Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
To the Person Sitting in Darkness
To the Person Sitting in Darkness

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of To the Person Sitting in Darkness is here in full — 215 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for To the Person Sitting in Darkness
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
TO THE PERSON SITTING IN DARKNESS.
BY MARK TWAIN.
Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.
The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.
And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

To the Person Sitting in Darkness

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of To the Person Sitting in Darkness is here in full — 215 sentences across 43 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
TO THE PERSON SITTING IN DARKNESS.
/tuː ðə ˈpɜːrsən ˈsɪtɪŋ ɪn ˈdɑːrknəs/
Line 2
BY MARK TWAIN.
/baɪ mɑːrk tweɪn/
Line 3
Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.
Line 4
The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.
Line 5
And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.
/ənd sʌtʃ ˈdɑːrknəs æz ɪz naʊ left ɪz ˈrɪli ʌv bʌt æn ˌɪnˈdɪfrənt ˈkwɑːləti ənd nɑːt dɑːrk ɪˈnʌf fɔːr ðə ɡeɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

advisable adjective US /ədˈvaɪzəbəl/

worthy of being recommended or suggested; prudent or wise

From this reading “Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.”

Blessings noun US /ˈblesɪŋz/

plural of “blessing” — the formal act of approving

From this reading “Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.”

Civilization noun US /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading “Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.”

Extending verb US /ɪkˈstendɪŋ/

-ing form of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading “Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.”

indifferent adjective US /ˌɪnˈdɪfrənt/

marked by a lack of interest

From this reading “And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.”

shy verb US /ʃaɪ/

start suddenly, as from fright

From this reading “The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.”

Sits verb US /sɪts/

third-person singular of “sit” — be seated

From this reading “Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.”

twain noun US /tweɪn/

two items of the same kind

From this reading “BY MARK TWAIN.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

considerable risk adjective + noun

In this reading “Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.”

make any verb + adjective

In this reading “Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.”

Sits in verb + particle counted as “sit in”

attend as a visitor

In this reading “Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

advisableadjectiveUS /ədˈvaɪzəbəl/

worthy of being recommended or suggested; prudent or wise

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

BlessingsnounUS /ˈblesɪŋz/

plural of “blessing” — the formal act of approving

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

BrothernounUS /ˈbrʌðər/

a male with the same parents as someone else

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

BYprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading BY MARK TWAIN.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

CivilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

considerableadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərəbəl/

large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

darknounUS /dɑːrk/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

DARKNESSnounUS /ˈdɑːrknəs/

absence of light or illumination

From this reading TO THE PERSON SITTING IN DARKNESS.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

ExtendingverbUS /ɪkˈstendɪŋ/

-ing form of “extend” — extend in scope or range or area

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

gamenounUS /ɡeɪm/

a contest with rules to determine a winner

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

gettingnounUS /ˈɡetɪŋ/

the act of acquiring something

From this reading The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading TO THE PERSON SITTING IN DARKNESS.

indifferentadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈdɪfrənt/

marked by a lack of interest

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

judgmentnounUS /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/

an opinion formed by judging something

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

MARKverbUS /mɑːrk/

attach a tag or label to

From this reading BY MARK TWAIN.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

paidadjectiveUS /peɪd/

marked by the reception of pay

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

PeoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.

PERSONnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading TO THE PERSON SITTING IN DARKNESS.

qualitynounUS /ˈkwɑːləti/

an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

risknounUS /rɪsk/

a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

scarceadverbUS /skers/

only a very short time before

From this reading The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.

shyverbUS /ʃaɪ/

start suddenly, as from fright

From this reading The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.

SitverbUS /sɪt/

be seated

From this reading The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.

SitsverbUS /sɪts/

third-person singular of “sit” — be seated

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

SITTINGnounUS /ˈsɪtɪŋ/

(photography) the act of assuming a certain position (as for a photograph or portrait)

From this reading TO THE PERSON SITTING IN DARKNESS.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading And such darkness as is now left is really of but an indifferent quality, and not dark enough for the game.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading TO THE PERSON SITTING IN DARKNESS.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading TO THE PERSON SITTING IN DARKNESS.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The People that Sit in Darkness are getting to be too scarce—too scarce and too shy.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

TWAINnounUS /tweɪn/

two items of the same kind

From this reading BY MARK TWAIN.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

workedverbUS /wɜːrkt/

past form of “work” — exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Extending the Blessings of Civilization to our Brother who Sits in Darkness has been a good trade and has paid well, on the whole; and there is money in it yet, if carefully worked—but not enough, in my judgment, to make any considerable risk advisable.

Chapter 1 of To the Person Sitting in Darkness by Mark Twain holds 215 sentences, grouped into 43 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of To the Person Sitting in Darkness contain?

Chapter 1 holds 215 sentences of To the Person Sitting in Darkness, unabridged, divided into 43 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of To the Person Sitting in Darkness by Mark Twain exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 215 sentences, grouped into 43 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of To the Person Sitting in Darkness?

Work through the 43 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 43 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading To the Person Sitting in Darkness

Common questions about reading To the Person Sitting in Darkness by Mark Twain on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of To the Person Sitting in Darkness?

Yes. All 215 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #62636 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of To the Person Sitting in Darkness is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #62636, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does To the Person Sitting in Darkness take to read?

About 17 minutes of reading across 43 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read To the Person Sitting in Darkness section by section

How to work through To the Person Sitting in Darkness section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of To the Person Sitting in Darkness to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in To the Person Sitting in Darkness

Words and structures a reader meets early in To the Person Sitting in Darkness, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Person
A word that appears in the opening chapter of To the Person Sitting in Darkness; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sitting
A word that appears in the opening chapter of To the Person Sitting in Darkness; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Darkness
A word that appears in the opening chapter of To the Person Sitting in Darkness; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Twain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of To the Person Sitting in Darkness; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.