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Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village
Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village is here in full — 173 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village
Context Illustration Reading 1/34 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MWNTSEISON.
Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.
In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.
It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.
The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village is here in full — 173 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/34 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MWNTSEISON.
Line 2
Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.
Line 3
In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.
Line 4
It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.
Line 5
The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.
/ðə striːm ˈrʌnɪŋ θruː ðə ˈsentər ʌv ðə ˈvɪlədʒ wɑːz æn ˈɑːbdʒekt ʌv ˈɪntrəst ənd əˈtrækʃən tuː ðə hoʊl kəˈmjuːnəti ˈbiːɪŋ ðə ˈkɑːmən ˈrɑːndɪvuː fɔːr ɔːl sɔːrts ʌv dəˈmestɪk ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃənz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cardigan noun US /ˈkɑːrdɪɡən/

knitted jacket that is fastened up the front with buttons or a zipper

From this reading “Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.”

chink noun US /tʃɪŋk/

(ethnic slur) offensive term for a person of Chinese descent

From this reading “It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.”

cluster verb US /ˈklʌstər/

come together as in a cluster or flock

From this reading “It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.”

cottages noun US /ˈkɑːtɪdʒɪz/

plural of “cottage” — a small house with a single story

From this reading “It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.”

fussy adjective US /ˈfʌsi/

annoyed and irritable

From this reading “In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.”

moors noun US /mʊrz/

plural of “moor” — one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century

From this reading “Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.”

perched verb US /pɜːrtʃt/

past form of “perch” — sit, as on a branch

From this reading “It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.”

rendezvous noun US /ˈrɑːndɪvuː/

a meeting planned at a certain time and place

From this reading “The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

narrow valley verb + noun

In this reading “In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.”

rugged hills adjective + noun counted as “rugged hill”

In this reading “Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.”

whole community adjective + noun

In this reading “The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.”

Between two preposition + noun

In this reading “Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.”

whole village adjective + noun

In this reading “In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.”

all sorts adjective + noun counted as “all sort”

In this reading “The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.”

cluster of verb + particle

In this reading “It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.”

green waters noun + noun

In this reading “Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.”

All words in this reading · 89

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

abruptlyadverbUS /əˈbrʌptli/

quickly and without warning

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

attractionnounUS /əˈtrækʃən/

the force by which one object attracts another

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

BaynounUS /beɪ/

an indentation of a shoreline larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

BetweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

CardigannounUS /ˈkɑːrdɪɡən/

knitted jacket that is fastened up the front with buttons or a zipper

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

centrenounUS /ˈsentər/

a low-lying region in central France

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

chinknounUS /tʃɪŋk/

(ethnic slur) offensive term for a person of Chinese descent

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

clearverbUS /klɪr/

rid of obstructions

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

clusterverbUS /ˈklʌstər/

come together as in a cluster or flock

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

commonadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmən/

belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

communitynounUS /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

confusionnounUS /kənˈfjuːʒən/

disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

cottagesnounUS /ˈkɑːtɪdʒɪz/

plural of “cottage” — a small house with a single story

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

cwmnoun

a steep-walled semicircular basin in a mountain; may contain a lake

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

domesticadjectiveUS /dəˈmestɪk/

of concern to or concerning the internal affairs of a nation

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

fussyadjectiveUS /ˈfʌsi/

annoyed and irritable

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

gardennounUS /ˈɡɑːrdən/

a plot of ground where plants are cultivated

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

greennounUS /ɡriːn/

green color or pigment; resembling the color of growing grass

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

Gwendraeth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

hillsnounUS /hɪlz/

plural of “hill” — a local and well-defined elevation of the land

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

irregularadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈreɡjələr/

contrary to rule or accepted order or general practice

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

knolls

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

moorsnounUS /mʊrz/

plural of “moor” — one of the Muslim people of north Africa; of mixed Arab and Berber descent; converted to Islam in the 8th century; conqueror of Spain in the 8th century

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

MWNTSEISON

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MWNTSEISON.

narrowverbUS /ˈneroʊ/

make or become more narrow or restricted

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

noisyadjectiveUS /ˈnɔɪzi/

full of or characterized by loud and nonmusical sounds

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

operationsnounUS /ˌɑːpərˈeɪʃənz/

financial transactions at a brokerage; having to do with the execution of trades and keeping customer records

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

perchedverbUS /pɜːrtʃt/

past form of “perch” — sit, as on a branch

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

rendezvousnounUS /ˈrɑːndɪvuː/

a meeting planned at a certain time and place

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

rocksnounUS /rɑːks/

plural of “rock” — a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

rockyadjectiveUS /ˈrɑːki/

abounding in rocks or stones

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

ruggedadjectiveUS /ˈrʌɡəd/

sturdy and strong in constitution or construction; enduring

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

runningadjectiveUS /ˈrʌnɪŋ/

(of fluids) moving or issuing in a stream

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

sandsnounUS /sændz/

the region of the shore of a lake or sea or ocean

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

shellsnounUS /ʃelz/

plural of “shell” — ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

sortsnounUS /sɔːrts/

plural of “sort” — a category of things distinguished by some common characteristic or quality

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

spacenounUS /speɪs/

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

stormverbUS /stɔːrm/

behave violently, as if in state of a great anger

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

streamnounUS /striːm/

a natural body of running water flowing on or under the earth

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

streamletnoun

a small stream

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

sufficientadjectiveUS /səˈfɪʃənt/

of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

valleynounUS /ˈvæli/

a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The stream running through the centre of the village was an object of interest and attraction to the whole community, being the common rendezvous for all sorts of domestic operations.

watersnounUS /ˈwɔːtərz/

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

whereverconjunctionUS /weˈrevər/

in or to any place at all

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Between two rugged hills, which rose abruptly from the clear, green waters of Cardigan Bay, the Gwendraeth, a noisy little river, found its way from the moors above to the sands which formed the entrance from the sea to the village of Mwntseison.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading It looked like nothing more than a cluster of white shells left by the storm in a chink of the rocks, the cottages being perched in the most irregular confusion wherever sufficient space could be found between the rocky knolls for a house and garden.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading In the narrow valley, or "cwm," through which the fussy little streamlet ran, the whole village lay.

Chapter 1 of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village by Allen Raine holds 173 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village contain?

Chapter 1 holds 173 sentences of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village by Allen Raine exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 173 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village

Common questions about reading Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village by Allen Raine on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village?

Yes. All 3599 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #63502 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #63502, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village take to read?

About 299 minutes of reading across 720 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village section by section

How to work through Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village

Words and structures a reader meets early in Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mwntseison
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Between
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rugged
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hills
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Torn Sails: A Tale of a Welsh Village; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.