈbaʊnd/

be abundant or plentiful; exist in large quantities

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

acceptverbUS /ækˈsept/

consider or hold as true

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

acceptedadjectiveUS /ækˈseptɪd/

generally approved or compelling recognition

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

accordingadjectiveUS /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

(followed by “to”) in agreement with or accordant with

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

adverseadjectiveUS /ædˈvɜːrs/

contrary to your interests or welfare

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

Aitkens

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

ancestrynounUS /ˈænsestri/

the descendants of one individual

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

Annandale

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

AthenaeumnounUS /ˌæθəˈniːəm/

a literary or scientific association for the promotion of learning

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

autobiographynounUS /ˌɔːtəbaɪˈɑːɡrəfi/

a biography of yourself

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

biographiesnounUS /baɪˈɑːɡrəfiz/

plural of “biography” — an account of the series of events making up a person's life

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

BordernounUS /ˈbɔːrdər/

a line that indicates a boundary

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

CarlylenounUS /ˈkɑːrlaɪl/

Scottish historian who wrote about the French Revolution (1795-1881)

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

Carlyles

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

commentnounUS /ˈkɑːment/

a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

contemporaryadjectiveUS /kənˈtempəreri/

characteristic of the present

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

createdverbUS /kriˈeɪtəd/

past form of “create” — make or cause to be or to become

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

criticnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪk/

a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

criticised

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

criticsnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪks/

plural of “critic” — a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

DavidnounUS /ˈdeɪvɪd/

patron saint of Wales (circa 520-600)

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

deductionsnounUS /dɪˈdʌkʃənz/

plural of “deduction” — a reduction in the gross amount on which a tax is calculated; reduces taxes by the percentage fixed for the taxpayer's income bracket

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

defences

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

differentlyadverbUS /ˈdɪfrəntli/

in another and different manner

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

disdainverbUS /dɪsˈdeɪn/

look down on with disdain

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

dividesnounUS /dɪˈvaɪdz/

plural of “divide” — a serious disagreement between two groups of people (typically producing tension or hostility)

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

dyeverbUS /daɪ/

color with dye

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

ECCLEFECHAN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

EDINBURGHnounUS /ˈedənbəroʊ/

the capital of Scotland; located in the Lothian Region on the south side of the Firth of Forth

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

EdwardnounUS /ˈedwərd/

King of England and Ireland in 1936; his marriage to Wallis Warfield Simpson created a constitutional crisis leading to his abdication (1894-1972)

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

essaysnounUS /eˈseɪz/

plural of “essay” — an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

EvenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

familynounUS /ˈfæməli/

a social unit living together

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

fevernounUS /ˈfiːvər/

a rise in the temperature of the body; frequently a symptom of infection

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

foolsnounUS /fuːlz/

plural of “fool” — a person who lacks good judgment

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

FootnotenounUS /ˈfʊtnoʊt/

a printed note placed below the text on a printed page

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

formnounUS /fɔːrm/

the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

fragmentsnounUS /ˈfræɡmənts/

plural of “fragment” — a piece broken off or cut off of something else

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

Friedrich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

full-lengthadjective

representing or accommodating the entire length

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

Fuseli

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

genealogynounUS /ˌdʒiːniˈɑːlədʒi/

successive generations of kin

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

grainnounUS /ɡreɪn/

a relatively small granular particle of a substance

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

hero-worshipverb

love unquestioningly and uncritically or to excess; venerate as an idol

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

imitatorsnounUS /ˈɪmɪteɪtərz/

plural of “imitator” — someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

influencesnounUS /ˈɪnfluːənsɪz/

plural of “influence” — a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

inheritedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈherətɪd/

occurring among members of a family usually by heredity

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

introductionnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

IrvingnounUS /ˈɜːrvɪŋ/

United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

kindredadjectiveUS /ˈkɪndrɪd/

similar in quality or character

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

legendnounUS /ˈledʒənd/

a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

LordnounUS /lɔːrd/

terms referring to the Judeo-Christian God

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

mankindnounUS /ˈmænˈkaɪnd/

all of the living human inhabitants of the earth

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

mortalsnounUS /ˈmɔːrtəlz/

plural of “mortal” — a human being

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

overrateverbUS /ˌoʊvərˈreɪt/

make too high an estimate of

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

portraitsnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrəts/

plural of “portrait” — a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

prefacedverbUS /ˈprefəst/

past form of “preface” — furnish with a preface or introduction

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

quotedverbUS /ˈkwoʊtɪd/

past form of “quote” — repeat a passage from

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

recogniseverbUS /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/

show approval or appreciation of

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

referencenounUS /ˈrefərəns/

a remark that calls attention to something or someone

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

restverbUS /rest/

not move; be in a resting position

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

Riquetti

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

rivalling

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

similarlyadverbUS /ˈsɪmələrli/

in like or similar manner

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

sketchnounUS /sketʃ/

preliminary drawing for later elaboration

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

speltnoun

hardy wheat grown mostly in Europe for livestock feed

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

strokenounUS /stroʊk/

(sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

suggestiveadjectiveUS /səˈdʒestɪv/

tending to suggest or imply

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

Torthorwald

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

truthnounUS /truːθ/

a fact that has been verified

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

volumesnounUS /ˈvɑːljuːmz/

plural of “volume” — the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

warnedverbUS /wɔːrnd/

past form of “warn” — notify of danger, potential harm, or risk

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

weightnounUS /weɪt/

the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity

From this reading ECCLEFECHAN AND EDINBURGH [1795-1826] In the introduction to one of his essays, Carlyle has warned us against giving too much weight to genealogy: but all his biographies, from the sketch of the Riquetti kindred to his full-length _Friedrich_, prefaced by two volumes of ancestry, recognise, if they do not overrate, inherited influences; and similarly his fragments of autobiography abound in suggestive reference.

Welshes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The Carlyles are said to have come, from the English town somewhat differently spelt, to Annandale, with David II.; and, according to a legend which the great author did not disdain to accept, among them was a certain Lord of Torthorwald, so created for defences of the Border.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His family portraits are to be accepted with the deductions due to the family fever that was the earliest form of his hero-worship.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading [Footnote: Even the most adverse critics of Carlyle are often his imitators, their hands taking a dye from what they work in.]

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Carlyle, says the _Athenaeum_ critic before quoted, divides contemporary mankind into the fools and the wise: the wise are the Carlyles, the Welshes, the Aitkens, and Edward Irving; the fools all the rest of unfortunate mortals: a Fuseli stroke of the critic rivalling any of the author criticised; yet the comment has a grain of truth.

Chapter 2 of Thomas Carlyle by John Nichol holds 320 sentences, grouped into 64 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

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Chapter 2 holds 320 sentences of Thomas Carlyle, unabridged, divided into 64 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Thomas Carlyle by John Nichol exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 320 sentences, grouped into 64 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Vocabulary met early in Thomas Carlyle

Words and structures a reader meets early in Thomas Carlyle, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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