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Through Russia
Through Russia

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Through Russia is here in full — 176 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/35 · 5 lines
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"I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.
Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.
There now!
Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.
Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Through Russia

Chapter X · Chapter 10

Chapter 10 of Through Russia is here in full — 176 sentences across 36 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.
Line 2
Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.
Line 3
There now!
/ðer naʊ/
Line 4
Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.
Line 5
Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

abscond verb US /æbˈskɑːnd/

run away; usually includes taking something or somebody along

From this reading “Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.”

certified adjective US /ˈsɜːrtəfaɪd/

endorsed authoritatively as having met certain requirements

From this reading “"I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.”

chicken's noun US /ˈtʃɪkənz/

possessive form of “chicken” — the flesh of a chicken used for food

From this reading “Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.”

gull verb US /ɡʌl/

make a fool or dupe of

From this reading “Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."”

insignificance noun US /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnjɪfɪkəns/

the quality of having little or no significance

From this reading “Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."”

self-confident adjective US /ˌselfˈkɑːnfədənt/

showing poise and confidence in your own worth

From this reading “Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.”

seminary noun US /ˈseməneri/

a private place of education for the young

From this reading “Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.”

Smolensk noun US /smoʊˈlensk/

a city in western Russia on the Dnieper River; scene of severe fighting in World War II

From this reading “Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

abscondverbUS /æbˈskɑːnd/

run away; usually includes taking something or somebody along

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

actingnounUS /ˈæktɪŋ/

the performance of a part or role in a drama

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

aliveadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪv/

possessing life

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

balanceverbUS /ˈbæləns/

bring into balance or equilibrium

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

certifiedadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtəfaɪd/

endorsed authoritatively as having met certain requirements

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

chicken'snounUS /ˈtʃɪkənz/

possessive form of “chicken” — the flesh of a chicken used for food

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

diedverbUS /daɪd/

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

dispatchedverbUS /dɪˈspætʃt/

past form of “dispatch” — send away towards a designated goal

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

documentnounUS /ˈdɑːkjəment/

writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

drownedverbUS /draʊnd/

past form of “drown” — cover completely or make imperceptible

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

drunkadjectiveUS /drʌŋk/

stupefied or excited by a chemical substance (especially alcohol)

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

educatedadjectiveUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

eventuallyadverbUS /ɪˈventʃəwəli/

after an unspecified period of time or an especially long delay

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

featherverbUS /ˈfeðər/

join tongue and groove, in carpentry

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

gullverbUS /ɡʌl/

make a fool or dupe of

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

holdsnounUS /hoʊldz/

plural of “hold” — the act of grasping

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

hotelnounUS /hoʊˈtel/

a building where travelers can pay for lodging and meals and other services

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

individualadjectiveUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəl/

being or characteristic of a single thing or person

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

inducedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈduːst/

brought about or caused; not spontaneous

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

infancynounUS /ˈɪnfənsi/

the early stage of growth or development

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

insignificancenounUS /ˌɪnsɪɡˈnjɪfɪkəns/

the quality of having little or no significance

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

killedverbUS /kɪld/

past form of “kill” — cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

Kushka

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

lackingadjectiveUS /ˈlækɪŋ/

inadequate in amount or degree

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

lightweighted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

Melenti

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading There now!

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

realiseverbUS /ˈriːəlaɪz/

earn on some commercial or business transaction; earn as salary or wages

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

restlessadjectiveUS /ˈrestləs/

worried and uneasy

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

self-confidentadjectiveUS /ˌselfˈkɑːnfədənt/

showing poise and confidence in your own worth

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

seminarynounUS /ˈseməneri/

a private place of education for the young

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

SiberianounUS /saɪˈbɪriə/

a vast Asian region of Russia; famous for long cold winters

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

SmolensknounUS /smoʊˈlensk/

a city in western Russia on the Dnieper River; scene of severe fighting in World War II

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

sonsnounUS /sʌnz/

plural of “son” — a male human offspring

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There now!

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

unlessconjunctionUS /ənˈles/

except if; if not

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

waitverbUS /weɪt/

stay in one place and anticipate or expect something

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

waiternounUS /ˈweɪtər/

a person whose occupation is to serve at table (as in a restaurant)

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Of these last, I know that one is acting as a waiter in a hotel at Smolensk, while the other, Melenti, was educated for the Church, sent to study in a seminary, induced to abscond and get into trouble, and eventually dispatched to Siberia.

whilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "I too have had sons, one of whom was killed at Kushka (a document has certified to that effect), another was drowned whilst drunk, three more died in infancy, and only two are still alive.

windnounUS /waɪnd/

air moving (sometimes with considerable force) from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

YesnounUS /jes/

an affirmative

From this reading Yes, the Russian is what might be called a 'lightweighted' individual, an individual who, unless he holds himself down by the head, is soon carried off by the wind like a chicken's feather--for we are too self-confident and restless.

youthnounUS /juːθ/

a young person (especially a young man or boy)

From this reading Before now, I myself have been a gull, a man lacking balance: for never does youth realise its own insignificance, or know how to wait."

Chapter 10 of Through Russia by Maksim Gorky holds 176 sentences, grouped into 36 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Through Russia contain?

Chapter 10 holds 176 sentences of Through Russia, unabridged, divided into 36 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Through Russia by Maksim Gorky exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 176 sentences, grouped into 36 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Through Russia?

Work through the 36 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 36 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Through Russia

Common questions about reading Through Russia by Maksim Gorky on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Through Russia?

Yes. All 5371 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #2288 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Through Russia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #2288, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Through Russia take to read?

About 447 minutes of reading across 1075 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Through Russia section by section

How to work through Through Russia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of Through Russia to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Through Russia

Words and structures a reader meets early in Through Russia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Leanness--the
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through Russia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Scene
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through Russia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Between
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through Russia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sukhum
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through Russia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.