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Through the Sikh War
Through the Sikh War

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Through the Sikh War is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Through the Sikh War
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.
Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.
They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.
They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.
By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Through the Sikh War

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Through the Sikh War is here in full — 418 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.
/ðeɪ faʊnd ðæt ðə boʊts hæd bɪn riˈmuːvd ənd ðə tuː ˈɑːrmiz rɪˈmeɪnd fɔːr ˈoʊvər ə wiːk ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ iːtʃ ˈʌðər əˈkrɔːs ðə waɪd ˈrɪvər/
Line 2
Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.
Line 3
They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.
/ðeɪ ˈʃɔːrtli ˈæftərwərdz dʒɔɪnd ðə ˈɑːrmi wɪð fɔːr ˈhʌndrəd ˈhɔːrsmən ʌv ðer traɪb huː fɔːt ˈɡæləntli θruː ðə hoʊl kæmˈpeɪn/
Line 4
They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.
/ðeɪ rəˈsiːvd noʊ peɪ fɔːr ðer ˈsɜːrvəsəz bʌt æt ðə end ʌv ðə wɔːr wɜːr rɪˈwɔːrdɪd baɪ ðə ɡrænt ʌv æn ɪˈsteɪt ənd ˈpenʃən/
Line 5
By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

additional adjective US /əˈdɪʃənəl/

further or added

From this reading “Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.”

armies noun US /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading “They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.”

communications noun US /kəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃənz/

the discipline that studies the principles of transmiting information and the methods by which it is delivered (as print or radio or television etc.)

From this reading “By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.”

gallantly adverb US /ˈɡæləntli/

in a gallant manner

From this reading “They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.”

horsemen noun US /ˈhɔːrsmən/

plural of “horseman” — a man skilled in equitation

From this reading “They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.”

Khan noun US /kɑːn/

a title given to rulers or other important people in Asian countries

From this reading “Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.”

pension noun US /ˈpenʃən/

a regular payment to a person that is intended to allow them to subsist without working

From this reading “They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.”

rewarded verb US /rɪˈwɔːrdɪd/

past form of “reward” — bestow honor or rewards upon

From this reading “They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

four hundred noun + noun

the exclusive social set of a city

In this reading “They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.”

hundred horsemen noun + noun counted as “hundred horseman”

In this reading “They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.”

at the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.”

pay for verb + particle

have as a guest

In this reading “They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

acrossprepositionUS /əˈkrɔːs/

from one side of something to the other

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

additionaladjectiveUS /əˈdɪʃənəl/

further or added

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

advanceverbUS /ədˈvæns/

move forward, also in the metaphorical sense

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

armiesnounUS /ˈɑːrmiz/

plural of “army” — a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

bestowedverbUS /bɪˈstoʊd/

past form of “bestow” — present

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

boatsnounUS /boʊts/

plural of “boat” — a small vessel for travel on water

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

campaignnounUS /kæmˈpeɪn/

a race between candidates for elective office

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

communicationsnounUS /kəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃənz/

the discipline that studies the principles of transmiting information and the methods by which it is delivered (as print or radio or television etc.)

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

Currie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

durbarnoun

the room in the palace of a native prince of India in which audiences and receptions occur

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

Edwardes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

estatenounUS /ɪˈsteɪt/

everything you own; all of your assets (whether real property or personal property) and liabilities

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

foughtverbUS /fɔːt/

inflected form of “fight” — be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

FredericknounUS /ˈfredrɪk/

a town in northern Maryland to the west of Baltimore

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

gallantlyadverbUS /ˈɡæləntli/

in a gallant manner

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

grantverbUS /ɡrænt/

let have

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

horsemennounUS /ˈhɔːrsmən/

plural of “horseman” — a man skilled in equitation

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

joinedadjectiveUS /dʒɔɪnd/

of or relating to two people who are married to each other

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

KhannounUS /kɑːn/

a title given to rulers or other important people in Asian countries

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

Kowrah

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

learntverbUS /lɜːrnt/

inflected form of “learn” — gain knowledge or skills

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

LieutenantnounUS /luːˈtenənt/

a commissioned military officer

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

Mooltan

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

payverbUS /peɪ/

give money, usually in exchange for goods or services

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

pensionnounUS /ˈpenʃən/

a regular payment to a person that is intended to allow them to subsist without working

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

receivedadjectiveUS /rəˈsiːvd/

conforming to the established language usage of educated native speakers

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

removedadjectiveUS /riˈmuːvd/

separated in relationship by a given degree of descent

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

rewardedverbUS /rɪˈwɔːrdɪd/

past form of “reward” — bestow honor or rewards upon

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

servicesnounUS /ˈsɜːrvəsəz/

performance of duties or provision of space and equipment helpful to others

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

shortlyadverbUS /ˈʃɔːrtli/

for a short time

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

SirnounUS /sɜːr/

term of address for a man

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

sonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

thanksnounUS /θæŋks/

an acknowledgment of appreciation

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

tribenounUS /traɪb/

a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

uncertainadjectiveUS /ənˈsɜːrtən/

lacking or indicating lack of confidence or assurance

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Kowrah Khan and his son received the thanks of Sir Frederick Currie, and the durbar bestowed an additional rank upon them.

warnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

watchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They received no pay for their services, but at the end of the war were rewarded by the grant of an estate and pension.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading They found that the boats had been removed, and the two armies remained for over a week watching each other across the wide river.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They shortly afterwards joined the army with four hundred horsemen of their tribe, who fought gallantly through the whole campaign.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading By this time, although communications were still uncertain, Lieutenant Edwardes learnt that, for the present, no British force would advance against Mooltan.

Chapter 10 of Through the Sikh War by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 418 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Through the Sikh War contain?

Chapter 10 holds 418 sentences of Through the Sikh War, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Through the Sikh War by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 418 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Through the Sikh War?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Through the Sikh War

Common questions about reading Through the Sikh War by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Through the Sikh War?

Yes. All 5463 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53717 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Through the Sikh War is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #53717, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Through the Sikh War take to read?

About 455 minutes of reading across 1093 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Through the Sikh War section by section

How to work through Through the Sikh War section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Through the Sikh War to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Through the Sikh War

Words and structures a reader meets early in Through the Sikh War, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Conquest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through the Sikh War; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Punjaub
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through the Sikh War; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through the Sikh War; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beric
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through the Sikh War; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.