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Those barren leaves
Those barren leaves

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Those barren leaves is here in full — 54 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Those barren leaves
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.
They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.
Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.
The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.
The air was cool; it was a pleasure to walk.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Those barren leaves

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Those barren leaves is here in full — 54 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.
Line 2
They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.
/ðeɪ hæd toʊld ðə oʊld ˈwʊmən ðæt ðeɪ wʊd biː bæk tuː ə leɪt ˈbrekfəst/
Line 3
Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.
Line 4
The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.
/ðə ɡraʊnd wɑːz stɪl wet wɪð duː wen ðeɪ set aʊt ðə ˈpɑːplər triːz θruː ˈʃædoʊz ˈlɔːŋɡər ðæn ðemˈselvz/
Line 5
The air was cool; it was a pleasure to walk.
/ðə er wɑːz kuːl ɪt wɑːz ə ˈpleʒər tuː wɔːk/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

awake adjective US /əˈweɪk/

not in a state of sleep; completely conscious

From this reading “Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.”

dew noun US /duː/

water that has condensed on a cool surface overnight from water vapor in the air

From this reading “The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.”

fields noun US /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading “Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.”

hostess noun US /ˈhoʊstəs/

a woman host

From this reading “Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.”

instructions noun US /ˌɪnˈstrʌkʃənz/

a manual usually accompanying a technical device and explaining how to install or operate it

From this reading “Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.”

poplar noun US /ˈpɑːplər/

soft light-colored non-durable wood of the poplar

From this reading “The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.”

shadows noun US /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading “The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.”

wet adjective US /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading “The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

poplar trees noun + noun counted as “poplar tree”

any of numerous trees of north temperate regions having light soft wood and flowers borne in catkins

In this reading “The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.”

next morning adjective + noun

In this reading “Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.”

old woman adjective + noun

a woman who is old

In this reading “They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.”

set out verb + adjective

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

In this reading “The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.”

through the fields preposition + article + noun counted as “through … fields”

In this reading “Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.”

in the direction preposition + article + noun counted as “in … direction”

In this reading “Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.”

with dew preposition + noun

In this reading “The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.”

All words in this reading · 64

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading The air was cool; it was a pleasure to walk.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

awakeadjectiveUS /əˈweɪk/

not in a state of sleep; completely conscious

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

breakfastverbUS /ˈbrekfəst/

eat an early morning meal

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

Cardan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

cooladjectiveUS /kuːl/

neither warm nor very cold; giving relief from heat

From this reading The air was cool; it was a pleasure to walk.

dewnounUS /duː/

water that has condensed on a cool surface overnight from water vapor in the air

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

directionnounUS /dərˈekʃən/

a line leading to a place or point

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

EarlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

Elvernoun

young eel; may be sauteed or batter-fried

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

groundnounUS /ɡraʊnd/

the solid part of the earth's surface

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

half-past

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

hostessnounUS /ˈhoʊstəs/

a woman host

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

instructionsnounUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌkʃənz/

a manual usually accompanying a technical device and explaining how to install or operate it

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The air was cool; it was a pleasure to walk.

lakenounUS /leɪk/

a body of (usually fresh) water surrounded by land

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

longeradverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡər/

for more time

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

ninenounUS /naɪn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading The air was cool; it was a pleasure to walk.

poplarnounUS /ˈpɑːplər/

soft light-colored non-durable wood of the poplar

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

rapidlyadverbUS /ˈræpədli/

with speed

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

shadowsnounUS /ˈʃædoʊz/

plural of “shadow” — shade within clear boundaries

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

treesnounUS /triːz/

plural of “tree” — a tall perennial woody plant having a main trunk and branches forming a distinct elevated crown; includes both gymnosperms and angiosperms

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

walknounUS /wɔːk/

the act of traveling by foot

From this reading The air was cool; it was a pleasure to walk.

walkedverbUS /wɔːkt/

past form of “walk” — use one's feet to advance; advance by steps

From this reading Early the next morning Mr. Cardan and his hostess left the house and walked rapidly away through the fields in the direction of the lake.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The ground was still wet with dew when they set out; the poplar trees threw shadows longer than themselves.

womannounUS /ˈwʊmən/

an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading They had told the old woman that they would be back to a late breakfast.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Mr. Elver was not yet awake; Mr. Cardan had left instructions that he was not to be called before half-past nine.

Chapter 20 of Those barren leaves by Aldous Huxley holds 54 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Those barren leaves contain?

Chapter 20 holds 54 sentences of Those barren leaves, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Those barren leaves by Aldous Huxley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 54 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Those barren leaves?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Those barren leaves

Common questions about reading Those barren leaves by Aldous Huxley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Those barren leaves?

Yes. All 7921 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #74437 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Those barren leaves is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #74437, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Those barren leaves take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1585 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Those barren leaves section by section

How to work through Those barren leaves section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of Those barren leaves to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Those barren leaves

Words and structures a reader meets early in Those barren leaves, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Those barren leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Vezza
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Those barren leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stands
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Those barren leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Confluence
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Those barren leaves; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.