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To Lhassa at Last
To Lhassa at Last

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of To Lhassa at Last is here in full — 28 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/5 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.
We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.
I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).
Further, the actual breadth of the river gave no idea of the difficulty of crossing it.
The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

To Lhassa at Last

Chapter XIX · Chapter 19

Chapter 19 of To Lhassa at Last is here in full — 28 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/5 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.
Line 2
We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.
Line 3
I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).
/aɪ æm toʊld ðæt æt ˈeni reɪt ɪn ˈɪndiən frənˈtɪr ˈwɔːrfer ðer hæz ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː bɪn noʊ ˈɪnstəns ʌv ə fɔːrs ʌv ðɪs saɪz ˈkrɔːsɪŋ ə ˈrɪvər ʌv ðɪs dɪˈmenʃən wɪˈθaʊt ðə eɪd ʌv ə pɑːnˈtuːn brɪdʒ ðə məˈtɪriəlz fɔːr wɪtʃ ɪt wʊd hæv bɪn ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl ɑːn ðɪs əˈkeɪʒən tuː ˈkæri wɪð ʌs/
Line 4
Further, the actual breadth of the river gave no idea of the difficulty of crossing it.
/ˈfɜːrðər ðə ˈæktʃəwəl bredθ ʌv ðə ˈrɪvər ɡeɪv noʊ aɪˈdiːə ʌv ðə ˈdɪfəkəlti ʌv ˈkrɔːsɪŋ ɪt/
Line 5
The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.
/ðə ˈswɪftnəs ʌv ðə ˈkɜːrənt ðə ˈwɜːrlpuːlz ənd ðə spiːd wɪð wɪtʃ ðə ˈrɪvər fed æz ɪt wɑːz baɪ ˈmaʊntən striːmz roʊz ənd fel ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd ðə meɪn ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chit noun US /tʃɪt/

a dismissive term for a girl who is immature or who lacks respect

From this reading “THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.”

convoys noun US /ˈkɑːnvɔɪz/

plural of “convoy” — a procession of land vehicles traveling together

From this reading “We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.”

dimension noun US /dɪˈmenʃən/

the magnitude of something in a particular direction (especially length or width or height)

From this reading “I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).”

embarking verb US /emˈbɑːrkɪŋ/

-ing form of “embark” — go on board

From this reading “We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.”

pontoon noun US /pɑːnˈtuːn/

(nautical) a floating structure (as a flat-bottomed boat) that serves as a dock or to support a bridge

From this reading “I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).”

tibet noun US /təˈbet/

an autonomous region of the Peoples Republic of China; located in the Himalayas

From this reading “THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.”

units noun US /ˈjuːnəts/

plural of “unit” — any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange

From this reading “THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.”

whirlpools noun US /ˈwɜːrlpuːlz/

plural of “whirlpool” — a powerful circular current of water (usually the result of conflicting tides)

From this reading “The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

any rate adjective + noun

In this reading “I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).”

heartily glad adverb + adjective

In this reading “THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.”

mountain streams noun + noun counted as “mountain stream”

In this reading “The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.”

without the aid preposition + article + noun counted as “without … aid”

In this reading “I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).”

All words in this reading · 115

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

accomplishverbUS /əˈkɑːmplɪʃ/

put in effect

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

actualadjectiveUS /ˈæktʃəwəl/

presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible

From this reading Further, the actual breadth of the river gave no idea of the difficulty of crossing it.

aidnounUS /eɪd/

a person or thing that is a resource that helps make something easier or possible to do

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

amountnounUS /əˈmaʊnt/

a quantity of money

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

boatmen

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

breadthnounUS /bredθ/

the capacity to understand a broad range of topics

From this reading Further, the actual breadth of the river gave no idea of the difficulty of crossing it.

bridgenounUS /brɪdʒ/

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

carryverbUS /ˈkæri/

move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

Chaksam

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

CHITnounUS /tʃɪt/

a dismissive term for a girl who is immature or who lacks respect

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

clumsyadjectiveUS /ˈklʌmzi/

lacking grace in movement or posture

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

constitutedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːnstətuːtəd/

brought about or set up or accepted; especially long established

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

convoysnounUS /ˈkɑːnvɔɪz/

plural of “convoy” — a procession of land vehicles traveling together

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

coolis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

CROSSINGnounUS /ˈkrɔːsɪŋ/

traveling across

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

currentnounUS /ˈkɜːrənt/

a flow of electricity through a conductor

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

difficultiesnounUS /ˈdɪfəkəltiz/

plural of “difficulty” — an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

difficultynounUS /ˈdɪfəkəlti/

an effort that is inconvenient

From this reading Further, the actual breadth of the river gave no idea of the difficulty of crossing it.

