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Trafalgar: A Tale
Trafalgar: A Tale

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Trafalgar: A Tale is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
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When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.
Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.
The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:
"To the pumps!"
All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Trafalgar: A Tale

Chapter XII

Chapter 12 of Trafalgar: A Tale is here in full — 160 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.
/wen ðə maɪnd hæd səˈfɪʃəntli rəˈkʌvərd frʌm ðə ʃɑːk ənd ɪkˈsaɪtmənt ʌv ˈbætəl ənd hæd taɪm tuː tɜːrn frʌm ðə ˈpɪti ʌv ɪt ənd ðə tʃɪl ʌv ˈterər left baɪ ðə saɪt ʌv ðæt tərˈɪfɪk ˈstrʌɡəl ðoʊz huː wɜːr left əˈlaɪv kʊd siː ðə ˈhæpləs ˈvesəl ɪn ɔːl ɪts ˈmædʒəsti ʌv ˈhɔːrər/
Line 2
Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.
/tɪl naʊ wiː hæd θɔːt ʌv ˈnʌθɪŋ bʌt ˌselfdɪˈfens bʌt wen ðə ˈfaɪrɪŋ siːst wiː kʊd tɜːrn ˈaʊər əˈtenʃən tuː ðə dəˈlæpədeɪtɪd steɪt ʌv ðə ʃɪp wɪtʃ let ɪn ðə ˈwɔːtər æt ə ˈhʌndrəd liːks ənd wɑːz bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ tuː sɪŋk ˈθretənɪŋ tuː ˈberi ʌs ɔːl ˈlɪvɪŋ ənd ded æt ðə ˈbɑːtəm ʌv ðə siː/
Line 3
The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:
/ðə ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ hæd ˈskersli ˈteɪkən pəˈzeʃən wen ə ʃaʊt ərˈoʊz frʌm ˈaʊər ˈseɪlərz æz frʌm wʌn mæn/
Line 4
"To the pumps!"
/tuː ðə pʌmps/
Line 5
All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.
/ɔːl huː wɜːr ˈeɪbəl fluː tuː ðə pʌmps ənd ˈleɪbərd hɑːrd æt ðem bʌt ðiːz ˌɪnəˈfektʃuːəl məˈʃiːnz tɜːrnd aʊt mʌtʃ les ˈwɔːtər ðæn pɔːrd ɪn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

dilapidated adjective US /dəˈlæpədeɪtɪd/

in deplorable condition

From this reading “Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.”

hapless adjective US /ˈhæpləs/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading “When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.”

ineffectual adjective US /ˌɪnəˈfektʃuːəl/

not producing an intended effect

From this reading “All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.”

labored adjective US /ˈleɪbərd/

lacking natural ease

From this reading “All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.”

leaks noun US /liːks/

plural of “leak” — an accidental hole that allows something (fluid or light etc.) to enter or escape

From this reading “Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.”

machines noun US /məˈʃiːnz/

plural of “machine” — any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading “All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.”

pumps noun US /pʌmps/

plural of “pump” — a mechanical device that moves fluid or gas by pressure or suction

From this reading “"To the pumps!"”

self-defence noun US /ˌselfdɪˈfens/

the act of defending yourself

From this reading “Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

sufficiently recovered adverb + adjective

In this reading “When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.”

taken possession adjective + noun

In this reading “The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:”

at the bottom preposition + article + noun counted as “at … bottom”

In this reading “Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.”

arose from verb + particle counted as “arise from”

In this reading “The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:”

from the shock preposition + article + noun counted as “from … shock”

In this reading “When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.”

Till now preposition + adverb

In this reading “Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.”

by the sight preposition + article + noun counted as “by … sight”

In this reading “When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.”

poured in verb + particle counted as “pour in”

In this reading “All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.”

