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Through deserts and oases of central Asia
Through deserts and oases of central Asia

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Through deserts and oases of central Asia is here in full — 133 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Through deserts and oases of central Asia
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....
These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.
It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.
This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.
Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Through deserts and oases of central Asia

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Through deserts and oases of central Asia is here in full — 133 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....
Line 2
These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.
Line 3
It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.
Line 4
This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.
/ðɪs səˈherə meɪ biː rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd æz ðə ˈwestərn ɪkˈstenʃən ʌv ðə ˌɪˈmens weɪst ʌv ðə ˈɡoʊbi ðæt ˈstretʃəz fɔːr mɔːr ðæn ə ˈθaʊzənd maɪlz tuː ðə iːst ə ˈveri əˌbɑːməˈneɪʃən ʌv ˌdesəˈleɪʃən/
Line 5
Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abomination noun US /əˌbɑːməˈneɪʃən/

a person who is loathsome or disgusting

From this reading “This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.”

beards noun US /bɪrdz/

plural of “beard” — the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading “THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....”

extension noun US /ɪkˈstenʃən/

a mutually agreed delay in the date set for the completion of a job or payment of a debt

From this reading “This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.”

Gobi noun US /ˈɡoʊbi/

a desert in central China

From this reading “This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.”

oasis noun US /oʊˈeɪsɪs/

a fertile tract in a desert (where the water table approaches the surface)

From this reading “It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.”

sahara noun US /səˈherə/

the world's largest desert (3,500,000 square miles) in northern Africa

From this reading “This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.”

shaw noun US /ʃɔː/

United States clarinetist and leader of a swing band (1910-2004)

From this reading “These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.”

Tartars noun US /ˈtɑːrtərz/

plural of “tartar” — a salt used especially in baking powder

From this reading “These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

thousand miles noun + noun counted as “thousand mile”

In this reading “This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.”

along the edge preposition + article + noun counted as “along … edge”

In this reading “It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.”

set off verb + particle

put in motion or move to act

In this reading “It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.”

ANCIENT CITY adjective + noun

In this reading “THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....”

in reality preposition + noun

used to imply that one would expect the fact to be the opposite of that stated; surprisingly

In this reading “It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.”

full beards adjective + noun counted as “full beard”

In this reading “THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....”

rode out verb + adjective counted as “ride out”

hang on during a trial of endurance

In this reading “Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.”

All words in this reading · 106

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

abominationnounUS /əˌbɑːməˈneɪʃən/

a person who is loathsome or disgusting

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

ANCIENTadjectiveUS /ˈeɪn.ʃənt/

Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence or deeply revered.

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

Aryans

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

autumnnounUS /ˈɔːtəm/

the season when the leaves fall from the trees

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

beardsnounUS /bɪrdz/

plural of “beard” — the hair growing on the lower part of a man's face

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

bridgenounUS /brɪdʒ/

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

broadadjectiveUS /brɔːd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

CITYnounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

couplenounUS /ˈkʌpəl/

a pair who associate with one another

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

crossverbUS /krɔːs/

travel across or pass over

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

DesertverbUS /ˈdezərt/

leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

desolationnounUS /ˌdesəˈleɪʃən/

the state of being decayed or destroyed

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

eastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

edgenounUS /edʒ/

the boundary of a surface

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

expressverbUS /ɪkˈspres/

give expression to

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

extensionnounUS /ɪkˈstenʃən/

a mutually agreed delay in the date set for the completion of a job or payment of a debt

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

goalnounUS /ɡoʊl/

the state of affairs that a plan is intended to achieve and that (when achieved) terminates behavior intended to achieve it

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

GobinounUS /ˈɡoʊbi/

a desert in central China

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

GoldenadjectiveUS /ˈɡoʊldən/

having the deep slightly brownish color of gold

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

HighadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

imposing-looking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

Kalmuck

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

Kashgar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

Khotan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

Kirghiznoun

a member of a people vast regions of central Siberia

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

leadsnounUS /liːdz/

plural of “lead” — an advantage held by a competitor in a race

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

long-shaped

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

Makan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

nosesnounUS /ˈnoʊzɪz/

plural of “nose” — the organ of smell and entrance to the respiratory tract; the prominent part of the face of man or other mammals

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

oasisnounUS /oʊˈeɪsɪs/

a fertile tract in a desert (where the water table approaches the surface)

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

pureadjectiveUS /pjʊr/

free of extraneous elements of any kind

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

regardedverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

past form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

ROBERTnounUS /ˈrɑːbərt/

United States parliamentary authority and author (in 1876) of Robert's Rules of Order (1837-1923)

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

saharanounUS /səˈherə/

the world's largest desert (3,500,000 square miles) in northern Africa

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

SHAWnounUS /ʃɔː/

United States clarinetist and leader of a swing band (1910-2004)

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

stretchesnounUS /ˈstretʃəz/

plural of “stretch” — a large and unbroken expanse or distance

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

Takla

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

Tartarized

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

TartarsnounUS /ˈtɑːrtərz/

plural of “tartar” — a salt used especially in baking powder

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

Tartarynoun

the vast geographical region of Europe and Asia that was controlled by the Mongols in the 13th and 14th centuries

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

thousandnounUS /ˈθaʊzənd/

the cardinal number that is the product of 10 and 100

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

tournounUS /tʊr/

a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

tree-shaded

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

Turkinoun

any member of the peoples speaking a Turkic language

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading Golden autumn was on the land as we rode out of Kashgar along the broad tree-shaded road that leads to the New City, and turned off after a couple of miles to cross the imposing-looking Kalmuck bridge.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

VisitsnounUS /ˈvɪzɪts/

plural of “visit” — the act of going to see some person or place or thing for a short time

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

wastenounUS /weɪst/

any materials unused and rejected as worthless or unwanted

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

well-formedadjective

conforming to the rules of grammar or usage accepted by native speakers

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

westernadjectiveUS /ˈwestərn/

relating to or characteristic of the western parts of the world or the West as opposed to the eastern or oriental parts

From this reading This sahara may be regarded as the western extension of the immense waste of the Gobi that stretches for more than a thousand miles to the east, a very abomination of desolation.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading It was the beginning of September when we set off on the tour which had Khotan as its goal and which was in reality a passing from oasis to oasis along the edge of the Takla Makan Desert.

YARKAND

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE ANCIENT CITY OF YARKAND The Turki have long-shaped faces, well-formed noses and full beards....

Yarkandees

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These facts show that the modern Yarkandees are not pure Tartars like the Kirghiz ... but rather Tartarized Aryans, if I may so express myself.--ROBERT SHAW, _Visits to High Tartary, Yarkand and Kashgar_.

Chapter 10 of Through deserts and oases of central Asia by Ella Sykes holds 133 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Through deserts and oases of central Asia contain?

Chapter 10 holds 133 sentences of Through deserts and oases of central Asia, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Through deserts and oases of central Asia by Ella Sykes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 133 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

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Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #72916, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 250 minutes of reading across 602 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Through deserts and oases of central Asia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Through deserts and oases of central Asia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Strike
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through deserts and oases of central Asia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Track
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through deserts and oases of central Asia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Vanished
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through deserts and oases of central Asia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Demons
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through deserts and oases of central Asia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.