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Trails of the Pathfinders
Trails of the Pathfinders

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Trails of the Pathfinders is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
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ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.
They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.
They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.
Meantime the Indians kept coming in, and they made quite a trade in beaver.
In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Trails of the Pathfinders

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Trails of the Pathfinders is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.
Line 2
They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.
/ðeɪ wɜːr tʃɑːrmd wɪð ðer fræŋk ənd ˈhɑːˈspɪtəbəl rɪˈsepʃən ənd wɪð ðə ˌsuːpɪriˈɔːrɪti ɪn ˈklenlinɪs ʌv ðiːz ˈɪndiənz ˈoʊvər ˈʌðər traɪbz ðæt ðeɪ hæd siːn/
Line 3
They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.
/ðeɪ dɪˈtɜːrmənd tuː rɪˈmeɪn hiːr fɔːr ə waɪl ənd bɪˈɡæn ðə ˈbɪldɪŋ ʌv ə lɔːɡ haʊs ɪn wɪtʃ tuː ˈwɪntər/
Line 4
Meantime the Indians kept coming in, and they made quite a trade in beaver.
/ˈmiːntaɪm ðə ˈɪndiənz kept ˈkʌmɪŋ ɪn ənd ðeɪ meɪd kwaɪt ə treɪd ɪn ˈbiːvər/
Line 5
In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

anniversary noun US /ˌænəˈvɜːrsəri/

the date on which an event occurred in some previous year (or the celebration of it)

From this reading “ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.”

cedar noun US /ˈsiːdər/

any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars

From this reading “In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.”

cleanliness noun US /ˈklenlinɪs/

the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections

From this reading “They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.”

cox noun US /kɑːks/

either of two related enzymes that control the production of prostaglandins and are blocked by aspirin

From this reading “ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.”

Flatheads noun US /ˈflæthedz/

plural of “flathead” — food fish of the Indonesian region of the Pacific; resembles gurnards

From this reading “ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.”

planks noun US /plæŋks/

plural of “plank” — a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes

From this reading “In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.”

Spokane noun US /spoʊˈkæn/

a city in eastern Washington near the Idaho border

From this reading “In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.”

trading noun US /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

buying or selling securities or commodities

From this reading “ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

set out verb + adjective

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

In this reading “ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.”

log house verb + noun

In this reading “They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.”

small village adjective + noun

In this reading “ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.”

remain here verb + particle

In this reading “They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.”

other tribes adjective + noun counted as “other tribe”

In this reading “They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.”

six men noun + noun

In this reading “In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

10th

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

17

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

anniversarynounUS /ˌænəˈvɜːrsəri/

the date on which an event occurred in some previous year (or the celebration of it)

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

BeavernounUS /ˈbiːvər/

the soft brown fur of the beaver

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

buildingnounUS /ˈbɪldɪŋ/

a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

canoenounUS /kəˈnuː/

small and light boat; pointed at both ends; propelled with a paddle

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

cedarnounUS /ˈsiːdər/

any of numerous trees of the family Cupressaceae that resemble cedars

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

charmedadjectiveUS /tʃɑːrmd/

strongly attracted

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

cleanlinessnounUS /ˈklenlinɪs/

the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading Meantime the Indians kept coming in, and they made quite a trade in beaver.

COXnounUS /kɑːks/

either of two related enzymes that control the production of prostaglandins and are blocked by aspirin

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

DecembernounUS /dɪˈsembər/

the last (12th) month of the year

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

descendverbUS /dɪˈsend/

move downward and lower, but not necessarily all the way

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

determinedadjectiveUS /dɪˈtɜːrmənd/

characterized by great determination

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

expeditionnounUS /ˌekspəˈdɪʃən/

a military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign country

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

Farnham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

FlatheadsnounUS /ˈflæthedz/

plural of “flathead” — food fish of the Indonesian region of the Pacific; resembles gurnards

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

frankadjectiveUS /fræŋk/

characterized by directness in manner or speech; without subtlety or evasion

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

hereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

hospitableadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːˈspɪtəbəl/

favorable to life and growth

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Meantime the Indians kept coming in, and they made quite a trade in beaver.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

logverbUS /lɔːɡ/

enter into a log, as on ships and planes

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Meantime the Indians kept coming in, and they made quite a trade in beaver.

MeantimenounUS /ˈmiːntaɪm/

the time between one event, process, or period and another

From this reading Meantime the Indians kept coming in, and they made quite a trade in beaver.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

NovembernounUS /noʊˈvembər/

the month following October and preceding December

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

OctobernounUS /ɑːkˈtoʊbər/

the month following September and preceding November

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

planksnounUS /plæŋks/

plural of “plank” — a stout length of sawn timber; made in a wide variety of sizes and used for many purposes

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

quiteadverbUS /kwaɪt/

to a degree (not used with a negative)

From this reading Meantime the Indians kept coming in, and they made quite a trade in beaver.

reachedverbUS /riːtʃt/

past form of “reach” — reach a destination, either real or abstract

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

receptionnounUS /rɪˈsepʃən/

the manner in which something is greeted

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

ROSSnounUS /rɑːs/

Scottish explorer who led Arctic expeditions that yielded geographic discoveries while searching for the Northwest Passage (1777-1856)

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

sailingnounUS /ˈseɪlɪŋ/

the work of a sailor

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

SpokanenounUS /spoʊˈkæn/

a city in eastern Washington near the Idaho border

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

superioritynounUS /ˌsuːpɪriˈɔːrɪti/

the quality of being superior

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading Meantime the Indians kept coming in, and they made quite a trade in beaver.

tradingnounUS /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

buying or selling securities or commodities

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

tribesnounUS /traɪbz/

plural of “tribe” — a social division of (usually preliterate) people

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

winternounUS /ˈwɪntər/

the coldest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the winter solstice to the vernal equinox

From this reading They determined to remain here for a while, and began the building of a log house in which to winter.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They were charmed with their frank and hospitable reception, and with the superiority in cleanliness of these Indians over other tribes that they had seen.

Year'snounUS /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading In December, Cox, having had a good canoe built of cedar planks, took leave of Farnham, and with six men set out to descend the river to Spokane, which was reached about New Year’s day.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading ROSS COX II It was October 17, the anniversary of the sailing from New York of the “Beaver,” that Cox and Farnham set out on their trading expedition to the Flatheads, and on the 10th of November they reached the small village of these people.

Chapter 20 of Trails of the Pathfinders by George Bird Grinnell holds 106 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Trails of the Pathfinders contain?

Chapter 20 holds 106 sentences of Trails of the Pathfinders, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Trails of the Pathfinders by George Bird Grinnell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 106 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Trails of the Pathfinders?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Trails of the Pathfinders

Common questions about reading Trails of the Pathfinders by George Bird Grinnell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Trails of the Pathfinders?

Yes. All 4072 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #53897 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Trails of the Pathfinders is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #53897, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Trails of the Pathfinders take to read?

About 339 minutes of reading across 815 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Trails of the Pathfinders section by section

How to work through Trails of the Pathfinders section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 29 chapters of Trails of the Pathfinders to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Trails of the Pathfinders

Words and structures a reader meets early in Trails of the Pathfinders, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Https
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trails of the Pathfinders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Enclosed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trails of the Pathfinders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Equal
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trails of the Pathfinders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Signs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Trails of the Pathfinders; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.