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Thomas Carlyle
Thomas Carlyle

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Thomas Carlyle is here in full — 281 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/56 · 5 lines
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CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.
Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.
He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.
His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.
There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Thomas Carlyle

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Thomas Carlyle is here in full — 281 sentences across 57 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/56 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.
Line 2
Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.
/ˈveriəs əˈpɪnjənz wɪl kənˈtɪnjuː tuː biː held æz tuː ðə ˈvæljuː ʌv hɪz ˈsɜːrmənz ðə ˈeksələns ʌv hɪz best ˈwɜːrkmənʃɪp ɪz ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəli ækˈnɑːlɪdʒd/
Line 3
He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.
Line 4
His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.
/hɪz ˈhæbət ʌv ˈstɑːrtlɪŋ hɪz ˈhiːrərz wɪtʃ fɔːr ə taɪm riˈstrɪktəd æt ə ˈleɪtər deɪt ˈwaɪdənd ðer ˈsɜːrkəl/
Line 5
There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.
/ðer ɪz mʌtʃ səmˈtaɪmz ˈiːvɪn ˈtaɪərsəm ˌrepəˈtɪʃən ɪn kɑːrˈlaɪlz wɜːrk ðə reɪndʒ ʌv hɪz aɪˈdiːəz ɪz ˈlɪmətəd hiː pleɪz ɑːn ə fjuː strɪŋz wɪð ˈwʌndərfəli ˈvɜːrsətəl ˌveriˈeɪʃənz ɪn ˈriːdɪŋ hɪz ˈleɪtər wiː ɑːr kənˈtɪnjuːəli kənˈfrʌntəd wɪð ðə oʊld fəˈmɪljər ˈfeɪsəz ʌv hɪz ˈɜːrliər eˈseɪz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Carlyle's noun US /kɑːrˈlaɪlz/

possessive form of “carlyle” — Scottish historian who wrote about the French Revolution (1795-1881)

From this reading “There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.”

ecclesiastic noun US /ɪˌkliːziˈæstɪk/

a clergyman or other person in religious orders

From this reading “CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.”

extremes noun US /ekˈstriːmz/

plural of “extreme” — the furthest or highest degree of something

From this reading “CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.”

fluency noun US /ˈfluːənsi/

powerful and effective language

From this reading “He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.”

restricted adjective US /riˈstrɪktəd/

subject to restriction or subjected to restriction

From this reading “His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.”

variations noun US /ˌveriˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “variation” — an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading “There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.”

versatile adjective US /ˈvɜːrsətəl/

having great diversity or variety

From this reading “There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.”

workmanship noun US /ˈwɜːrkmənʃɪp/

skill in an occupation or trade

From this reading “Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.”

All words in this reading · 137

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

acknowledgedadjectiveUS /ækˈnɑːlɪdʒd/

recognized or made known or admitted

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

ArtistnounUS /ˈɑːrtəst/

a person whose creative work shows sensitivity and imagination

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

ASconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

bestnounUS /best/

the supreme effort one can make

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

CARLYLEnounUS /ˈkɑːrlaɪl/

Scottish historian who wrote about the French Revolution (1795-1881)

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

Carlyle'snounUS /kɑːrˈlaɪlz/

possessive form of “carlyle” — Scottish historian who wrote about the French Revolution (1795-1881)

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

choicenounUS /tʃɔɪs/

the person or thing chosen or selected

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

circlenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəl/

ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

confrontedverbUS /kənˈfrʌntəd/

past form of “confront” — oppose, as in hostility or a competition

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

continuallyadverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuːəli/

seemingly without interruption

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

continueverbUS /kənˈtɪnjuː/

continue a certain state, condition, or activity

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

CRITICnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪk/

a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

ecclesiasticnounUS /ɪˌkliːziˈæstɪk/

a clergyman or other person in religious orders

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

endowedadjectiveUS /enˈdaʊd/

provided or supplied or equipped with (especially as by inheritance or nature)

