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Through the Sikh War
Through the Sikh War

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Through the Sikh War is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.
A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.
Fifty-three guns were captured.
They had in almost every case been defended to the last.
One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Through the Sikh War

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Through the Sikh War is here in full — 420 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.
Line 2
A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.
Line 3
Fifty-three guns were captured.
Line 4
They had in almost every case been defended to the last.
/ðeɪ hæd ɪn ˈɔːlmoʊst ˈevəri keɪs bɪn dɪˈfendəd tuː ðə læst/
Line 5
One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.
/wʌn lɑːrdʒ ɡʌn hæd bɪn ðə ˈɑːbdʒekt ʌv ˈfaɪər baɪ ə hoʊl ˈbrɪtɪʃ ˈbætəri/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

battery noun US /ˈbætəri/

group of guns or missile launchers operated together at one place

From this reading “One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.”

beats noun US /biːts/

a United States youth subculture of the 1950s; rejected possessions or regular work or traditional dress; for communal living and psychedelic drugs and anarchism; favored modern forms of jazz (e.g., bebop)

From this reading “A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.”

defended verb US /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading “They had in almost every case been defended to the last.”

hospitals noun US /ˈhɑːspɪtəlz/

plural of “hospital” — a health facility where patients receive treatment

From this reading “A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.”

marching noun US /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/

the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)

From this reading “A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.”

regiments noun US /ˈredʒəmənts/

plural of “regiment” — army unit smaller than a division

From this reading “A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.”

sentries noun US /ˈsentriz/

plural of “sentry” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading “A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.”

Sikh noun US /siːk/

an adherent of Sikhism

From this reading “The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

hard fighting adjective + noun

In this reading “The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.”

taking place noun + noun

In this reading “A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.”

remained in verb + particle counted as “remain in”

In this reading “The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.”

All words in this reading · 77

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading They had in almost every case been defended to the last.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

backwardadverbUS /ˈbækwərd/

at or to or toward the back or rear

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

batterynounUS /ˈbætəri/

group of guns or missile launchers operated together at one place

From this reading One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.

beatsnounUS /biːts/

a United States youth subculture of the 1950s; rejected possessions or regular work or traditional dress; for communal living and psychedelic drugs and anarchism; favored modern forms of jazz (e.g., bebop)

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They had in almost every case been defended to the last.

BritishnounUS /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/

the people of Great Britain

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

Bunnoo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.

capturedverbUS /ˈkæptʃərd/

past form of “capture” — succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

From this reading Fifty-three guns were captured.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading They had in almost every case been defended to the last.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

defendedverbUS /dɪˈfendəd/

past form of “defend” — argue or speak in defense of

From this reading They had in almost every case been defended to the last.

disciplinenounUS /ˈdɪsəplən/

a branch of knowledge

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading They had in almost every case been defended to the last.

fairlyadverbUS /ˈferli/

to certain extent or degree

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

Fifty-threeadjective

being three more than fifty

From this reading Fifty-three guns were captured.

fightingnounUS /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

the act of fighting; any contest or struggle

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

fireverbUS /ˈfaɪər/

start firing a weapon

From this reading One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

forwardadverbUS /ˈfɔːrwərd/

at or to or toward the front

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

givenadjectiveUS /ˈɡɪvən/

acknowledged as a supposition

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

Gujeratnoun

an industrialized state in western India that includes parts of Bombay

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

gunnounUS /ɡʌn/

a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.

gunsnounUS /ɡʌnz/

plural of “gun” — a weapon that discharges a missile at high velocity (especially from a metal tube or barrel)

From this reading Fifty-three guns were captured.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

hospitalsnounUS /ˈhɑːspɪtəlz/

plural of “hospital” — a health facility where patients receive treatment

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

learnedadjectiveUS /lɜːrnd/

having or showing profound knowledge

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

marchingnounUS /ˈmɑːrtʃɪŋ/

the act of marching; walking with regular steps (especially in a procession of some kind)

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

officersnounUS /ˈɔːfəsərz/

plural of “officer” — any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.

overcomeverbUS /ˈoʊvərkʌm/

win a victory over

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

proofnounUS /pruːf/

any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

regimentsnounUS /ˈredʒəmənts/

plural of “regiment” — army unit smaller than a division

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

remainedverbUS /rɪˈmeɪnd/

past form of “remain” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

resistancenounUS /rɪˈzɪstəns/

the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

sentriesnounUS /ˈsentriz/

plural of “sentry” — a person employed to keep watch for some anticipated event

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

SikhnounUS /siːk/

an adherent of Sikhism

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

stoutadjectiveUS /staʊt/

dependable

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

takingnounUS /ˈteɪkɪŋ/

the act of someone who picks up or takes something

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

troopsnounUS /truːps/

soldiers collectively

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

unconcernedlyadverb

in an unconcerned manner

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

unconsciousadjectiveUS /ˌʌnˈkɑːnʃəs/

not conscious; lacking awareness and the capacity for sensory perception as if asleep or dead

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading A singular proof was given that the Bunnoo regiments retained the discipline they had learned from British officers to the last, for when resistance fairly ceased the Sikh sentries placed round the native hospitals were found marching backward and forward on their beats as unconcernedly as if absolutely unconscious of the events that were taking place.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The Sikh troops who had remained in Gujerat offered a stout resistance, but were, after some hard fighting, overcome.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading One large gun had been the object of fire by a whole British battery.

Chapter 13 of Through the Sikh War by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 420 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Through the Sikh War contain?

Chapter 13 holds 420 sentences of Through the Sikh War, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Through the Sikh War by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 420 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Through the Sikh War?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Through the Sikh War

Common questions about reading Through the Sikh War by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Through the Sikh War?

Yes. All 5463 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53717 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Through the Sikh War is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #53717, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Through the Sikh War take to read?

About 455 minutes of reading across 1093 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Through the Sikh War section by section

How to work through Through the Sikh War section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Through the Sikh War to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Through the Sikh War

Words and structures a reader meets early in Through the Sikh War, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Conquest
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through the Sikh War; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Punjaub
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through the Sikh War; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through the Sikh War; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beric
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Through the Sikh War; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.