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Topsy-Turvy Land
Topsy-Turvy Land

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Topsy-Turvy Land is here in full — 579 sentences across 116 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/115 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Let us get back to the penny.
Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.
The opposite side only has the Sultan's name in Arabic.
On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."
Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Topsy-Turvy Land

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Topsy-Turvy Land is here in full — 579 sentences across 116 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/115 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Let us get back to the penny.
/let ʌs ɡet bæk tuː ðə ˈpeni/
Line 2
Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.
Line 3
The opposite side only has the Sultan's name in Arabic.
/ðə ˈɑːpəzət saɪd ˈoʊnli hæz ðə ˈsʌltənz neɪm ɪn ˈærəbɪk/
Line 4
On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."
Line 5
Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Arabic noun US /ˈærəbɪk/

the Semitic language of the Arabs; spoken in a variety of dialects

From this reading “Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.”

forbids verb US /fərˈbɪdz/

third-person singular of “forbid” — command against

From this reading “Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.”

inscription noun US /ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃən/

letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something

From this reading “Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.”

Mecca noun US /ˈmekə/

joint capital (with Riyadh) of Saudi Arabia; located in western Saudi Arabia; as the birthplace of Muhammad it is the holiest city of Islam

From this reading “Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.”

Medina noun US /məˈdaɪnə/

a city in western Saudi Arabia; site of the tomb of Muhammad; the second most holy city of Islam

From this reading “Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.”

Moslems noun US /ˈmɑːzləmz/

plural of “moslem” — a believer in or follower of Islam

From this reading “Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.”

Muscat noun US /ˈmʌskæt/

any of several cultivated grapevines that produce sweet white grapes

From this reading “On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."”

Sultan's noun US /ˈsʌltənz/

possessive form of “sultan” — the ruler of a Muslim country (especially of the former Ottoman Empire)

From this reading “The opposite side only has the Sultan's name in Arabic.”

All words in this reading · 63

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1315

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

ArabicnounUS /ˈærəbɪk/

the Semitic language of the Arabs; spoken in a variety of dialects

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Let us get back to the penny.

bearsnounUS /berz/

plural of “bear” — massive plantigrade carnivorous or omnivorous mammals with long shaggy coats and strong claws

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

coinverbUS /kɔɪn/

make up

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

datenounUS /deɪt/

the specified day of the month

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

flightnounUS /flaɪt/

a formation of aircraft in flight

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

forbidsverbUS /fərˈbɪdz/

third-person singular of “forbid” — command against

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Let us get back to the penny.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

Hegiranoun

the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 which marked the beginning of the Muslim era; the Muslim calendar begins in that year

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The opposite side only has the Sultan's name in Arabic.

inscriptionnounUS /ˌɪnˈskrɪpʃən/

letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

legendnounUS /ˈledʒənd/

a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

Letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Let us get back to the penny.

MeccanounUS /ˈmekə/

joint capital (with Riyadh) of Saudi Arabia; located in western Saudi Arabia; as the birthplace of Muhammad it is the holiest city of Islam

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

MedinanounUS /məˈdaɪnə/

a city in western Saudi Arabia; site of the tomb of Muhammad; the second most holy city of Islam

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

Mohammedannoun

a follower of Mohammed

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

MoslemsnounUS /ˈmɑːzləmz/

plural of “moslem” — a believer in or follower of Islam

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

MuscatnounUS /ˈmʌskæt/

any of several cultivated grapevines that produce sweet white grapes

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The opposite side only has the Sultan's name in Arabic.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading The opposite side only has the Sultan's name in Arabic.

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading The opposite side only has the Sultan's name in Arabic.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

pennynounUS /ˈpeni/

a fractional monetary unit of Ireland and the United Kingdom; equal to one hundredth of a pound

From this reading Let us get back to the penny.

picturesnounUS /ˈpɪktʃərz/

plural of “picture” — a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

prophetnounUS /ˈprɑːfət/

an authoritative person who divines the future

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

religionnounUS /rɪˈlɪdʒən/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The opposite side only has the Sultan's name in Arabic.

StruckadjectiveUS /strʌk/

(used in combination) affected by something overwhelming

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

Sultan'snounUS /ˈsʌltənz/

possessive form of “sultan” — the ruler of a Muslim country (especially of the former Ottoman Empire)

From this reading The opposite side only has the Sultan's name in Arabic.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Let us get back to the penny.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Let us get back to the penny.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Let us get back to the penny.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Its face (although being a Mohammedan coin it really has no human _face_ because their religion forbids pictures) bears an English as well as an Arabic inscription.

wordsnounUS /wɜːrdz/

the words that are spoken

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading On the side that has the English words is the legend: "Struck at Muscat in the year 1315."

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

YetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Yet the penny is only three years old, for the Moslems begin to date their years from the _Hegira_, or flight of their prophet from Mecca to Medina.

Chapter 2 of Topsy-Turvy Land by Samuel Marinus Zwemer holds 579 sentences, grouped into 116 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Topsy-Turvy Land contain?

Chapter 2 holds 579 sentences of Topsy-Turvy Land, unabridged, divided into 116 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Topsy-Turvy Land by Samuel Marinus Zwemer exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 579 sentences, grouped into 116 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Topsy-Turvy Land?

Work through the 116 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 116 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Topsy-Turvy Land

Common questions about reading Topsy-Turvy Land by Samuel Marinus Zwemer on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Topsy-Turvy Land?

Yes. All 1175 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15658 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Topsy-Turvy Land is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15658, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Topsy-Turvy Land take to read?

About 97 minutes of reading across 235 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through Topsy-Turvy Land section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Topsy-Turvy Land

Words and structures a reader meets early in Topsy-Turvy Land, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Pictures
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Topsy-Turvy Land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stories
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Topsy-Turvy Land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Children
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Topsy-Turvy Land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Small
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Topsy-Turvy Land; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.