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

essaysnounUS /eˈseɪz/

plural of “essay” — an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

essentiallyadverbUS /eˈsenʃəli/

in essence; at bottom or by one's (or its) very nature

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

excellencenounUS /ˈeksələns/

the quality of excelling; possessing good qualities in high degree

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

extremesnounUS /ekˈstriːmz/

plural of “extreme” — the furthest or highest degree of something

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

famenounUS /feɪm/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

fastnesses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

finishverbUS /ˈfɪnɪʃ/

come or bring to a finish or an end

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

fluencynounUS /ˈfluːənsi/

powerful and effective language

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

givingnounUS /ˈɡɪvɪŋ/

the act of giving

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

gracefuladjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪsfəl/

characterized by beauty of movement, style, form, or execution

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

habitnounUS /ˈhæbət/

an established custom

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

hearersnounUS /ˈhiːrərz/

plural of “hearer” — someone who listens attentively

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

HISTORIANnounUS /hɪˈstɔːriən/

a person who is an authority on history and who studies it and writes about it

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

holdverbUS /hoʊld/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

ideasnounUS /aɪˈdiːəz/

plural of “idea” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

imaginationnounUS /ˌɪmædʒəˈneɪʃən/

the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

industrynounUS /ˈɪndəstri/

the people or companies engaged in a particular kind of commercial enterprise

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

infiniteadjectiveUS /ˈɪnfənət/

having no limits or boundaries in time or space or extent or magnitude

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

insightnounUS /ˈɪnsaɪt/

clear or deep perception of a situation

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

justifiedadjectiveUS /ˈdʒʌstəfaɪd/

having words so spaced that lines have straight even margins

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

keenadjectiveUS /kiːn/

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

leadernounUS /ˈliːdər/

a person who rules or guides or inspires others

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

LETTERSnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

limitedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪmətəd/

small in range or scope

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

MANnounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

measurenounUS /ˈmeʒər/

any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

parentsnounUS /ˈperənts/

plural of “parent” — a father or mother; one who begets or one who gives birth to or nurtures and raises a child; a relative who plays the role of guardian

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

penetrativeadjective

having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

playsnounUS /pleɪz/

plural of “play” — a dramatic work intended for performance by actors on a stage

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

powersnounUS /ˈpaʊərz/

plural of “power” — possession of controlling influence

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

PreachernounUS /ˈpriːtʃər/

someone whose occupation is preaching the gospel

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

professionnounUS /prəˈfeʃən/

the body of people in a learned occupation

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

protestingverbUS /prəˈtestɪŋ/

-ing form of “protest” — utter words of protest

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

qualitiesnounUS /ˈkwɑːlətiz/

plural of “quality” — an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

quickadjectiveUS /kwɪk/

accomplished rapidly and without delay

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

rangenounUS /reɪndʒ/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

repetitionnounUS /ˌrepəˈtɪʃən/

an event that repeats

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

restrictedadjectiveUS /riˈstrɪktəd/

subject to restriction or subjected to restriction

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

revolutionaryadjectiveUS /ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/

markedly new or introducing radical change

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

rulenounUS /ruːl/

a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

secureverbUS /sɪˈkjʊr/

get by special effort

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

sermonsnounUS /ˈsɜːrmənz/

plural of “sermon” — an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

sloweradverbUS /ˈsloʊər/

more slowly

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

soundnounUS /saʊnd/

the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

spiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

startlingadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːrtlɪŋ/

so remarkably different or sudden as to cause momentary shock or alarm

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

stringsnounUS /strɪŋz/

the section of an orchestra that plays stringed instruments

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

strongeradjectiveUS /ˈstrɔːŋər/

comparative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

stylenounUS /staɪl/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

successnounUS /səkˈses/

an event that accomplishes its intended purpose

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

sympatheticadjectiveUS /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/

of or relating to the sympathetic nervous system

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

tiresomeadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪərsəm/

so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

ultimatelyadverbUS /ˈʌltəmətli/

as the end result of a succession or process

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

unamenable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

universallyadverbUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəli/

everywhere

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

utterancenounUS /ˈʌtərəns/

the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

valuenounUS /ˈvæljuː/

a numerical quantity measured or assigned or computed

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

variationsnounUS /ˌveriˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “variation” — an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

VariousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

versatileadjectiveUS /ˈvɜːrsətəl/

having great diversity or variety

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading CARLYLE AS MAN OF LETTERS, CRITIC, AND HISTORIAN Carlyle was so essentially a Preacher that the choice of a profession made for him by his parents was in some measure justified; but he was also a keen Critic, unamenable to ecclesiastic or other rule, a leader of the revolutionary spirit of the age, even while protesting against its extremes: above all, he was a literary Artist.

widenedverbUS /ˈwaɪdənd/

past form of “widen” — become broader or wider or more extensive

From this reading His habit of startling his hearers, which for a time restricted, at a later date widened their circle.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading He was endowed with few of the qualities which secure a quick success--fluency, finish of style, the art of giving graceful utterance to current thought; he had in full measure the stronger if slower powers--sound knowledge, infinite industry, and the sympathetic insight of penetrative imagination--that ultimately hold the fastnesses of fame.

wonderfullyadverbUS /ˈwʌndərfəli/

(used as an intensifier) extremely well

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading There is much, sometimes even tiresome, repetition in Carlyle's work; the range of his ideas is limited, he plays on a few strings, with wonderfully versatile variations; in reading his later we are continually confronted with the "old familiar faces" of his earlier essays.

workmanshipnounUS /ˈwɜːrkmənʃɪp/

skill in an occupation or trade

From this reading Various opinions will continue to be held as to the value of his sermons; the excellence of his best workmanship is universally acknowledged.

Chapter 8 of Thomas Carlyle by John Nichol holds 281 sentences, grouped into 57 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Thomas Carlyle contain?

Chapter 8 holds 281 sentences of Thomas Carlyle, unabridged, divided into 57 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Thomas Carlyle by John Nichol exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 281 sentences, grouped into 57 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Thomas Carlyle?

Work through the 57 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 57 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Thomas Carlyle

Common questions about reading Thomas Carlyle by John Nichol on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Thomas Carlyle?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Thomas Carlyle is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Thomas Carlyle take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Thomas Carlyle section by section

How to work through Thomas Carlyle section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Thomas Carlyle to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Thomas Carlyle

Words and structures a reader meets early in Thomas Carlyle, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Thomas Carlyle, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Thomas Carlyle, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Thomas Carlyle, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.