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Tono-Bungay
Tono-Bungay

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Tono-Bungay is here in full — 210 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Tono-Bungay
Context Illustration Reading 1/42 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Most people in this world seem to live in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.
You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.
They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than character actors.”
They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.
But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Tono-Bungay

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Tono-Bungay is here in full — 210 sentences across 42 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/42 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Most people in this world seem to livein character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.
Line 2
You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.
/juː kæn spiːk ʌv ðem æz ˈbiːɪŋ ʌv ðɪs sɔːrt ʌv ˈpiːpəl ɔːr ðæt/
Line 3
They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) thancharacter actors.”
/ðeɪ ɑːr æz θiˈætrɪkəl ˈpiːpəl seɪ noʊ mɔːr ənd noʊ les ðæn ˈkerɪktər ˈæktərz/
Line 4
They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.
Line 5
But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.
/bʌt ðer ɪz ˈɔːlsoʊ əˈnʌðər kaɪnd ʌv laɪf ðæt ɪz nɑːt soʊ mʌtʃ ˈlɪvɪŋ æz ə ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs ˈteɪstɪŋ ʌv laɪf/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

actors noun US /ˈæktərz/

plural of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading “They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.””

miscellaneous adjective US /ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading “But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.”

properly adverb US /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading “They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.”

rules noun US /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading “Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.”

tasting noun US /ˈteɪstɪŋ/

a small amount (especially of food or wine)

From this reading “But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.”

theatrical adjective US /θiˈætrɪkəl/

of or relating to the theater

From this reading “They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.””

tombstone noun US /ˈtuːmstoʊn/

a stone that is used to mark a grave

From this reading “They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.”

type noun US /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading “Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

actorsnounUS /ˈæktərz/

plural of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

becomingadjectiveUS /bɪˈkʌmɪŋ/

according with custom or propriety

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

congruousadjective

corresponding in character or kind

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

dueadjectiveUS /duː/

owed and payable immediately or on demand

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

liveverbUS /laɪv/

be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

middlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

miscellaneousadjectiveUS /ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

MostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

playedadjectiveUS /pleɪd/

(of games) engaged in

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

rulesnounUS /ruːlz/

plural of “rule” — a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

sortnounUS /sɔːrt/

a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

speakverbUS /spiːk/

express in speech

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

tastingnounUS /ˈteɪstɪŋ/

a small amount (especially of food or wine)

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

tellsnounUS /telz/

plural of “tell” — a Swiss patriot who lived in the early 14th century and who was renowned for his skill as an archer

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

theatricaladjectiveUS /θiˈætrɪkəl/

of or relating to the theater

From this reading They are, as theatrical people say, no more (and no less) than “character actors.”

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading But there is also another kind of life that is not so much living as a miscellaneous tasting of life.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

tombstonenounUS /ˈtuːmstoʊn/

a stone that is used to mark a grave

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading They have a class, they have a place, they know what is becoming in them and what is due to them, and their proper size of tombstone tells at last how properly they have played the part.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Most people in this world seem to live “in character”; they have a beginning, a middle and an end, and the three are congruous one with another and true to the rules of their type.

YoupronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading You can speak of them as being of this sort of people or that.

Chapter 1 of Tono-Bungay by H. G. (Herbert George) Wells holds 210 sentences, grouped into 42 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Tono-Bungay contain?

Chapter 1 holds 210 sentences of Tono-Bungay, unabridged, divided into 42 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Tono-Bungay by H. G. (Herbert George) Wells exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 210 sentences, grouped into 42 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Tono-Bungay?

Work through the 42 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 42 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Tono-Bungay

Common questions about reading Tono-Bungay by H. G. (Herbert George) Wells on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Tono-Bungay?

Yes. All 8271 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #718 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Tono-Bungay is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #718, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Tono-Bungay take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1655 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Tono-Bungay section by section

How to work through Tono-Bungay section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 38 chapters of Tono-Bungay to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Tono-Bungay

Words and structures a reader meets early in Tono-Bungay, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

People
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tono-Bungay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
World
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tono-Bungay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Character
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tono-Bungay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beginning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Tono-Bungay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.