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Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1
Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1 is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1
Context Illustration Reading 1/17 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A STRANGE SERMON.
On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.
But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.
Only he would it were bed-time, and all well.
He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1

Chapter XX · Chapter 20

Chapter 20 of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1 is here in full — 86 sentences across 18 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/17 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A STRANGE SERMON.
/ə streɪndʒ ˈsɜːrmən/
Line 2
On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.
/ɑːn ðə ˈsʌndeɪ ðə ˈkjʊrət wɔːkt əˈkrɔːs ðə ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd tuː ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ prer ˈveri mʌtʃ æz ɪf ðə belz ˌɪnˈsted ʌv ˈrɪŋɪŋ ðə ˈpiːpəl tuː tʃɜːrtʃ hæd bɪn ˈtoʊlɪŋ fɔːr hɪz ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən/
Line 3
But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.
/bʌt ɪf hiː wɑːz ˈɡoʊɪŋ tuː biː hæŋd hiː wʊd æt liːst daɪ laɪk ə ˈdʒentəlmən kənˈfesɪŋ hɪz sɪn/
Line 4
Only he would it were bed-time, and all well.
Line 5
He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.
/hiː ˈtrembəld soʊ wen hiː stʊd ʌp tuː red ðæt hiː kʊd nɑːt tel ˈweðər ɔːr nɑːt hiː wɑːz ˈspiːkɪŋ ɪn ə vɔɪs ˈɑːdəbəl tuː ðə ˌkɑːŋɡrəˈɡeɪʃən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

audible adjective US /ˈɑːdəbəl/

heard or perceptible by the ear

From this reading “He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.”

churchyard noun US /ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd/

the yard associated with a church

From this reading “On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.”

confessing verb US /kənˈfesɪŋ/

-ing form of “confess” — confess to a punishable or reprehensible deed, usually under pressure

From this reading “But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.”

congregation noun US /ˌkɑːŋɡrəˈɡeɪʃən/

a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church

From this reading “He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.”

curate noun US /ˈkjʊrət/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading “On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.”

hanged verb US /hæŋd/

past form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading “But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.”

sermon noun US /ˈsɜːrmən/

an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading “A STRANGE SERMON.”

tolling verb US /ˈtoʊlɪŋ/

-ing form of “toll” — ring slowly

From this reading “On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A STRANGE SERMON.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Only he would it were bed-time, and all well.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Only he would it were bed-time, and all well.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

audibleadjectiveUS /ˈɑːdəbəl/

heard or perceptible by the ear

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

bed-time

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Only he would it were bed-time, and all well.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

bellsnounUS /belz/

plural of “bell” — a hollow device made of metal that makes a ringing sound when struck

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

churchyardnounUS /ˈtʃɜːrtʃjɑːrd/

the yard associated with a church

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

confessingverbUS /kənˈfesɪŋ/

-ing form of “confess” — confess to a punishable or reprehensible deed, usually under pressure

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

congregationnounUS /ˌkɑːŋɡrəˈɡeɪʃən/

a group of people who adhere to a common faith and habitually attend a given church

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

curatenounUS /ˈkjʊrət/

a person authorized to conduct religious worship

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

dieverbUS /daɪ/

pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

executionnounUS /ˌeksəˈkjuːʃən/

putting a condemned person to death

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

hangedverbUS /hæŋd/

past form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Only he would it were bed-time, and all well.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

OnlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Only he would it were bed-time, and all well.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

prayernounUS /prer/

the act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

ringingnounUS /ˈrɪŋɪŋ/

the sound of a bell ringing

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

SERMONnounUS /ˈsɜːrmən/

an address of a religious nature (usually delivered during a church service)

From this reading A STRANGE SERMON.

sinnounUS /sɪn/

estrangement from god

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

speakingnounUS /ˈspiːkɪŋ/

the utterance of intelligible speech

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

STRANGEadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading A STRANGE SERMON.

SundaynounUS /ˈsʌndeɪ/

first day of the week; observed as a day of rest and worship by most Christians

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

tollingverbUS /ˈtoʊlɪŋ/

-ing form of “toll” — ring slowly

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

trembledverbUS /ˈtrembəld/

past form of “tremble” — move or jerk quickly and involuntarily up and down or sideways

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

voicenounUS /vɔɪs/

the distinctive quality or pitch or condition of a person's speech

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading On the Sunday the curate walked across the churchyard to the morning prayer very much as if the bells, instead of ringing the people to church, had been tolling for his execution.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Only he would it were bed-time, and all well.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Only he would it were bed-time, and all well.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

whetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading He trembled so when he stood up to read that he could not tell whether or not he was speaking in a voice audible to the congregation.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But if he was going to be hanged, he would at least die like a gentleman, confessing his sin.

Chapter 20 of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1 by George MacDonald holds 86 sentences, grouped into 18 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1 contain?

Chapter 20 holds 86 sentences of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1, unabridged, divided into 18 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1 by George MacDonald exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 86 sentences, grouped into 18 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1?

Work through the 18 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 18 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1

Common questions about reading Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1 by George MacDonald on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1?

Yes. All 2184 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5973 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5973, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1 take to read?

About 182 minutes of reading across 437 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1 section by section

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1

Words and structures a reader meets early in Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Helen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Lingard
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Swift
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
November
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Thomas Wingfold, Curate V1; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.