used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
past form of “add” — make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
move forward, also in the metaphorical sense
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
animatedadjectiveUS /ˈænəmeɪtɪd/
having life or vigor or spirit
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
at the same time that; because; in the way that
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
Barbarouslyadverb
in a barbarous manner
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
behavedverbUS /bɪˈheɪvd/
past form of “behave” — behave in a certain manner; show a certain behavior; conduct or comport oneself
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/
at or toward the back of something
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
BORODINOnoun
Napoleon defeated the Russians in 1812 in a pitched battle at a village in western Russia west of Moscow, but irreparably weakened his army
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
the act of burning something
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
burntadjectiveUS /bɜːrnt/
ruined by overcooking
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
showing who or what does the action
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
commissariatnoun
a stock or supply of foods
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
bound or obligated, as under a pledge to a particular cause, action, or attitude
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
a politically organized body of people under a single government
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
desolateadjectiveUS /ˈdesələt/
providing no shelter or sustenance
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
destroyingverbUS /dɪˈstrɔɪɪŋ/
-ing form of “destroy” — do away with, cause the destruction or undoing of
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
the termination of something by causing so much damage to it that it cannot be repaired or no longer exists
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
-ing form of “do” — engage in
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
being or moving lower in position or less in some value
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
enormouslyadverbUS /ɪˈnɔːrməsli/
extremely
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
divisible by two
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
the experiencing of affective and emotional states
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
intended to be given to, or used by, somebody
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
set up or found
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/
the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
hatrednounUS /ˈheɪtrəd/
the emotion of intense dislike; a feeling of dislike so strong that it demands action
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/
used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
invadedverbUS /ˌɪnˈveɪdəd/
past form of “invade” — march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
undertake a journey or trip
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
produced by a manufacturing process
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
used to say something is possible but not certain
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
MoscownounUS /ˈmɑːskoʊ/
a city of central European Russia; formerly capital of both the Soviet Union and Soviet Russia; since 1991 the capital of the Russian Federation
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
not one thing; not anything
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
touching and supported by a surface
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
in other respects or ways
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
have ownership or possession of
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
peasantrynounUS /ˈpezəntri/
the class of peasants
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
reciprocatedverbUS /rɪˈsɪprəkeɪtɪd/
past form of “reciprocate” — act, feel, or give mutually or in return
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
past form of “regard” — deem to be
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
past form of “resume” — take up or begin anew
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
destroyed physically or morally
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/
a native or inhabitant of Russia
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
a reason for wanting something done
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
a structure that provides privacy and protection from danger
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
and nothing more
From this reading They seemed to destroy simply for the sake of destruction, and to be animated by a burning feeling of hatred for the country they had invaded.
SmolensknounUS /smoʊˈlensk/
a city in western Russia on the Dnieper River; scene of severe fighting in World War II
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
for that reason; with the result that
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
used to introduce the second part of a comparison
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
belonging to the people or things already mentioned
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
the people or things already mentioned, as the object
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
in the direction of
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
townsnounUS /taʊnz/
plural of “town” — an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
villagesnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒəz/
plural of “village” — a community of people smaller than a town
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
wantonverbUS /ˈwɔːntən/
waste time; spend one's time idly or inefficiently
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/
the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/
the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
in or at the place that
From this reading It was nothing to them that by so doing they added enormously to the difficulties of their own commissariat; nothing that they were destroying the places where they might otherwise have found shelter on their return.
used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
wholesaleadverbUS /ˈhoʊlseɪl/
at a wholesale price
From this reading The destruction they committed was wanton and wholesale; the villages, and even the towns, were burnt down, and the whole country made desolate.
in the company of; together with
From this reading It seemed that the hatred with which they were regarded by the Russian peasantry was now even more than reciprocated.
(comparative of “bad”) inferior to another in quality or condition or desirability
From this reading BORODINO Barbarously as the French army behaved on its advance to Smolensk, things were even worse as they left the ruined town behind them and resumed their journey towards Moscow.
