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Tom Burnaby
Tom Burnaby

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Tom Burnaby is here in full — 365 sentences across 73 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/73 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.
A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.
It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.
Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.
A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Tom Burnaby

Chapter XVI

Chapter 16 of Tom Burnaby is here in full — 365 sentences across 73 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/73 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.
Line 2
A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.
Line 3
It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.
Line 4
Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.
Line 5
A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adornment noun US /əˈdɔːrnmənt/

a decoration of color or interest that is added to relieve plainness

From this reading “It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.”

Improves verb US /ˌɪmˈpruːvz/

third-person singular of “improve” — to make better

From this reading “Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.”

kaolin noun US /ˈkaʊlɪn/

a fine usually white clay formed by the weathering of aluminous minerals (as feldspar); used in ceramics and as an absorbent and as a filler (e.g., in paper)

From this reading “It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.”

layers noun US /ˈleɪərz/

plural of “layer” — single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance

From this reading “It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.”

liturgy noun US /ˈlɪtərdʒi/

a Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecrating bread and wine

From this reading “A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.”

necklaces noun US /ˈnekləsɪz/

plural of “necklace” — jewelry consisting of a cord or chain (often bearing gems) worn about the neck as an ornament (especially by women)

From this reading “It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.”

Prospecting verb US /ˌprɔːˈspektɪŋ/

-ing form of “prospect” — search for something desirable

From this reading “Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.”

smeared verb US /smɪrd/

past form of “smear” — stain by smearing or daubing with a dirty substance

From this reading “It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

greatly relieved adverb + adjective

In this reading “Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.”

outward signs adjective + noun counted as “outward sign”

In this reading “It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.”

vague idea adjective + noun

In this reading “Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.”

emerged from verb + particle counted as “emerge from”

In this reading “A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.”

deep hole adjective + noun

In this reading “A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.”

at nightfall preposition + noun

In this reading “Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.”

other articles adjective + noun counted as “other article”

In this reading “It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.”

real grief adjective + noun

In this reading “It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.”

All words in this reading · 117

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

adornmentnounUS /əˈdɔːrnmənt/

a decoration of color or interest that is added to relieve plainness

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

amidprepositionUS /əˈmɪd/

in the middle of; surrounded by

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

armlets

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

ArmsnounUS /ɑːrmz/

weapons considered collectively

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

articlesnounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəlz/

plural of “article” — nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

Bahima

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

banana-stalks

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.

Barega

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

bark-cloth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

beneathprepositionUS /bɪˈniːθ/

Directly under; in or to a lower position than.

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

besidesprepositionUS /bɪˈsaɪdz/

in addition to; as well as

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.

buriedadjectiveUS /ˈberid/

placed in a grave

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

chief'snounUS /tʃiːfs/

possessive form of “chief” — a person who is in charge

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

consignedverbUS /kənˈsaɪnd/

past form of “consign” — commit forever; commit irrevocably

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

constructedverbUS /kənˈstrʌktəd/

past form of “construct” — make by combining materials and parts

From this reading A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.

coveredadjectiveUS /ˈkʌvərd/

overlaid or spread or topped with or enclosed within something; sometimes used as a combining form

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

customnounUS /ˈkʌstəm/

accepted or habitual practice

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

deathnounUS /deθ/

the event of dying or departure from life

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

Deputationnoun

a group of representatives or delegates

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

dugnounUS /dʌɡ/

an udder or breast or teat

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

emergedverbUS /ɪˈmɜːrdʒd/

past form of “emerge” — come out into view, as from concealment

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

exhibitingverbUS /ɪɡˈzɪbɪtɪŋ/

-ing form of “exhibit” — show an attribute, property, knowledge, or skill

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

FirstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

frameworknounUS /ˈfreɪmwɜːrk/

a hypothetical description of a complex entity or process

From this reading A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

GermanynounUS /ˈdʒɜːrməni/

a republic in central Europe; split into East Germany and West Germany after World War II and reunited in 1990

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

greatlyadverbUS /ˈɡreɪtli/

to an extraordinary extent or degree

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

griefnounUS /ɡriːf/

intense sorrow caused by loss of a loved one (especially by death)

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

HerrnounUS /her/

a German man; used before the name as a title equivalent to Mr in English

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

holenounUS /hoʊl/

an opening into or through something

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

HonournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

hutnounUS /hʌt/

temporary military shelter

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

ImprovesverbUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvz/

third-person singular of “improve” — to make better

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

kaolinnounUS /ˈkaʊlɪn/

a fine usually white clay formed by the weathering of aluminous minerals (as feldspar); used in ceramics and as an absorbent and as a filler (e.g., in paper)

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

lamentationnoun

a cry of sorrow and grief

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

layersnounUS /ˈleɪərz/

plural of “layer” — single thickness of usually some homogeneous substance

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

liturgynounUS /ˈlɪtərdʒi/

a Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecrating bread and wine

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.

MadeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

MannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

medicine-man

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

mourningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

Msala

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

necklacesnounUS /ˈnekləsɪz/

plural of “necklace” — jewelry consisting of a cord or chain (often bearing gems) worn about the neck as an ornament (especially by women)

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

nightfallnounUS /ˈnaɪtfɔːl/

the time of day immediately following sunset

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

OccasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

outwardadjectiveUS /ˈaʊtwərd/

relating to physical reality rather than with thoughts or the mind

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

placedadjectiveUS /pleɪst/

situated in a particular spot or position

From this reading A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.

PoliticaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

ProblemnounUS /ˈprɑːbləm/

a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

ProspectingverbUS /ˌprɔːˈspektɪŋ/

-ing form of “prospect” — search for something desirable

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

recitalnounUS /rəˈsaɪtəl/

the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

relievedadjectiveUS /rɪˈliːvd/

(of pain or sorrow) made easier to bear

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

retirementnounUS /riˈtaɪərmənt/

the state of being retired from one's business or occupation

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

Schwab

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

signsnounUS /saɪnz/

plural of “sign” — a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened)

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

SituationnounUS /ˌsɪtʃuːˈeɪʃən/

the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

slainnounUS /sleɪn/

people who have been slain (as in battle)

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

smearedverbUS /smɪrd/

past form of “smear” — stain by smearing or daubing with a dirty substance

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

StepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

SulphurverbUS /ˈsʌlfər/

treat with sulphur in order to preserve

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

TomnounUS /tɑːm/

male cat

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

TravelsnounUS /ˈtrævəlz/

plural of “travel” — the act of going from one place to another

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

UnexpectedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/

not expected or anticipated

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

vagueadjectiveUS /veɪɡ/

not clearly expressed or understood

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

wailingnounUS /ˈweɪlɪŋ/

loud cries made while weeping

From this reading A deep hole was dug beneath the hut, and there, after the recital of a sort of liturgy by the medicine-man, who had emerged from his retirement into a position of some importance again, Barega was consigned to his last home amid wailing and lamentation.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Arms and the Man A Deputation--An Unexpected Honour--Msala Improves the Occasion--The Political Situation--First Steps--A Problem--Prospecting for Sulphur--Herr Schwab on His Travels--Made in Germany The chief was buried at nightfall.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Tom had a vague idea that at a chief’s death his wives were slain and buried with him, and was greatly relieved to find that this was not the custom among the Bahima.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading A long framework of banana-stalks was constructed, on which his body was placed.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

wivesnounUS /waɪvz/

plural of “wife” — a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading It was then covered with several layers of bark-cloth provided by his wives, who had smeared their faces with kaolin, and taken off their necklaces, armlets, and other articles of adornment, exhibiting, besides these outward signs of mourning, a very real grief.

Chapter 16 of Tom Burnaby by Herbert Strang holds 365 sentences, grouped into 73 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 16 of Tom Burnaby contain?

Chapter 16 holds 365 sentences of Tom Burnaby, unabridged, divided into 73 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 16 of Tom Burnaby by Herbert Strang exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 365 sentences, grouped into 73 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 16 of Tom Burnaby?

Work through the 73 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 73 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 16 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 16 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Tom Burnaby

Common questions about reading Tom Burnaby by Herbert Strang on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Tom Burnaby?

Yes. All 7151 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #42017 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Tom Burnaby is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #42017, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Tom Burnaby take to read?

About 595 minutes of reading across 1431 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Tom Burnaby section by section

How to work through Tom Burnaby section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 21 chapters of Tom Burnaby to begin.

  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Tom Burnaby

Words and structures a reader meets early in Tom Burnaby, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Brothers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tom Burnaby; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Search
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tom Burnaby; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Strife
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tom Burnaby; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Loving
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tom Burnaby; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.