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To London Town
To London Town

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of To London Town is here in full — 407 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for To London Town
Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.
But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.
Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.
But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.
XII.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

To London Town

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of To London Town is here in full — 407 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.
Line 2
But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.
/bʌt ˈsɜːrtənli ˈʌŋkəl ˈaɪzək mʌst nɑːt biː əˈfendəd naʊ ðæt θɪŋz lʊkt soʊ ˈɡluːmi əˈhed/
Line 3
Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.
Line 4
But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.
/bʌt ɪn ðə ˈmɔːrnɪŋ iːtʃ ˈpɪloʊ hæd ɪts wet spɑːt/
Line 5
XII.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assurances noun US /əˈʃʊrənsɪz/

plural of “assurance” — freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading “Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.”

exchanging verb US /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “exchange” — give to, and receive from, one another

From this reading “Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.”

hopeful adjective US /ˈhoʊpfəl/

having or manifesting hope

From this reading “Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.”

inventing verb US /ˌɪnˈventɪŋ/

-ing form of “invent” — come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading “Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.”

Isaac noun US /ˈaɪzək/

(Old Testament) the second patriarch; son of Abraham and Sarah who was offered by Abraham as a sacrifice to God; father of Jacob and Esau

From this reading “Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.”

profits noun US /ˈprɑːfɪts/

the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)

From this reading “Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.”

strained adjective US /streɪnd/

lacking natural ease

From this reading “Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.”

theories noun US /ˈθɪriz/

plural of “theory” — a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading “Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

in the morning preposition + article + noun counted as “in … morning”

In this reading “But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.”

All words in this reading · 55

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

aheadadverbUS /əˈhed/

at or in the front

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

assurancesnounUS /əˈʃʊrənsɪz/

plural of “assurance” — freedom from doubt; belief in yourself and your abilities

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

Bessy

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

certainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

day'snounUS /deɪz/

possessive form of “day” — time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.

exchangingverbUS /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ/

-ing form of “exchange” — give to, and receive from, one another

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

gloomyadjectiveUS /ˈɡluːmi/

depressingly dark

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

hopefuladjectiveUS /ˈhoʊpfəl/

having or manifesting hope

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

inventingverbUS /ˌɪnˈventɪŋ/

-ing form of “invent” — come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

IsaacnounUS /ˈaɪzək/

(Old Testament) the second patriarch; son of Abraham and Sarah who was offered by Abraham as a sacrifice to God; father of Jacob and Esau

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

Isaac's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

morningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

offendedadjectiveUS /əˈfendəd/

emotionally hurt or upset or annoyed

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

pillownounUS /ˈpɪloʊ/

a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person

From this reading But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.

profitsnounUS /ˈprɑːfɪts/

the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

spotnounUS /spɑːt/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.

strainedadjectiveUS /streɪnd/

lacking natural ease

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

theoriesnounUS /ˈθɪriz/

plural of “theory” — a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading But certainly, Uncle Isaac must not be offended now that things looked so gloomy ahead.

triflenounUS /ˈtraɪfəl/

a cold pudding made of layers of sponge cake spread with fruit or jelly; may be decorated with nuts, cream, or chocolate

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

UnclenounUS /ˈʌŋkəl/

the brother of your father or mother; the husband of your aunt

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

visitverbUS /ˈvɪzɪt/

go to see a place, as for entertainment

From this reading Uncle Isaac’s visit swept away the day’s profits and a trifle more.

wetadjectiveUS /wet/

covered or soaked with a liquid such as water

From this reading But in the morning each pillow had its wet spot.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

witsnounUS /wɪts/

the basic human power of intelligent thought and perception

From this reading Bessy lay, and strained her wits far into the night, inventing comfortable theories and assurances, and exchanging them with her mother for others as hopeful.

XIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading XII.

Chapter 4 of To London Town by Arthur Morrison holds 407 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of To London Town contain?

Chapter 4 holds 407 sentences of To London Town, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of To London Town by Arthur Morrison exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 407 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of To London Town?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading To London Town

Common questions about reading To London Town by Arthur Morrison on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of To London Town?

Yes. All 3634 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #58282 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of To London Town is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #58282, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does To London Town take to read?

About 302 minutes of reading across 727 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read To London Town section by section

How to work through To London Town section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of To London Town to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in To London Town

Words and structures a reader meets early in To London Town, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Tauchnitz
A word that appears in the opening chapter of To London Town; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Edition
A word that appears in the opening chapter of To London Town; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tales
A word that appears in the opening chapter of To London Town; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Streets
A word that appears in the opening chapter of To London Town; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.