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Toy-Making in School and Home
Toy-Making in School and Home

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Toy-Making in School and Home is here in full — 122 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.
The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.
The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.
The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.
Panel pins have small heads.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Toy-Making in School and Home

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Toy-Making in School and Home is here in full — 122 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.
/məˈtɪriəlz neɪlz ðə neɪlz juːzd ɪn ðə ˈmeɪkɪŋ ʌv ðə tɔɪz dɪˈskraɪbd ɪn ðə ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ ˈtʃæptərz ɑːr meɪd ʌv ˈveri faɪn ˈwaɪər wɪð faɪn pɔɪnts/
Line 2
The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.
Line 3
The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.
Line 4
The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.
Line 5
Panel pins have small heads.
/ˈpænəl pɪnz hæv smɔːl hedz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chapters noun US /ˈtʃæptərz/

plural of “chapter” — a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading “MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.”

eighths noun US /eɪtθs/

plural of “eighth” — position eight in a countable series of things

From this reading “The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.”

gauge verb US /ɡeɪdʒ/

judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)

From this reading “The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.”

Panel noun US /ˈpænəl/

sheet that forms a distinct (usually flat and rectangular) section or component of something

From this reading “Panel pins have small heads.”

sizes noun US /ˈsaɪzəz/

plural of “size” — the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading “The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.”

vary verb US /ˈveri/

become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence

From this reading “The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.”

veneer noun US /vəˈnɪr/

coating consisting of a thin layer of superior wood glued to a base of inferior wood

From this reading “The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.”

woodwork noun US /ˈwʊdwɜːrk/

work made of wood; especially moldings or stairways or furniture

From this reading “The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

commonly used adverb + adjective

In this reading “The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.”

most useful adverb + adjective

In this reading “The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.”

following chapters adjective + noun counted as “following chapter”

In this reading “MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.”

fine wire adjective + noun

In this reading “MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

17

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

2

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

21

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

3

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.

4

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

chaptersnounUS /ˈtʃæptərz/

plural of “chapter” — a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

commonlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːmənli/

under normal conditions

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

describedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskraɪbd/

represented in words especially with sharpness and detail

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

eighthsnounUS /eɪtθs/

plural of “eighth” — position eight in a countable series of things

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

fineadjectiveUS /faɪn/

being satisfactory or in satisfactory condition

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

fineradjectiveUS /ˈfaɪnər/

(comparative of “fine”) greater in quality or excellence

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

followingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːloʊɪŋ/

about to be mentioned or specified

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

gaugeverbUS /ɡeɪdʒ/

judge tentatively or form an estimate of (quantities or time)

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Panel pins have small heads.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Panel pins have small heads.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

inchnounUS /ɪntʃ/

a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

inchesnounUS /ˈɪntʃəz/

plural of “inch” — a unit of length equal to one twelfth of a foot

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

increasingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋ/

becoming greater or larger

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

lengthnounUS /leŋkθ/

the linear extent in space from one end to the other; the longest dimension of something that is fixed in place

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

lightadjectiveUS /laɪt/

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

MATERIALSnounUS /məˈtɪriəlz/

plural of “material” — the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.

NailsnounUS /neɪlz/

plural of “nail” — horny plate covering and protecting part of the dorsal surface of the digits

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

PanelnounUS /ˈpænəl/

sheet that forms a distinct (usually flat and rectangular) section or component of something

From this reading Panel pins have small heads.

pinsnounUS /pɪnz/

plural of “pin” — a piece of jewelry that is pinned onto the wearer's garment

From this reading The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.

pointsnounUS /pɔɪnts/

plural of “point” — a geometric element that has position but no extension

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

sizesnounUS /ˈsaɪzəz/

plural of “size” — the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Panel pins have small heads.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

splitverbUS /splɪt/

separate into parts or portions

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

toysnounUS /tɔɪz/

plural of “toy” — an artifact designed to be played with

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

usefuladjectiveUS /ˈjuːsfəl/

being of use or service

From this reading The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.

varyverbUS /ˈveri/

become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence

From this reading The nails vary in length from 1/4 inch to 2 inches, increasing by eighths of an inch.

veneernounUS /vəˈnɪr/

coating consisting of a thin layer of superior wood glued to a base of inferior wood

From this reading The most useful sizes are veneer pins 1/2 inch in length and 3/4 inch in length.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

wirenounUS /ˈwaɪər/

ligament made of metal and used to fasten things or make cages or fences etc

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading MATERIALS =Nails.= The nails used in the making of the toys described in the following chapters are made of very fine wire, with fine points.

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

woodworknounUS /ˈwʊdwɜːrk/

work made of wood; especially moldings or stairways or furniture

From this reading The wire commonly used for such nails is 17 gauge, but a finer gauge (21) is better for light woodwork, for it does not split the wood so easily.

Chapter 11 of Toy-Making in School and Home by R. K. (Ruby Kathleen) Polkinghorne holds 122 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Toy-Making in School and Home contain?

Chapter 11 holds 122 sentences of Toy-Making in School and Home, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Toy-Making in School and Home by R. K. (Ruby Kathleen) Polkinghorne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 122 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Toy-Making in School and Home?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Toy-Making in School and Home

Common questions about reading Toy-Making in School and Home by R. K. (Ruby Kathleen) Polkinghorne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Toy-Making in School and Home?

Yes. All 3320 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #45775 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Toy-Making in School and Home is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #45775, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Toy-Making in School and Home take to read?

About 276 minutes of reading across 664 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Toy-Making in School and Home section by section

How to work through Toy-Making in School and Home section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of Toy-Making in School and Home to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Toy-Making in School and Home

Words and structures a reader meets early in Toy-Making in School and Home, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Toy-Making in School and Home; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Carat
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Toy-Making in School and Home; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Character
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Toy-Making in School and Home; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Denote
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Toy-Making in School and Home; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.