All words in this reading · 94

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

aliveadjectiveUS /əˈlaɪv/

possessing life

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

aroseverbUS /ərˈoʊz/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

attentionnounUS /əˈtenʃən/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

battlenounUS /ˈbætəl/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

beginningnounUS /bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ/

the event consisting of the start of something

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

bottomnounUS /ˈbɑːtəm/

the lower side of anything

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

buryverbUS /ˈberi/

cover from sight

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

ceasedverbUS /siːst/

past form of “cease” — put an end to a state or an activity

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

chillnounUS /tʃɪl/

coldness due to a cold environment

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

dilapidatedadjectiveUS /dəˈlæpədeɪtɪd/

in deplorable condition

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

excitementnounUS /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/

the feeling of lively and cheerful joy

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

firingnounUS /ˈfaɪrɪŋ/

the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

flewverbUS /fluː/

inflected form of “fly” — travel through the air; be airborne

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

haplessadjectiveUS /ˈhæpləs/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

horrornounUS /ˈhɔːrər/

intense and profound fear

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

hundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

ineffectualadjectiveUS /ˌɪnəˈfektʃuːəl/

not producing an intended effect

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

laboredadjectiveUS /ˈleɪbərd/

lacking natural ease

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

leaksnounUS /liːks/

plural of “leak” — an accidental hole that allows something (fluid or light etc.) to enter or escape

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

machinesnounUS /məˈʃiːnz/

plural of “machine” — any mechanical or electrical device that transmits or modifies energy to perform or assist in the performance of human tasks

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

majestynounUS /ˈmædʒəsti/

impressiveness in scale or proportion

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

pitynounUS /ˈpɪti/

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

pouredverbUS /pɔːrd/

past form of “pour” — cause to run

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

pumpsnounUS /pʌmps/

plural of “pump” — a mechanical device that moves fluid or gas by pressure or suction

From this reading "To the pumps!"

recoveredadjectiveUS /rəˈkʌvərd/

freed from illness or injury

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

sailorsnounUS /ˈseɪlərz/

plural of “sailor” — any member of a ship's crew

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

self-defencenounUS /ˌselfdɪˈfens/

the act of defending yourself

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

shipverbUS /ʃɪp/

transport commercially

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

shocknounUS /ʃɑːk/

the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

shoutverbUS /ʃaʊt/

utter in a loud voice; talk in a loud voice (usually denoting characteristic manner of speaking)

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

sinkverbUS /sɪŋk/

fall or descend to a lower place or level

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

struggleverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəl/

make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

sufficientlyadverbUS /səˈfɪʃəntli/

to a sufficient degree

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading The English had scarcely taken possession when a shout arose from our sailors, as from one man:

terrificadjectiveUS /tərˈɪfɪk/

very great or intense

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

threateningadjectiveUS /ˈθretənɪŋ/

threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

TillprepositionUS /tɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

turnverbUS /tɜːrn/

change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading All who were able flew to the pumps and labored hard at them; but these ineffectual machines turned out much less water than poured in.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Till now we had thought of nothing but self-defence, but when the firing ceased we could turn our attention to the dilapidated state of the ship, which let in the water at a hundred leaks and was beginning to sink, threatening to bury us all, living and dead, at the bottom of the sea.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading When the mind had sufficiently recovered from the shock and excitement of battle, and had time to turn from "the pity of it" and the chill of terror left by the sight of that terrific struggle, those who were left alive could see the hapless vessel in all its majesty of horror.

Chapter 12 of Trafalgar: A Tale by Benito Pérez Galdós holds 160 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Trafalgar: A Tale contain?

Chapter 12 holds 160 sentences of Trafalgar: A Tale, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Trafalgar: A Tale by Benito Pérez Galdós exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 160 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Trafalgar: A Tale?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Trafalgar: A Tale

Common questions about reading Trafalgar: A Tale by Benito Pérez Galdós on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Trafalgar: A Tale?

Yes. All 2073 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #47980 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Trafalgar: A Tale is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #47980, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Trafalgar: A Tale take to read?

About 172 minutes of reading across 415 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Trafalgar: A Tale

Words and structures a reader meets early in Trafalgar: A Tale, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trafalgar: A Tale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spanish
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trafalgar: A Tale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Clara
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trafalgar: A Tale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Revised
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trafalgar: A Tale; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.