dimensionnounUS /dɪˈmenʃən/

the magnitude of something in a particular direction (especially length or width or height)

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

disembarking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

donkeysnounUS /ˈdɑːŋkiz/

plural of “donkey” — the symbol of the Democratic Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

driversnounUS /ˈdraɪvərz/

plural of “driver” — the operator of a motor vehicle

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

embarkingverbUS /emˈbɑːrkɪŋ/

-ing form of “embark” — go on board

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

employedadjectiveUS /emˈplɔɪd/

having your services engaged for; or having a job especially one that pays wages or a salary

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

ENDnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

fatiguenounUS /fəˈtiːɡ/

temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

featnounUS /fiːt/

a notable achievement

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

fednounUS /fed/

any federal law-enforcement officer

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

frontiernounUS /frənˈtɪr/

a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

FurtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading Further, the actual breadth of the river gave no idea of the difficulty of crossing it.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading Further, the actual breadth of the river gave no idea of the difficulty of crossing it.

gladadjectiveUS /ɡlæd/

showing or causing joy and pleasure; especially made happy

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

Gyantse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

heartilyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrtəli/

with gusto and without reservation

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

hithertoadverbUS /ˈhɪðɜːrˈtuː/

used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Further, the actual breadth of the river gave no idea of the difficulty of crossing it.

immenseadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈmens/

unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

impossibleadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɑːsəbəl/

not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

IndianadjectiveUS /ˈɪndiən/

of or relating to or characteristic of India or the East Indies or their peoples or languages or cultures

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

instancenounUS /ˈɪnstəns/

an occurrence of something

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

involvedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlvd/

connected by participation or association or use

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

mainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

materialsnounUS /məˈtɪriəlz/

plural of “material” — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

MinersnounUS /ˈmaɪnərz/

plural of “miner” — laborer who works in a mine

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

mountainnounUS /ˈmaʊntən/

a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

mulenounUS /mjuːl/

hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse; usually sterile

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

pontoonnounUS /pɑːnˈtuːn/

(nautical) a floating structure (as a flat-bottomed boat) that serves as a dock or to support a bridge

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

ratenounUS /reɪt/

a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

Sappers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

speedverbUS /spiːd/

move hurridly

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

streamsnounUS /striːmz/

plural of “stream” — a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

swiftnessnounUS /ˈswɪftnəs/

a rate (usually rapid) at which something happens

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

TIBETnounUS /təˈbet/

an autonomous region of the Peoples Republic of China; located in the Himalayas

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

unitsnounUS /ˈjuːnəts/

plural of “unit” — any division of quantity accepted as a standard of measurement or exchange

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

variousadjectiveUS /ˈveriəs/

of many different kinds purposefully arranged but lacking any uniformity

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

warfarenounUS /ˈwɔːrfer/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading THE END OF THE CROSSING: THE 'CHIT' IN TIBET The Sappers and Miners, the coolis, the boatmen, the various units employed on fatigue, and the mule drivers must have been heartily glad when the crossing was all over.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

whirlpoolsnounUS /ˈwɜːrlpuːlz/

plural of “whirlpool” — a powerful circular current of water (usually the result of conflicting tides)

From this reading The swiftness of the current, the whirlpools, and the speed with which the river, fed as it was by mountain streams, rose and fell, constituted the main difficulties.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading I am told that, at any rate in Indian frontier warfare, there has hitherto been no instance of a force of this size crossing a river of this dimension without the aid of a pontoon bridge (the materials for which it would have been impossible on this occasion to carry with us).

yaks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We were leaving both yaks and donkeys behind here (to work with convoys between Gyantse and Chaksam), so that we did not have to accomplish the feat of embarking and disembarking these somewhat clumsy animals; but even so, the amount of labour that had been involved was immense.

Chapter 19 of To Lhassa at Last by Powell Millington holds 28 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of To Lhassa at Last contain?

Chapter 19 holds 28 sentences of To Lhassa at Last, unabridged, divided into 6 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of To Lhassa at Last by Powell Millington exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 28 sentences, grouped into 6 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of To Lhassa at Last?

Work through the 6 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 6 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading To Lhassa at Last

Common questions about reading To Lhassa at Last by Powell Millington on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of To Lhassa at Last?

Yes. All 1441 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #32752 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of To Lhassa at Last is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #32752, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does To Lhassa at Last take to read?

About 120 minutes of reading across 289 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read To Lhassa at Last section by section

How to work through To Lhassa at Last section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of To Lhassa at Last to begin.

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    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in To Lhassa at Last

Words and structures a reader meets early in To Lhassa at Last, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Typographical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of To Lhassa at Last; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Punctuation
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Errors
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Corrected
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